Article

Effect of chronic treatment of carvedilol on oxidative stress in an intracerebroventricular streptozotocin induced model of dementia in rats.

Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre of Advanced Study, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology 12/2009; 61(12):1665-72. DOI:10.1211/jpp/61.12.0012 pp.1665-72
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT Oxidative stress is emerging as an important issue in the pathogenesis of dementia. This study was conducted to investigate the possible neuroprotective effects of carvedilol against streptozotocin induced behavioural alterations and oxidative damage in rats.
An intracerbroventricular cannula was implanted in the lateral ventricles of male Wistar rats. Various behavioural (locomotor activity, Morris water maze task) and biochemical parameters (lipid peroxidation, nitrate concentration, catalase, acetylcholinesterase, reduced glutathione and protein) were assessed.
Intracerebroventricular administration of streptozotocin caused a significant memory deficit as evaluated in the Morris water maze task paradigms, and caused marked oxidative damage as indicated by significant increases in malondialdehyde and nitrite levels, and depletion of superoxide dismutase, catalase and reduced glutathione levels. It also caused a significant increase in acetylcholinesterase activity. Chronic administration of carvedilol (1 and 2 mg/kg, i.p.) for a period of 25 days starting 4 days before streptozotocin administration resulted in an improvement in memory retention, and attenuation of oxidative damage and acetylcholinesterase activity.
This study demonstrates the effectiveness of carvedilol in preventing cognitive deficits as well as the oxidative stress caused by intracerbroventicular administration of streptozotocin in rats. Carvedilol may have potential in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.

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Keywords

4 days
 
biochemical parameters
 
Chronic administration
 
cognitive deficits
 
intracerbroventicular administration
 
intracerbroventricular cannula
 
Intracerebroventricular administration
 
locomotor activity
 
male Wistar rats
 
memory retention
 
Morris water maze task
 
Morris water maze task paradigms
 
neurodegenerative diseases
 
oxidative damage
 
Oxidative stress
 
possible neuroprotective effects
 
significant memory deficit
 
streptozotocin administration
 
streptozotocin induced behavioural alterations
 
Various behavioural