Article

Diminished CD4+/CD25+ T cell and increased IFN-γ levels occur in dogs vaccinated with Leishmune® in an endemic area for visceral leishmaniasis

Departamento de Clínica, Cirugia e Reproduçãp Animal, Faculdade de Odontologia, Curso de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Araçatuba Campus, SP, Brazil; Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil; Departamento de Apoio, Produção e Saúde, Faculdade de Odontologia, Curso de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Araçatuba Campus, SP, Brazil; Departamento de Medicina Preventiva da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brazil
Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology (impact factor: 2.08). 06/2010; DOI:10.1016/j.vetimm.2009.12.008 pp.296-302

ABSTRACT The Leishmune® vaccine has been used in endemic areas to prevent canine visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil, but cytokine production induced by vaccination has rarely been investigated in dogs. This study aimed to evaluate the immune response of dogs vaccinated with Leishmune FML vaccine (Fort Dodge) against total antigen of Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi (TAg) and FML. Twenty healthy dogs from Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil, an endemic leishmaniasis area, received three consecutive subcutaneous injection of Leishmune vaccine at 21-day intervals. PBMC were isolated before and 10 days after completing vaccination and lymphoproliferative response and antibody production against FML or total promastigote antigen were tested. Cytokines IFN-γ, IL-4 and TNF-α were measured in culture supernatant and CD4+/CD25+ and CD8+/CD25+ T cell presence was determined. Analysis of the data indicated that the vaccine conferred humoral responses (100%) against both antigens and cellular immunity to FML (85%) and total antigen (80%), the supernatant of cultured cells stimulated with TAg and FML showed an increase in IFN-γ (P < 0.05), and the vaccine reduced CD4+/CD25+ T cell presence compared to that observed before vaccination. These responses may constitute part of the immune mechanism induced by Leishmune.

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Keywords

antibody production
 
canine visceral leishmaniasis
 
cellular immunity
 
consecutive subcutaneous injection
 
culture supernatant
 
cytokine production induced
 
Cytokines IFN-γ
 
endemic areas
 
endemic leishmaniasis area
 
Fort Dodge
 
humoral responses
 
immune mechanism induced
 
immune response
 
Leishmune FML vaccine
 
Leishmune vaccine
 
Leishmune® vaccine
 
lymphoproliferative response
 
responses
 
total antigen
 
total promastigote antigen