Article

Extracellular nucleotides stimulate Cl- currents in biliary epithelia through receptor-mediated IP3 and Ca2+ release.

Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9063, USA.
AJP Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology (impact factor: 3.43). 10/2008; 295(5):G1004-15. DOI:10.1152/ajpgi.90382.2008 pp.G1004-15
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT Extracellular ATP regulates bile formation by binding to P2 receptors on cholangiocytes and stimulating transepithelial Cl(-) secretion. However, the specific signaling pathways linking receptor binding to Cl(-) channel activation are not known. Consequently, the aim of these studies in human Mz-Cha-1 biliary cells and normal rat cholangiocyte monolayers was to assess the intracellular pathways responsible for ATP-stimulated increases in intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) and membrane Cl(-) permeability. Exposure of cells to ATP resulted in a rapid increase in [Ca(2+)](i) and activation of membrane Cl(-) currents; both responses were abolished by prior depletion of intracellular Ca(2+). ATP-stimulated Cl(-) currents demonstrated mild outward rectification, reversal at E(Cl(-)), and a single-channel conductance of approximately 17 pS, where E is the equilibrium potential. The conductance response to ATP was inhibited by the Cl(-) channel inhibitors NPPB and DIDS but not the CFTR inhibitor CFTR(inh)-172. Both ATP-stimulated increases in [Ca(2+)](i) and Cl(-) channel activity were inhibited by the P2Y receptor antagonist suramin. The PLC inhibitor U73122 and the inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3) receptor inhibitor 2-APB both blocked the ATP-stimulated increase in [Ca(2+)](i) and membrane Cl(-) currents. Intracellular dialysis with purified IP3 activated Cl(-) currents with identical properties to those activated by ATP. Exposure of normal rat cholangiocyte monolayers to ATP increased short-circuit currents (I(sc)), reflecting transepithelial secretion. The I(sc) was unaffected by CFTR(inh)-172 but was significantly inhibited by U73122 or 2-APB. In summary, these findings indicate that the apical P2Y-IP3 receptor signaling complex is a dominant pathway mediating biliary epithelial Cl(-) transport and, therefore, may represent a potential target for increasing secretion in the treatment of cholestatic liver disease.

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Keywords

apical P2Y-IP3 receptor signaling complex
 
ATP-stimulated Cl(-)
 
CFTR inhibitor CFTR(inh)-172
 
cholestatic liver disease
 
dominant pathway mediating biliary epithelial Cl(-)
 
equilibrium potential
 
Extracellular ATP regulates bile formation
 
human Mz-Cha-1 biliary cells
 
identical properties
 
intracellular Ca(2+)
 
intracellular pathways responsible
 
membrane Cl(-)
 
mild outward rectification
 
normal rat cholangiocyte monolayers
 
P2 receptors
 
P2Y receptor antagonist suramin
 
purified IP3 activated Cl(-)
 
specific signaling pathways
 
stimulating transepithelial Cl(-)
 
transepithelial secretion