The application of a notice-event model to improve classical exposure-annoyance estimation.

Abstract

Sound perception of humans is determined by a variety of factors such as intensity, frequency, temporal structure, masking and localization. Furthermore, a wide range of non-acoustical factors determine whether certain sounds are perceived as annoying. However, classical exposure-response determination for the assessment of annoyance and health effects is based on average sound levels - sometimes with applied penalties for evening and night noise (Lden). A research collaboration between Ghent University and the Medical University Innsbruck focuses on the improvement of exposure-annoyance modeling by including characteristics of the temporal structure and the attention of the involved human subjects. The basis for this work is the developed "notice-event-model" (De Coensel B et al. 2009). Intensive traffic modeling as input for extended individual noise mapping per dwelling allows to test the additional impact by the inclusion of derived acoustical indicators of the temporal pattern (Fluctuation, emergence) of the main sources (highway, main road, railway) and the human activity pattern to accommodate for masking and habituation (e.g. Notice Sound Exposure Level, notice time). This improved exposure assessment is compared with the existing classical exposure-response information from two large-scale surveys in Austrian alpine valleys. The results show that this approach is promising - but further development is needed.