Article

Lymphocyte proliferation in response to acute heavy resistance exercise in women: influence of muscle strength and total work

Present address: Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Present address: Department of Health and Human Development, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, USA; Present address: US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts, USA; Present address: Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA
Arbeitsphysiologie (impact factor: 2.15). 07/2001; 85(3):367-373. DOI:10.1007/s004210100388 pp.367-373

ABSTRACT Little is understood about the immune responses to heavy resistance exercise. The purpose of this investigation was to determine
the influence of physical strength and the ability to do more total work on lymphocyte proliferation after an acute bout of
heavy resistance exercise. A group of 50healthy but non-strength trained women were recruited for the study and tested for
their one repetition maximum (i.e. 1RM or maximal mass lifted once). From the normal distribution of strength the top and
bottom 8women [mean age 22.5(SD3.1)years] were asked to volunteer to define our two groups (i.e. high strength and low
strength). The two groups were significantly different (P<0.05) in 1RM squat strength [low strength 39.9(SD4.6)kg, 0.65(SD0.08)kg·kg body mass–1 and high strength 72.2(SD10.7)kg, 1.1(SD0.12)kg·kg body mass–1] but were not significantly different in body mass, age, activity levels, and menstrual status (all in same phase). Each
performed a resistance exercise protocol consisting of six sets of 10RM squats with 2min rest between the sets. The 10RM
loads and total work were significantly greater in the high strength group than in the low strength group. Blood samples were
obtained pre-exercise and immediately post-exercise for test for lactate (significant increase with exercise) and cortisol
(no changes) concentrations with no differences noted between groups. Immunological assays on the blood samples determined
the incorporation of tritiated thymidine by lymphocytes in responses to concanavalin A (ConA), phytohemagglutinin (PHA), and
pokeweed mitogen (PWM). Following the squat exercise, there was a significant decrease in lymphocyte responsiveness to PWM
in the high strength but not in the low strength group for both total proliferation and proliferation adjusted per B or T
cell. On the other hand, lymphocytes from the low strength group proliferated to a significantly greater extent (adjusted
per T cell) in response to ConA and PHA. These data indicate that the heavy resistance exercise protocol reduced the lymphocyte
proliferative responses only in the stronger group of subjects. This effect may have been due to the high absolute total work
and the greater exercise stress created by the resistance exercise protocol in the high strength group. Therefore, individuals
performing at the same relative exercise intensity (i.e. 10RM) in a resistance exercise protocol may have different immune
responses stemming from differences in absolute total work performance.

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    Article: EFFECTS OF VERY SHORT REST PERIODS ON IMMUNOGLOBULIN A AND CORTISOL RESPONSES TO RESISTANCE EXERCISE IN MEN
    Rahimi Rahman, Ghaderi Mohammad, Mirzaei Bahman, Ghaeni Saeed, Faraji Hassan, Daryoush Sheikholeslami Vatani, Rahmani-Nia Farhad
    [show abstract] [hide abstract]
    ABSTRACT: There are few data relating to stress levels and immune function, prior to, and following acute bout of resistance exercise with varying rest intervals between sets in young resistance trained men. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of varying rest intervals on serum IgA and cortisol concentrations during heavy resistance exercise (RE). Ten resistance-trained men completed 3 exercise bouts of 4 sets of bench press and squat to exhaustion at 85% of one repetition maximum (1RM) with 60-, 90- or 120-second rest intervals. Blood samples collected at rest (PRE), immediately post-exercise (POST), and 30-min post-exercise (30Post) were analyzed for IgA, cortisol and lactate levels. Data were analyzed using 3×3 repeated measures analysis of variance. The results showed there was not any significant differences between serum IgA levels of three protocols in pre-test and post-test (P>0.05). However, serum cortisol concentrations were significantly different between and within protocols (P < 0.05). We conclude that short rest intervals between sets in resistance training programs do not suppress IgA secretion. However, short rest intervals induce increase in serum cortisol concentration.
    Journal of Human Sport and Exercise. 01/2010;
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Keywords

10RM squats
 
2min rest
 
absolute total work
 
absolute total work performance
 
activity levels
 
blood samples
 
heavy resistance exercise
 
heavy resistance exercise protocol
 
immune responses
 
low strength group proliferated
 
normal distribution
 
one repetition maximum
 
physical strength
 
pokeweed mitogen
 
relative exercise intensity
 
resistance exercise protocol
 
significant decrease
 
squat exercise
 
total work
 
two groups