Article

An ultrasonogram reporting system for thyroid nodules stratifying cancer risk for clinical management.

Thyroid Board, Clinica Alemana de Santiago, Av. Vitacura 5951 Santiago, Chile.
The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism (impact factor: 6.5). 04/2009; 94(5):1748-51. DOI:10.1210/jc.2008-1724 pp.1748-51
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT There is a high prevalence of thyroid nodules on ultrasonographic (US) examination. However, most of them are benign. US criteria may help to decide cost-effective management.
Our objective was to develop a standardized US characterization and reporting data system of thyroid lesions for clinical management: the Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TIRADS).
This was a prospective study using the TIRADS, which is based on the concepts of the Breast Imaging Reporting Data System of the American College of Radiology.
A correlation of the US findings and fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) results in 1959 lesions biopsied under US guidance and studied histologically during an 8-yr period was divided into three stages. In the first stage, 10 US patterns were defined. In the second stage, four TIRADS groups were defined according to risk. The percentages of malignancy defined in the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System were followed: TIRADS 2 (0% malignancy), TIRADS 3 (<5% malignancy), TIRADS 4 (5-80% malignancy), and TIRADS 5 (>80% malignancy).
The TIRADS classification was evaluated at the third stage of the study in a sample of 1097 nodules (benign: 703; follicular lesions: 238; and carcinoma: 156). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy were 88, 49, 49, 88, and 94%, respectively. The ratio of benign to malignant or follicular FNAB results currently is 1.8.
The TIRADS has allowed us to improve patient management and cost-effectiveness, avoiding unnecessary FNAB. In addition, we have established standard codes to be used both for radiologists and endocrinologists.

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Keywords

1959 lesions biopsied
 
8-yr period
 
Breast Imaging Reporting
 
Breast Imaging Reporting Data System
 
clinical management
 
cost-effective management
 
data system
 
first stage
 
follicular FNAB results
 
follicular lesions
 
negative predictive value
 
patient management
 
positive predictive value
 
prospective study
 
second stage
 
third stage
 
thyroid lesions
 
TIRADS 4
 
TIRADS 5
 
unnecessary FNAB
 

Eleonora Horvath