Article

Approaching cellular and molecular resolution of auxin biosynthesis and metabolism.

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA.
Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology (impact factor: 9.4). 01/2010; 2(1):a001594. DOI:10.1101/cshperspect.a001594 pp.a001594
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT There is abundant evidence of multiple biosynthesis pathways for the major naturally occurring auxin in plants, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and examples of differential use of two general routes of IAA synthesis, namely Trp-dependent and Trp-independent. Although none of these pathways has been completely defined, we now have examples of specific IAA biosynthetic pathways playing a role in developmental processes by way of localized IAA synthesis, causing us to rethink the interactions between IAA synthesis, transport, and signaling. Recent work also points to some IAA biosynthesis pathways being specific to families within the plant kingdom, whereas others appear to be more ubiquitous. An important advance within the past 5 years is our ability to monitor IAA biosynthesis and metabolism at increasingly higher resolution.

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    Article: De novo sequencing of Hypericum perforatum transcriptome to identify potential genes involved in the biosynthesis of active metabolites.
    Miao He, Ying Wang, Wenping Hua, Yuan Zhang, Zhezhi Wang
    [show abstract] [hide abstract]
    ABSTRACT: Hypericum perforatum L. (St. John's wort) is a medicinal plant with pharmacological properties that are antidepressant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, anti-cancer, and antibacterial. Its major active metabolites are hypericins, hyperforins, and melatonin. However, little genetic information is available for this species, especially that concerning the biosynthetic pathways for active ingredients. Using de novo transcriptome analysis, we obtained 59,184 unigenes covering the entire life cycle of these plants. In all, 40,813 unigenes (68.86%) were annotated and 2,359 were assigned to secondary metabolic pathways. Among them, 260 unigenes are involved in the production of hypericin, hyperforin, and melatonin. Another 2,291 unigenes are classified as potential Type III polyketide synthase. Our BlastX search against the AGRIS database reveals 1,772 unigenes that are homologous to 47 known Arabidopsis transcription factor families. Further analysis shows that 10.61% (6,277) of these unigenes contain 7,643 SSRs. We have identified a set of putative genes involved in several secondary metabolism pathways, especially those related to the synthesis of its active ingredients. Our results will serve as an important platform for public information about gene expression, genomics, and functional genomics in H. perforatum.
    PLoS ONE 01/2012; 7(7):e42081. · 4.09 Impact Factor
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Keywords

5 years
 
developmental processes
 
differential use
 
families
 
general routes
 
IAA
 
IAA biosynthesis
 
IAA biosynthesis pathways
 
IAA synthesis
 
indole-3-acetic acid
 
localized IAA synthesis
 
metabolism
 
multiple biosynthesis pathways
 
pathways
 
plant kingdom
 
plants
 
specific IAA biosynthetic pathways
 
Trp-dependent
 
Trp-independent
 
ubiquitous