Article
Maintaining immune homeostasis in fly gut.
Nature Immunology (impact factor:
26.01).
10/2009;
10(9):936-8.
DOI:10.1038/ni0909-936
pp.936-8
Source: PubMed
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Citations (0)
- Cited In (4)
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Article: PGRP-LB is a maternally transmitted immune milk protein that influences symbiosis and parasitism in tsetse's offspring.
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ABSTRACT: Beneficial microbe functions range from host dietary supplementation to development and maintenance of host immune system. In mammals, newborn progeny are quickly colonized with a symbiotic fauna that is provisioned in mother's milk and that closely resembles that of the parent. Tsetse fly (Diptera: Glossinidae) also depends on the obligate symbiont Wigglesworthia for nutritional supplementation, optimal fecundity, and immune system development. Tsetse progeny develop one at a time in an intrauterine environment and receive nourishment and symbionts in mother's milk. We show that the host Peptidoglycan Recognition Protein (PGRP-LB) is expressed only in adults and is a major component of the milk that nourishes the developing progeny. The amidase activity associated with PGRP-LB may scavenge the symbiotic peptidoglycan and prevent the induction of tsetse's Immune Deficiency pathway that otherwise can damage the symbionts. Reduction of PGRP-LB experimentally diminishes female fecundity and damages Wigglesworthia in the milk through induction of antimicrobial peptides, including Attacin. Larvae that receive less maternal PGRP-LB give rise to adults with fewer Wigglesworthia and hyperimmune responses. Such adults also suffer dysregulated immunity, as indicated by the presence of higher trypanosome densities in parasitized adults. We show that recPGRP-LB has antimicrobial and antitrypanosomal activities that may regulate symbiosis and impact immunity. Thus, PGRP-LB plays a pivotal role in tsetse's fitness by protecting symbiosis against host-inflicted damage during development and by controlling parasite infections in adults that can otherwise reduce host fecundity.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 06/2012; 109(26):10552-7. · 9.68 Impact Factor -
Article: Antioxidants: Molecules, medicines, and myths.
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ABSTRACT: There is an industry-driven public obsession with antioxidants, which are equated to safe, health-giving molecules to be swallowed as mega-dose supplements or in fortified foods. Sometimes they are good for you, but sometimes they may not be, and pro-oxidants can be better for you in some circumstances. This article re-examines and challenges some basic assumptions in the nutritional antioxidant field.Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 02/2010; 393(4):561-4. · 2.48 Impact Factor -
Article: Reactive oxygen species regulate the levels of dual oxidase (Duox1-2) in human neuroblastoma cells.
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ABSTRACT: Dual Oxidases (DUOX) 1 and 2 are efficiently expressed in thyroid, gut, lung and immune system. The function and the regulation of these enzymes in mammals are still largely unknown. We report here that DUOX 1 and 2 are expressed in human neuroblastoma SK-N-BE cells as well as in a human oligodendrocyte cell line (MO3-13) and in rat brain and they are induced by platelet derived growth factor (PDGF). The levels of DUOX 1 and 2 proteins and mRNAs are induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by the membrane NADPH oxidase. As to the mechanism, we find that PDGF stimulates membrane NADPH oxidase to produce ROS, which stabilize DUOX1 and 2 mRNAs and increases the levels of the proteins. Silencing of gp91(phox) (NOX2), or of the other membrane subunit of NADPH oxidase, p22(phox), blocks PDGF induction of DUOX1 and 2. These data unravel a novel mechanism of regulation of DUOX enzymes by ROS and identify a circuitry linking NADPH oxidase activity to DUOX1 and 2 levels in neuroblastoma cells.PLoS ONE 01/2012; 7(4):e34405. · 4.09 Impact Factor
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Keywords
able
drosophila
efficient immune response
intestinal immune homeostasis
microbial burden
New findings
reactive oxygen species