Article

Growth and characterization of Nd-doped Ca0.28Ba0.72Nb2O6 crystal

State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials and Institute of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, 27 South Shanda Road, Jinan, Shandong 250100, People’s Republic of China
Journal of Applied Physics (impact factor: 2.17). 02/2009; DOI:10.1063/1.3054583 pp.023507 - 023507-7
Source: IEEE Xplore

ABSTRACT We report the growth of a Nd-doped calcium barium niobate (Nd:CBN-28) single crystal using the Czochralski method. The point group and space group of Nd:CBN-28 are determined to be tetragonal 4mm and P4bm , respectively, and the effective segregation coefficients of Nd, Ca, Ba, and Nb are 0.988, 1.029, 0.992, and 0.985, respectively. The density of the material is 5.321 g   cm -3 at 19.6 ° C , in good agreement with the theoretical value. Thermal expansion measurements reveal that during the heating cycle, the c -axis of Nd:CBN-28 undergoes both thermal contraction and thermal expansion, while at the same time there is only expansion along the a -axis. Specific heat measurements reveal that an anomaly appears at about 220 ° C due to a phase transition. The thermal diffusivity increases slowly with increasing temperature. The thermal conductivity of the crystal has been calculated from these results, and the phonon mean free paths l a and l c along the a - and c -axes of Nd:CBN-28 crystal are estimated. The transmission spectrum of Nd:CBN-28 crystal along the [001] direction has been measured.

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Keywords

c -axes
 
c -axis
 
Ca
 
Czochralski method
 
effective segregation coefficients
 
good agreement
 
heating cycle
 
Nd-doped calcium barium niobate
 
phase transition
 
point group
 
space group
 
Specific heat measurements
 
tetragonal 4mm
 
theoretical value
 
thermal conductivity
 
thermal contraction
 
thermal diffusivity increases
 
thermal expansion
 
Thermal expansion measurements
 
transmission spectrum