Article

Retrograde tracing with fluorescent microspheres reveals bifurcating projections from central retina to tectum and thalamus in chicks.

Laboratory of Anatomy of Domestic Animal, College of Animal Medicine, China Agricultural University, Haidian, Beijing, 100193, China.
Anantomia Histologia Embryologia (impact factor: 0.9). 08/2012; 41(4):306-10. DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0264.2011.01131.x pp.306-10
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT The goal of this study is to demonstrate the dual-projection pattern of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) projecting to the tectum and visual thalamus in chick using retrograde fluorescent tracers and also to define the morphological properties of these RGCs with dual projections by intracellular injection of Lucifer Yellow (LY) combined with immunohistochemistry. Thirty-two chicks received double injections of green and red fluorescent microspheres into their thalamus and tectum in the same side. In the central retina, most of the labelled RGCs were tec-RGCs (RGCs projecting to the tectum), a quarter was tha-RGCs (RGCs projecting to the thalamus), and almost all of the tha-RGCs were double-labelled RGCs. An intracellular injection of LY into the double-labelled RGCs showed all six groups of RGCs without specific populations in each group (J. Comp. Neurol., 2004, 469: 360). These dendritic patterns were mostly mono- and bistrata, which extended horizontally in the deeper part of the inner plexiform layer.

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Keywords

deeper part
 
dendritic patterns
 
double injections
 
double-labelled RGCs
 
dual projections
 
dual-projection pattern
 
extended horizontally
 
inner plexiform layer
 
intracellular injection
 
labelled RGCs
 
Lucifer Yellow
 
morphological properties
 
red fluorescent microspheres
 
retinal ganglion cells
 
retrograde fluorescent tracers
 
RGCs
 
six groups
 
specific populations
 
tha-RGCs
 
visual thalamus
 

J Cao