A very severe case of feline amyloidosis with spontaneous hepatic rupture and chronic renal failure

Abstract

A 3.5-year-old neutered male domestic shorthaired cat presenting with inappetence, depression, polydisia, and severe icteric
mucous membranes was diagnosed as having systemic amyloidosis with spontaneous hemorrhage from the liver and chronic renal
failure. Laboratory findings were remarkable for anemia, thrombocytopenia, mature neutrophilia, hyperbilirubinemia, azotemia,
and hyperphosphatemia. Little treatment was possible and the cat was euthanased later. At necropsy, the entire abdominal cavity
was filled with intra-abdominal hemorrhage. Histopathological examination revealed extensive deposition of eosinophilic homogenous
material in the parenchyma of the liver and sinusoids. Hepatic amyloid was detected primarily in periacinar regions associated
with atrophy of adjacent hepatocytes. In the kidney, marked eosinophilic homogenous material was found in numerous glomeruli
and outer medullary area. Amyloid deposits were demonstrated by the Congo red stain. Whether underlying diseases present as
risk factors for the severity of clinical and biochemical picture of generalized amyloidosis in this case is unclear.

KeywordsCat-Amyloidosis-Spontaneous hepatic rupture-Renal failure