Article

Freezing equine semen: the effect of combinations of semen extenders and glycerol on post-thaw motility.

College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
Australian Veterinary Journal (impact factor: 0.94). 08/2009; 87(7):275-9. DOI:10.1111/j.1751-0813.2009.00452.x pp.275-9
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT We evaluated combinations of two commercial semen extenders and three concentrations of glycerol to determine the combination that yielded the highest post-thaw sperm motility.
A randomised 2 x 3 block design was used.
Semen was collected from four stallions (6 collections per stallion). The sample was diluted with either a dried skim-milk glucose extender (EZ Mixin Original Formula) or a chemically defined, milk-free diluent (INRA 96), and each was used in combination with 2%, 3% or 4% glycerol in standard commercial freezing medium. Sperm motility was assessed by microscopy in fresh and post-thaw semen.
There was a significant difference between the two extenders in the motility of spermatozoa after cryopreservation (48.9% for INRA 96; 38.6% for EZ Mixin OF; P < 0.0001). Glycerol at 4% in freezing medium yielded the highest post-thaw motility, significantly better than 2% (P < 0.05). Three of four stallions had significantly higher post-thaw motility using INRA 96 relative to EZ Mixin OF (P < 0.01), and two of four stallions had significantly higher post-thaw motility using 4% glycerol (P < 0.05). The combination of INRA 96 and 4% glycerol in freezing medium gave the highest average post-thaw motility of 51.5%.
In this study, INRA 96 combined with 4% glycerol yielded an average recovery of progressively motile sperm consistently above the 35% target.

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    Article: Semen cryopreservation in the Indian rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis).
    M A Stoops, M W Atkinson, E S Blumer, M K Campbell, T L Roth
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    ABSTRACT: The objective was to identify an extender and cryoprotectant combination for Indian rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis) sperm that yielded high post-thaw sperm quality. Male Indian rhinoceroses (n=6; 7.5-34 yr old) were anesthetized and subjected to a regimented electroejaculation procedure (75-100 mAmps; 4-10 volts; 7-150 stimuli; total of 10 electroejaculation procedures). High quality semen fractions from each ejaculate were divided into four aliquots and a 2 x 2 factorial design used to compare the effect of two sperm extenders (standard equine [EQ] and skim milk-egg-yolk-sugar [SMEY]), and two cryoprotectants (glycerol and dimethylsulfoxide [DMSO]). Cyropreserved samples were thawed and assessed for motility, viability and acrosome integrity over time. Electroejaculate fractions processed for cryopreservation had high sperm concentration (516 x 10(6)/mL) and motility (79%). Post-thaw sperm characteristics were higher (P<0.05) when semen was cryopreserved in EQ versus SMEY. Post-thaw motility of sperm cyropreserved in EQ averaged 50-55% compared to 22-37% in SMEY, with no significant differences in sperm characteristics of samples cyropreserved in glycerol and DMSO. In conclusion, sperm collected from Indian rhinoceroses via electroejaculation were cryopreserved using EQ extender with either glycerol or DMSO; post-thaw quality was adequate for use in assisted reproductive procedures.
    Theriogenology 02/2010; 73(8):1104-15. · 1.96 Impact Factor
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Keywords

4% glycerol
 
6 collections
 
average recovery
 
commercial semen extenders
 
dried skim-milk glucose extender
 
EZ Mixin
 
EZ Mixin Original Formula
 
freezing medium
 
highest average post-thaw motility
 
highest post-thaw motility
 
highest post-thaw sperm motility
 
milk-free diluent
 
progressively motile sperm
 
randomised 2 x 3 block design
 
Sperm motility
 
spermatozoa
 
stallion
 
stallions
 
standard commercial freezing medium
 
two extenders