Article

Increased arterial stiffness is found in adolescents with obesity or obesity-related type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital & University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA.
Journal of hypertension (impact factor: 4.02). 08/2010; 28(8):1692-8. DOI:10.1097/HJH.0b013e32833a6132 pp.1692-8
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT Adults with obesity or obesity-related type 2 diabetes (T2DM) are at higher risk for cardiovascular disease possibly due to increased arterial stiffness. We sought to determine if arterial stiffness is increased in youth with obesity or T2DM as compared with lean controls.
Youth age 10-24 years (N = 670, 62% non-Caucasian, 35% male) were examined. They were stratified by the 85th% of BMI as lean (L=241), obese (O=234) or obese with T2DM (T2DM=195). Questionnaire, anthropometric, BP, laboratory (fasting glucose, insulin, HbA1c, lipids, CRP), physical activity, and DXA were collected. Brachial artery distensibility (BrachD), pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index (AIx) were measured. Group differences were evaluated by ANOVA. General linear multivariate models were constructed to elucidate independent determinates of arterial stiffness.
CV risk profile deteriorated from L to O to T2DM group. There was a progressive increase in AIx and PWV-trunk with progressive decline in BrachD from L to O to T2DM individuals (all P < 0.05). Group (status as L, O or T2DM) was an independent predictor of arterial stiffness even after adjusting for CV risk factors.
Arterial stiffness is increased in young individuals with obesity and obesity-related T2DM even after correction for risk factors.

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Keywords

62% non-Caucasian
 
arterial stiffness
 
augmentation index
 
Brachial artery distensibility
 
CV risk factors
 
CV risk profile deteriorated
 
elucidate independent determinates
 
General linear multivariate models
 
higher risk
 
independent predictor
 
lean controls
 
obesity-related T2DM
 
obesity-related type 2 diabetes
 
progressive increase
 
pulse wave velocity
 
risk factors
 
T2DM group
 
T2DM individuals
 
young individuals
 
Youth age 10-24 years