Article

Higher protein intake is associated with diabetes risk in South Asian Indians: the Metabolic Syndrome and Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America (MASALA) study.

University of California, San Francisco, 4150 Clement Street, Section 111A1, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA.
Journal of the American College of Nutrition (impact factor: 2.29). 04/2010; 29(2):130-5. pp.130-5
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT Despite a high prevalence of type 2 diabetes in South Asian Indians, the impact of diet in this high-risk ethnic group has not been fully explored. The association of macronutrient intake and diabetes in South Asian Indians was examined in this cross-sectional study.
A population-based cohort of 146 South Asian Indians aged 45-79 years without existing cardiovascular disease living in the San Francisco Bay Area was recruited between August 2006 and October 2007. Macronutrient intake was assessed with a food-frequency questionnaire developed and validated in South Asians. Diabetes was defined by use of a hypoglycemic medication, a fasting plasma glucose level > or =126 mg/dL, or a 2-hour post-challenge glucose level > or =200 mg/dL. The association between energy-adjusted macronutrient intake and diabetes was explored using multivariable logistic regression models.
Forty-one (28%) participants had type 2 diabetes; 20 were unaware of this diagnosis and were classified as having diabetes by laboratory testing. In a model fully adjusted for age, sex, waist circumference, and hypertension, there was a 70% increase in the odds of diabetes per standard deviation in gram of protein intake/day (standardized OR 1.70 [95% CI 1.08, 2.68], p = 0.02). There was a trend toward increased protein intake and diabetes in the subset of participants with previously unknown, laboratory-diagnosed diabetes. Results did not vary significantly by sex, body mass index, or dietary pattern.
Higher level of protein intake was associated with increased odds of diabetes in this cohort of South Asian Indians. Diet may be a modifiable lifestyle factor in this high-risk ethnic group.

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    Article: Food consumption of Sri Lankan adults: an appraisal of serving characteristics.
    Ranil Jayawardena, Nuala M Byrne, Mario J Soares, Prasad Katulanda, Andrew P Hills
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    ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE: The main aim of the present study was to identify food consumption in Sri Lankan adults based on serving characteristics. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. Fruits, vegetables, starch, meat, pulses, dairy products and added sugars in the diet were assessed with portion sizes estimated using standard methods. SETTING: Twelve randomly selected clusters from the Sri Lanka Diabetes and Cardiovascular Study. SUBJECTS: Six hundred non-institutionalized adults. RESULTS: The daily intake of fruit (0·43), vegetable (1·73) and dairy (0·39) portions were well below national recommendations. Only 3·5 % of adults consumed the recommended 5 portions of fruits and vegetables/d; over a third of the population consumed no dairy products and fewer than 1 % of adults consumed 2 portions/d. In contrast, Sri Lankan adults consumed over 14 portions of starch and 3·5 portions of added sugars daily. Almost 70 % of those studied exceeded the upper limit of the recommendations for starch intake. The total daily number of meat and pulse portions was 2·78. CONCLUSIONS: Dietary guidelines emphasize the importance of a balanced and varied diet; however, a substantial proportion of the Sri Lankan population studied failed to achieve such a recommendation. Nutrition-related diseases in the country may be closely correlated with unhealthy eating habits.
    Public Health Nutrition 07/2012; · 2.17 Impact Factor
Data provided are for informational purposes only. Although carefully collected, accuracy cannot be guaranteed. The impact factor represents a rough estimation of the journal's impact factor and does not reflect the actual current impact factor. Publisher conditions are provided by RoMEO. Differing provisions from the publisher's actual policy or licence agreement may be applicable.

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Keywords

146 South Asian Indians
 
2-hour post-challenge glucose level
 
body mass index
 
cardiovascular disease
 
cross-sectional study
 
diabetes
 
dietary pattern
 
energy-adjusted macronutrient intake
 
fasting plasma glucose level
 
food-frequency questionnaire
 
high-risk ethnic group
 
laboratory testing
 
laboratory-diagnosed diabetes
 
multivariable logistic regression models
 
population-based cohort
 
San Francisco Bay Area
 
South Asian Indians
 
South Asians
 
type 2 diabetes
 
waist circumference