Article

Polymeric nanogels as vaccine delivery systems.

IBB-Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre for Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
Nanomedicine: nanotechnology, biology, and medicine (impact factor: 5.44). 07/2012; DOI:10.1016/j.nano.2012.06.001
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT Polymeric nanogels find a relevant field of application in the formulation of a new generation of therapeutic and preventive vaccines, aiming at the fine-tuned modulation of the immune response. Intrinsic properties of polymeric nanogels, such as material chemistry, size and shape, surface charge, and hydrophobicity or hydrophilicity, may be determining factors in shaping the induced immune response. These materials can thus work as synthetic adjuvants, which can also be conjugated with immunostimulants. Polymeric nanogels protect vaccine antigens from degradation in vivo and, surface-conjugated with antibodies or specific ligands, could increase active targeting specificity. This review covers the recent published data concerning the modulation of innate and adaptive immune responses by engineered polymeric nanogels and their potential application as delivery systems in vaccination.

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Keywords

adaptive immune responses
 
antibodies
 
delivery systems
 
hydrophobicity
 
immune response
 
increase active
 
induced immune response
 
Intrinsic properties
 
material chemistry
 
Polymeric nanogels
 
potential application
 
preventive vaccines
 
specificity
 
surface charge
 
surface-conjugated
 
synthetic adjuvants
 
therapeutic
 
vaccination
 
vaccine antigens