Article

Regulation of ER-associated degradation via p97/VCP-interacting motif.

Ege University, School of Pharmacy, Biochemistry Department, Izmir 35100, Turkey.
Biochemical Society Transactions (impact factor: 3.71). 11/2008; 36(Pt 5):818-22. DOI:10.1042/BST0360818 pp.818-22
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT p97/VCP (valosin-containing protein) is a cytosolic AAA (ATPase associated with various cellular activities) essential for retrotranslocation of misfolded proteins during ERAD [ER (endoplasmic reticulum)-associated degradation]. gp78, an ERAD ubiquitin ligase, is one of the p97/VCP recruitment proteins localized to the ER membrane. A newly identified VIM (p97/VCP-interacting motif) in gp78 has brought about novel insights into mechanisms of ERAD, such as the presence of a p97/VCP-dependent but Ufd1-independent retrotranslocation during gp78-mediated ERAD. Additionally, SVIP (small p97/VCP-interacting protein), which contains a VIM in its N-terminal region, negatively regulates ERAD by uncoupling p97/VCP and Derlin1 from gp78. Thus SVIP may protect cells from damage by extravagant ERAD.

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    Article: VCP/p97 is essential for maturation of ubiquitin-containing autophagosomes and this function is impaired by mutations that cause IBMPFD.
    Emilie Tresse, Florian A Salomons, Jouni Vesa, Laura C Bott, Virginia Kimonis, Tso-Pang Yao, Nico P Dantuma, J Paul Taylor
    [show abstract] [hide abstract]
    ABSTRACT: VCP (VCP/p97) is a ubiquitously expressed member of the AAA(+)-ATPase family of chaperone-like proteins that regulates numerous cellular processes including chromatin decondensation, homotypic membrane fusion and ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation by the proteasome. Mutations in VCP cause a multisystem degenerative disease consisting of inclusion body myopathy, Paget disease of bone, and frontotemporal dementia (IBMPFD). Here we show that VCP is essential for autophagosome maturation. We generated cells stably expressing dual-tagged LC3 (mCherry-EGFP-LC3) which permit monitoring of autophagosome maturation. We determined that VCP deficiency by RNAi-mediated knockdown or overexpression of dominant-negative VCP results in significant accumulation of immature autophagic vesicles, some of which are abnormally large, acidified and exhibit cathepsin B activity. Furthermore, expression of disease-associated VCP mutants (R155H and A232E) also causes this autophagy defect. VCP was found to be essential to autophagosome maturation under basal conditions and in cells challenged by proteasome inhibition, but not in cells challenged by starvation, suggesting that VCP might be selectively required for autophagic degradation of ubiquitinated substrates. Indeed, a high percentage of the accumulated autophagic vesicles contain ubiquitin-positive contents, a feature that is not observed in autophagic vesicles that accumulate following starvation or treatment with Bafilomycin A. Finally, we show accumulation of numerous, large LAMP-1 and LAMP-2-positive vacuoles and accumulation of LC3-II in myoblasts derived from patients with IBMPFD. We conclude that VCP is essential for maturation of ubiquitin-containing autophagosomes and that defect in this function may contribute to IBMPFD pathogenesis.
    Autophagy 02/2010; 6(2):217-27. · 7.45 Impact Factor
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Keywords

cytosolic AAA
 
endoplasmic reticulum)-associated degradation]
 
ERAD
 
ERAD [ER
 
ERAD ubiquitin ligase
 
extravagant ERAD
 
gp78-mediated ERAD
 
identified VIM
 
misfolded proteins
 
novel insights
 
p97/VCP recruitment proteins localized
 
p97/VCP-dependent
 
p97/VCP-interacting motif
 
regulates ERAD
 
small p97/VCP-interacting protein
 
SVIP
 
valosin-containing protein
 
various cellular activities