Article

Patterns of failure and comparison of different target volume delineations in patients with glioblastoma treated with conformal radiotherapy plus concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide.

Department of Radiation Oncology, Sant' Andrea Hospital, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy.
Radiotherapy and Oncology (impact factor: 5.58). 12/2010; 97(3):377-81. DOI:10.1016/j.radonc.2010.08.020 pp.377-81
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT To analyze the recurrence patterns in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GBM) treated with conformal radiotherapy (RT) plus concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ), and to compare the patterns of failure according to different target volume delineations.
One hundred and five patients with GBM which recurred after three-dimensional (3D) conformal RT plus TMZ were evaluated. The clinical target volume (CTV) used for our treatment planning (S'Andrea plans) consisted of residual tumor and resection cavity plus 2-cm margins according to recent randomized trials of the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC). MRI scans showing tumor recurrences were fused with the planning computed tomography (CT), and the patterns of failure were analyzed dosimetrically using dose-volume histograms. For each patient a theoretical plan based on the addition of postoperative edema plus 2-cm margins according to current guidelines of Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) was created and patterns of failure were evaluated.
The median overall survival and progression-free survival were 14.2 months and 7.5 months, respectively. Recurrences were central in 79 patients, in-field in 6 patients, marginal in 6 patients, and distant in 14 patients. Analysis of O(6)-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation status showed different recurrence patterns of GBMs in patients with MGMT methylated compared with patients with MGMT unmethylated status. Recurrences occurred central/in-field and outside in 64% and 31% of methylated patients, and in 91% and 5.4% of unmethylated patients, respectively (P=0.01). Patterns of failure were similar between the different treatment plans, however the median volume percent of brain irradiated to high doses was significantly smaller for our plans than for RTOG plans (P=0.0001).
Most of patients treated with RT plus concomitant and adjuvant RT have central recurrences, however distant new lesions may occur in more than 10% of patients. The use of target delineation using postoperative residual tumor and cavity plus 2-cm margins is associated with smaller volumes of normal brain irradiated to high doses as compared with plans including expanded edema, without a significant increase of the risk of marginal recurrences. Future clinical randomized studies need to compare the different planning methods in terms of efficacy and risk of late radiation-induced toxicity.

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    Article: MGMT promoter methylation in gliomas-assessment by pyrosequencing and quantitative methylation-specific PCR.
    Annette Bentsen Håvik, Petter Brandal, Hilde Honne, Hanne-Sofie Spenning Dahlback, David Scheie, Merete Hektoen, Torstein Ragnar Meling, Eirik Helseth, Sverre Heim, Ragnhild A Lothe, Guro Elisabeth Lind
    [show abstract] [hide abstract]
    ABSTRACT: Methylation of the O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) gene promoter is a favorable prognostic factor in glioblastoma patients. However, reported methylation frequencies vary significantly partly due to lack of consensus in the choice of analytical method. We examined 35 low- and 99 high-grade gliomas using quantitative methylation specific PCR (qMSP) and pyrosequencing. Gene expression level of MGMT was analyzed by RT-PCR. When examined by qMSP, 26% of low-grade and 37% of high-grade gliomas were found to be methylated, whereas 97% of low-grade and 55% of high-grade gliomas were found methylated by pyrosequencing. The average MGMT gene expression level was significantly lower in the group of patients with a methylated promoter independent of method used for methylation detection. Primary glioblastoma patients with a methylated MGMT promoter (as evaluated by both methylation detection methods) had approximately 5 months longer median survival compared to patients with an unmethylated promoter (log-rank test; pyrosequencing P = .02, qMSP P = .06). One third of the analyzed samples had conflicting methylation results when comparing the data from the qMSP and pyrosequencing. The overall survival analysis shows that these patients have an intermediate prognosis between the groups with concordant MGMT promoter methylation results when comparing the two methods. In our opinion, MGMT promoter methylation analysis gives sufficient prognostic information to merit its inclusion in the standard management of patients with high-grade gliomas, and in this study pyrosequencing came across as the better analytical method.
    Journal of Translational Medicine 03/2012; 10:36. · 3.41 Impact Factor
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Keywords

6 patients
 
clinical target volume
 
conformal radiotherapy
 
different planning methods
 
different recurrence patterns
 
different treatment plans
 
distant new lesions
 
dose-volume histograms
 
marginal recurrences
 
median volume percent
 
postoperative residual tumor
 
recurrence patterns
 
resection cavity
 
residual tumor
 
RTOG plans
 
S'Andrea plans
 
target delineation
 
treatment planning
 
tumor recurrences
 
unmethylated patients