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Abstract
We investigate the transmission performance of 160Gb/s dispersion managed quasi-linear system with different map strengths, which is determined by different dispersion map periods, different pulse duties, and different dispersion coefficients. And the explanations for the simulation results are represented.
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The dynamics of localized optical pulses in a strongly dispersion-managed fiber-optic communication system is studied. A multiscale
expansion on a perturbed nonlinear Schrödinger equation (PNLS) that includes the effects of loss, amplification and dispersion
management, is employed, and the dynamics of the pulse in the Fourier domain is decomposed into a rapidly varying phase and
slowly evolving amplitude. The fast component is calculated exactly, and a nonlocal equation for the slow evolution of the
amplitude is derived. The equation admits a two-parameter class of traveling wave solutions, called dispersion-managed solitons.
A comparison with numerical solutions of the original PNLS equation is discussed. The evolution and interactions of these
solitons are studied via numerical simulations of both the nonlocal NLS and the PNLS equations. It is found that interaction
can lead to serious nonadiabatic effects and soliton collapse. Pulse interactions are found to be strongly dependent upon
the values of the system parameters.
We investigate the phase noise in quasi-linear optical transmission system with periodic dispersion compensation and amplification. We find that stronger dispersion managed quasi-linear pulse yields lower phase noise. The analytical results obtained are verified by numerical simulations.
We simulated dispersion-managed soliton propagation and interaction in optical fibers. The energy-enhancement factor, together with the time-bandwidth product and the stretching factor, were calculated as a function of the difference in absolute values of accumulated dispersion in the fiber spans. The interaction strength of the dispersion-managed solitons was found to depend on the stretching factor. When this factor is less than 1.5, the interaction is weaker than for ideal solitons. When it is more than 1.5, there is a strong interaction between the pulses, which constrains the energy enhancement for practical applications.
The intrachannel cross-phase modulation (IXPM) and intrachannel four-wave mixing (IFWM) in dispersion managed quasi-linear systems is researched, and the role of the timing jitter induced by IXPM and the amplitude jitter and the ghost pulse induced by IFWM change with distance and dispersion map strength are analyzed theoretically. Then the theoretical analysis results are verified by the timing jitter, amplitude jitter and the generation of ghost pulse of a 2s-1 pseudorandom binary sequence (PRBS) by using fast Fourier transform method. Finally, the stable transmission of 1600 km is verified in dispersion managed quasi-linear systems with dispersion map strength of 127 by numerical simulations. The results are important for high speed transmission based on single-mode fiber.
The pseudo–linear transmission is a method for the transmission of high-speed time-division multiplexed (TDM) signals where fast variations of each channel waveform with cumulative dispersion allows important averaging of the intrachannel effects of fiber nonlinearity. The pseudo–linear transmission involves complex optimization of modulation format, dispersion mapping, and nonlinearity. These transmissions occupy a space somewhere between dispersion-mapped linear transmission and nonlinear soliton transmission. The pseudo-linear regime of transmission is characterized by a rapid pulse broadening, which results in a dramatic reduction of the solitonic effect on each pulse. As a result, full dispersion compensation can be used in this regime. Extensive analysis of pseudo-linear transmission and reviews of the TDM transmission experiments at 40 and 160 Gb/s have been provided in the chapter. Two new forms of nonlinear interactions between rapidly dispersing pulses namely intrachannel cross–phase modulation (IXPM) and intrachannel four–wave mixing (IFWM) are also presented. These two intrachannel effects are the most important nonlinear interactions in pseudo-linear transmission and determine the dispersion mapping even for the wavelength–division multiplexed (WDM) systems. Further, the chapter describes the semiconductor–based technologies that enable the development of stable and reliable high–speed transmitters and receivers.
The understanding and development of 160-Gb/s transmission systems requires the study of the impact of different dispersion compensation schemes on pulse propagation in nonlinear fiber. In this paper, we present an investigation of 160-Gb/s optical transmission systems, focusing on optimal propagation regimes, and in particular, we analyze different transmission limitations and dominant nonlinear effects by comparing quasi-linear and dispersion managed soliton systems. Two quasi-linear systems, one using nonzero dispersion-shifted fiber (NZDSF) and the other single-mode fiber (SMF), and one short-period (1 km) dispersion managed soliton (DMS) system are studied, both for single-channel and wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) transmission. First, the performance of the two quasi-linear systems in single-channel transmission are compared and it is shown that the NZDSF and SMF systems allow similar error-free transmission distances with only small differences in the intrachannel four-wave mixing (IFWM) induced amplitude jitter. The effect of pulsewidth on transmission performance in this regime was investigated and the use of shorter pulses was found to result in lower amplitude jitter. We analyzed the behavior of the DMS system and showed that the reduced pulse broadening during transmission allowed a significantly longer single-channel transmission distance with a smaller impact of nonlinearities compared to quasi-linear propagation. The sensitivity of the DMS system performance to statistical fluctuations in the fiber dispersion was studied and the results show the level of accuracy in the dispersion management map which must be ensured in these systems. Finally, the performance of the DMS in WDM transmission was investigated and it was found that it was subject to very large penalties increasing the minimum channel spacing possible because of the strong impact of interchannel cross-phase modulation (XPM).