Article

Magnetization transfer imaging provides a quantitative measure of chondrogenic differentiation and tissue development.

Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Tissue Engineering Part C Methods (impact factor: 4.64). 04/2010; 16(6):1407-15. DOI:10.1089/ten.TEC.2009.0777 pp.1407-15
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT The goal of the present investigation was to test whether quantitative magnetization transfer imaging can be used as a noninvasive evaluation method for engineered cartilage. In this work, we used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to monitor the chondrogenesis of stem-cell-based engineered tissue over a 3-week period by measuring on a pixel-by-pixel basis the relaxation times (T₁ and T₂), the apparent diffusion coefficient, and the magnetization transfer parameters: bound proton fraction and cross-relaxation rate (k). Tissue-engineered constructs for generating cartilage were created by seeding mesenchymal stem cells in a gelatin sponge. Every 7 days, tissue samples were analyzed using MRI, histological, and biochemical methods. The MRI measurements were verified by histological analysis, and the imaging data were correlated with biochemical analysis of the developing cartilage matrix for glycosaminoglycan content. The MRI analysis for bound proton fraction and k showed a statistically significant increase that was correlated with the increase of glycosaminoglycan (R = 0.96 and 0.87, respectively, p < 0.05), whereas T₁, T₂, and apparent diffusion coefficient results did not show any significant changes over the 3-week measurement period.

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Keywords

3-week measurement period
 
3-week period
 
7 days
 
apparent diffusion coefficient
 
apparent diffusion coefficient results
 
biochemical analysis
 
biochemical methods
 
cross-relaxation rate
 
developing cartilage matrix
 
histological analysis
 
magnetic resonance imaging
 
MRI analysis
 
noninvasive evaluation method
 
present investigation
 
proton fraction
 
quantitative magnetization transfer imaging
 
relaxation times
 
significant changes
 
statistically significant increase
 
Tissue-engineered constructs