Article

Micro-RNAs (miRNAs): genomic organisation, biogenesis and mode of action.

Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Science Block, Hazratbal Campus, Srinagar, Kashmir 190006, India.
Cell and Tissue Research (impact factor: 3.11). 05/2012; 349(2):405-13. DOI:10.1007/s00441-012-1438-0 pp.405-13
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression in animals and in plants. In recent years, miRNAs have been shown to be important biological molecules for regulating various cellular functions. miRNAs function post-transcriptionally usually by base-pairing to the mRNA 3'-untranslated regions of the mRNAs and repress protein synthesis by mechanisms that are not fully understood. Various miRNA genes have been mapped in the genome of a number of organisms and the list continues to grow. Details regarding the genomic organisation, transcriptional regulation and post-transcriptional maturation of miRNAs are still emerging. In this review, information regarding the genomic organisation, biogenesis and regulation of expression of miRNAs is discussed.

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Keywords

biogenesis
 
Details
 
genomic organisation
 
miRNAs
 
miRNAs function post-transcriptionally
 
mRNA 3'-untranslated regions
 
mRNAs
 
post-transcriptional maturation
 
recent years
 
regulate gene expression
 
regulating various cellular functions
 
repress protein synthesis
 
Various miRNA genes
 

Mahboob Ul Hussain