Article

Roles of endoplasmic reticulum and energetic stress in disturbed sleep.

Center for Sleep and Circadian Neurobiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Neuromolecular medicine (impact factor: 5). 04/2012; 14(3):213-9. DOI:10.1007/s12017-012-8179-9 pp.213-9
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT Sleep disturbances are contributing factors to health risk for several diseases including hypertension, diabetes, obesity, depression, and stroke. On a molecular level, sleep disturbances that incur sleep loss and sleep fragmentation result in cellular stress, inflammation, and an impaired immune system. It has been hypothesized that sleep deprivation or prolonged waking leads to increased energy demand and thus energetic stress. Sleep loss and sleep fragmentation are also known to lead to cellular stress specifically endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. This review will summarize the current knowledge of the roles of ER and energetic stress during sleep loss and fragmentation that are characteristics of many sleep disturbances. Sleep research pertinent to these specific pathways will be discussed.

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Keywords

cellular stress
 
current knowledge
 
energetic stress
 
energy demand
 
fragmentation result
 
health risk
 
hypertension
 
impaired immune system
 
inflammation
 
molecular level
 
sleep deprivation
 
sleep disturbances
 
Sleep loss
 
Sleep research pertinent
 
specific pathways
 
waking