Article

Single nucleotide polymorphisms in multiple sclerosis: disease susceptibility and treatment response biomarkers.

Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Dr Subotica 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Immunologic Research (impact factor: 3.03). 03/2012; 52(1-2):42-52. DOI:10.1007/s12026-012-8273-y pp.42-52
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system characterized by unpredictable and variable clinical course. Etiology of MS involves both genetic and environmental factors. New technologies identified genetic polymorphisms associated with MS susceptibility among which immunologically relevant genes are significantly overrepresented. Although individual genes contribute only a small part to MS susceptibility, they might be used as biomarkers, thus helping to identify accurate diagnosis, predict clinical disease course and response to therapy. This review focuses on recent progress in research on MS genetics with special emphasis on the possibility to use single nucleotide polymorphism of candidate genes as biomarkers of susceptibility to disease and response to therapy.

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Keywords

accurate diagnosis
 
biomarkers
 
central nervous system
 
chronic inflammatory demyelinating
 
clinical disease course
 
environmental factors
 
genetic polymorphisms
 
MS genetics
 
MS susceptibility
 
Multiple sclerosis
 
recent progress
 
small part
 
special emphasis
 
unpredictable
 
use single nucleotide polymorphism
 
variable clinical course