Article

Marine n-3 fatty acids promote size reduction of visceral adipose depots, without altering body weight and composition, in male Wistar rats fed a high-fat diet.

Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Blindern, Norway.
The British journal of nutrition (impact factor: 3.45). 05/2009; 102(7):995-1006. DOI:10.1017/S0007114509353210 pp.995-1006
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT We evaluated the effects of partly substituting lard with marine n-3 fatty acids (FA) on body composition and weight, adipose tissue distribution and gene expression in five adipose depots of male Wistar rats fed a high-fat diet. Rats were fed diets including lard (19.5 % lard) or n-3 FA (9.1 % lard and 10.4 % Triomar) for 7 weeks. Feed consumption and weight gain were similar, whereas plasma lipid concentrations were lower in the n-3 FA group. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed smaller visceral (mesenteric, perirenal and epididymal) adipose depots in the n-3 FA-fed animals (35, 44 and 32 % reductions, respectively). n-3 FA feeding increased mRNA expression of cytokines as well as chemokines in several adipose depots. Expression of Adipoq and Pparg was enhanced in the mesenteric adipose depots of the n-3 FA-fed rats, and fasting plasma insulin levels were lowered. Expression of the lipogenic enzymes Acaca and Fasn was increased in the visceral adipose depots, whereas Dgat1 was reduced in the perirenal and epididymal depots. Cpt2 mRNA expression was almost doubled in the mesenteric depot and liver. Carcass analyses showed similar body fat (%) in the two feeding groups, indicating that n-3 FA feeding led to redistribution of fat away from the visceral compartment.

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Keywords

% lard
 
32 % reductions
 
adipose depots
 
adipose tissue distribution
 
body composition
 
Carcass analyses
 
Cpt2 mRNA expression
 
epididymal depots
 
Feed consumption
 
gene expression
 
Magnetic resonance imaging
 
marine n-3 fatty acids
 
mesenteric adipose depots
 
mRNA expression
 
n-3 FA group
 
n-3 FA-fed rats
 
plasma lipid concentrations
 
smaller visceral
 
visceral adipose depots
 
visceral compartment