Article

Magnetic resonance imaging of kidney and cyst volume in children with ADPKD.

Department of Pediatrics, PKD Research Group, University of Colorado Denver, and Department of Radiology, The Children's Hospital, 13001 East 17th Place, Box C283, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (impact factor: 5.23). 02/2011; 6(2):369-76. DOI:10.2215/CJN.03780410 pp.369-76
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common hereditary kidney disease and has important clinical manifestations in childhood. Numerous studies have documented the superiority of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for serial monitoring of kidney and cyst volume in this condition in adults. However, no studies have examined the utility of MRI for serial assessment of kidney and cyst volume in children with ADPKD.
Subjects 4 to 21 years of age with ADPKD underwent abdominal MRI on an annual basis for 5 years. Subjects were grouped according to BP as hypertensive (HBP; BP≥95th percentile for age, height, and gender) or as normotensive (NBP; BP<95th percentile). Total kidney volume (TKV), cyst volume, and cyst number were assessed by stereology.
MRI studies (n=302) were obtained in 77 children with ADPKD. TKV and cyst volume were significantly increased in HBP versus NBP subjects. HBP subjects demonstrated a greater increase in fractional cyst volume over time versus NBP subjects. Cyst number increased more rapidly in HBP ADPKD children.
This is the first large-scale clinical study examining the utility of MRI for serial assessment of TKV, cyst volume, and cyst number in children with ADPKD. These results demonstrate that MRI is an acceptable means to follow these parameters in children with ADPKD. Because of the embryonic occurrence of cysts, interventional trials are needed in ADPKD children and MRI may be the preferred renal imaging approach.

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Keywords

abdominal MRI
 
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
 
BP<95th percentile
 
BP≥95th percentile
 
common hereditary kidney disease
 
cyst volume
 
first large-scale clinical study
 
fractional cyst volume
 
greater increase
 
HBP ADPKD children
 
HBP subjects
 
interventional trials
 
magnetic resonance imaging
 
MRI studies
 
NBP subjects
 
Numerous studies
 
serial assessment
 
serial monitoring
 
Subjects 4
 
Total kidney volume
 

Melissa A Cadnapaphornchai