Article

Pylogenetic relationship of dengue virus type 3 isolated in Brazil and Paraguay and global evolutionary divergence dynamics.

Virology Journal (impact factor: 2.34). 06/2012; 9(1):124. DOI:10.1186/1743-422X-9-124 pp.124
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Dengue is the most important mosquito-borne viral disease worldwide. Dengue virus comprises four antigenically related viruses named dengue virus type 1 to 4 (DENV1-4). DENV-3 was re-introduced into the Americas in 1994 causing outbreaks in Nicaragua and Panama. DENV-3 was introduced in Brazil in 2000 and then spread to most of the Brazilian States, reaching the neighboring country, Paraguay in 2002. In this study, we have analyzed the phylogenetic relationship of DENV-3 isolated in Brazil and Paraguay with viruses isolated worldwide. We have also analyzed the evolutionary divergence dynamics of DENV-3 viruses. RESULTS: The entire open reading frame (ORF) of thirteen DENV-3 isolated in Brazil (n= 9) and Paraguay (n= 4) were sequenced for phylogenetic analysis. DENV-3 grouped into three main genotypes (I, II and III). Several internal clades were found within each genotype that we called lineage and sub-lineage. Viruses included in this study belong to genotype III and grouped together with viruses isolated in the Americas within the lineage III. The Brazilian viruses were further segregated into two different sub-lineage, A and B, and the Paraguayan into the sub-lineage B. All three genotypes showed internal grouping. The nucleotide divergence was in average 6.7% for genotypes, 2.7% for lineages and 1.5% for sub-lineages. Phylogenetic trees constructed with any of the protein gene sequences showed the same segregation of the DENV-3 in three genotypes. CONCLUSION: Our results showed that two groups of DENV-3 genotypes III circulated in Brazil during 2002-2009, suggesting different events of introduction of the virus through different regions of the country. In Paraguay, only one group DENV-3 genotype III is circulating that is very closely related to the Brazilian viruses of sub-lineage B. Different degree of grouping can be observed for DENV-3 and each group showed a characteristic evolutionary divergence. Finally, we have observed that any protein gene sequence can be used to identify the virus genotype.

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Keywords

Brazilian States
 
Brazilian viruses
 
Dengue virus
 
dengue virus type 1
 
DENV-3 genotypes III
 
DENV-3 viruses
 
different regions
 
different sub-lineage
 
genotype III
 
group DENV-3 genotype III
 
internal clades
 
internal grouping
 
lineage III
 
main genotypes
 
mosquito-borne viral disease
 
neighboring country
 
sub-lineage
 
sub-lineage B
 
sub-lineage B. Different degree
 
three genotypes
 

Helda L Alfonso