Article

Trabeculectomia com mitomicina C em pacientes com glaucoma congênito refratário

Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia 01/2004;
Source: DOAJ
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    ABSTRACT: Proliferating human Tenon's capsule fibroblasts were exposed for 5 minutes to a wide range of concentrations of fluorouracil, floxuridine, and mitomycin. High concentrations of all three agents had prolonged effects on cell proliferation and morphologic characteristics compared with untreated control cells up to 36 days. The highest concentrations of both floxuridine (15,000 micrograms/mL) and mitomycin (1000 micrograms/mL) had an apparent cidal effect, reducing cell numbers below initial cell density. In contrast, although the highest concentration of fluorouracil (25,000 micrograms/mL) inhibited cell proliferation by more than 50% relative to the untreated control cells at 36 days, the cell numbers still increased fourfold compared with the initial cell density. These results demonstrate that 5-minute treatments with high concentrations of these drugs have prolonged effects on the proliferation of human Tenon's capsule fibroblasts in vitro. Single-dose regimens using high concentrations of these drugs at the time of operation may achieve results similar to those of protocols that involve repeated applications.
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    ABSTRACT: To examine the 5-year complications and results of primary trabeculectomy with mitomycin-C (MMC). Retrospective, noncomparative interventional case series. One hundred twenty-three eyes that underwent primary trabeculectomy with MMC between December 1991 and March 1995. All patients received standard trabeculectomy performed by one of two surgeons, using a Weck cell-soaked pledget of MMC, 0.25, 0.33, or 0.5 mg/ml, for 0.5 to 5 minutes. Laser suture lysis was performed postoperatively for intraocular pressure control. The incidence of complications, including hypotony with or without maculopathy, bleb leak or blebitis, pressure control, and medication reduction at yearly intervals. Mean preoperative and year 5 postoperative intraocular pressures (IOP) were 25.79 and 9.91 mmHg (P < 0.05, paired t test). Hypotony (IOP < 6) occurred in 42.2% of eyes after a mean follow-up of 26.1 months. Hypotony maculopathy occurred in 8.9% of eyes at mean follow-up of 33.7 months. Bleb leak occurred in 14.6% of eyes at a mean follow-up of 27.9 months. Blebitis occurred in 5.7% of eyes at a mean follow-up of 35.4 months, and endophthalmitis occurred in 0.8% of eyes at 15 months; 14.9% of eyes lost 4 lines of visual acuity. The single predictor for the development of late-term hypotony was IOP 1 month after operation (P < 0.05). Primary mitomycin trabeculectomy significantly lowers IOP at 5 years but is associated with a high incidence of delayed hypotony.
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Sebastião Cronemberger