Article

HIV-1 Antiretroviral Drug Therapy.

Ugandan CFAR Laboratories, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106.
Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine 04/2012; 2(4):a007161. DOI:10.1101/cshperspect.a007161
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT The most significant advance in the medical management of HIV-1 infection has been the treatment of patients with antiviral drugs, which can suppress HIV-1 replication to undetectable levels. The discovery of HIV-1 as the causative agent of AIDS together with an ever-increasing understanding of the virus replication cycle have been instrumental in this effort by providing researchers with the knowledge and tools required to prosecute drug discovery efforts focused on targeted inhibition with specific pharmacological agents. To date, an arsenal of 24 Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs are available for treatment of HIV-1 infections. These drugs are distributed into six distinct classes based on their molecular mechanism and resistance profiles: (1) nucleoside-analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), (2) non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), (3) integrase inhibitors, (4) protease inhibitors (PIs), (5) fusion inhibitors, and (6) coreceptor antagonists. In this article, we will review the basic principles of antiretroviral drug therapy, the mode of drug action, and the factors leading to treatment failure (i.e., drug resistance).

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Data provided are for informational purposes only. Although carefully collected, accuracy cannot be guaranteed. The impact factor represents a rough estimation of the journal's impact factor and does not reflect the actual current impact factor. Publisher conditions are provided by RoMEO. Differing provisions from the publisher's actual policy or licence agreement may be applicable.

Keywords

antiretroviral drug therapy
 
antiviral drugs
 
basic principles
 
causative agent
 
distinct classes
 
drug action
 
Drug Administration
 
drug discovery efforts
 
drug resistance
 
drugs
 
FDA)-approved drugs
 
HIV-1 infection
 
HIV-1 infections
 
HIV-1 replication
 
medical management
 
molecular mechanism
 
resistance profiles
 
significant advance
 
specific pharmacological agents
 
virus replication cycle