Article

Formation of PtRu alloy nanoparticle catalyst by radiolytic process assisted by addition of dl-tartaric acid and its enhanced methanol oxidation activity

Hitach Maxell, Ltd, 1-1-88 Ushitora, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-8567 Japan; Graduate School of Engineering, Doshisha University, 1-3 Tatara-Miyakodani, Kyotanabe-shi, Kyoto, 610-0321 Japan
Journal of Nanoparticle Research (impact factor: 3.29). 05/2012; 13(10):5275-5287. DOI:10.1007/s11051-011-0513-x pp.5275-5287

ABSTRACT PtRu nanoparticle catalysts with 2-nm size supported on carbon were synthesized by a radiolytic process, assisted with the
addition of dl-tartaric acid. Gradual alloying with the addition was confirmed by structural analyses with techniques of the X-ray diffraction
and the X-ray absorption fine structure. Their methanol oxidation activities evaluated by the linear sweep voltammetry were
higher than that of the commercial one, and found to be enhanced in accordance with the gradual change in the bimetallic structure
from the Pt-core/Ru-shell to the random alloy. A good correlation was found between the catalytic activity and the indicators,
which stands for the occurring frequency of the Pt–Ru bonds, calculated from the coordination numbers determined by the extended
X-ray absorption fine structure analysis. It was confirmed that the addition of dl-tartaric acid in the radiolytic process certainly promoted the random alloy formation of PtRu bimetallic nanoparticles and
enhanced their methanol oxidation activity.

KeywordsMethanol oxidation–PtRu catalyst–Radiolytic process–
dl-tartaric acid–Fuel cells

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Keywords

catalytic activity
 
commercial
 
coordination numbers
 
dl-tartaric acid
 
Gradual alloying
 
gradual change
 
indicators
 
linear sweep voltammetry
 
methanol oxidation activities
 
methanol oxidation activity
 
occurring frequency
 
PtRu bimetallic nanoparticles
 
Pt–Ru bonds
 
radiolytic process
 
random alloy
 
random alloy formation
 
structural analyses
 
X-ray absorption fine structure
 
X-ray absorption fine structure analysis
 
X-ray diffraction
 

Satoru Kageyama