Article

Effects of n-3 PUFA supplementation on plasma soluble adhesion molecules: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Department of Cardiology, Bethune First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun City, China.
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (impact factor: 6.67). 02/2012; 95(4):972-80. DOI:10.3945/ajcn.111.025924 pp.972-80
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT Previous studies indicate that oral supplementation with n-3 PUFA protects against atherosclerotic disease by inhibiting inflammatory processes, which underlie atherosclerosis and are reflected by the plasma concentrations of soluble adhesion molecules. However, consistent results were not obtained among studies.
The objective was to assess the effects of n-3 PUFA supplementation on plasma concentrations of soluble adhesion molecules.
We conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials identified from PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and reference lists of relevant articles and reviews.
Eighteen studies were included. n-3 PUFA supplementation reduced plasma concentrations of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 [sICAM-1; weighted mean difference (WMD): -5.17; 95% CI: -10.07, -0.27; P = 0.04] but had no significant effects on soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (WMD: -5.90; 95% CI: -17.63, 5.84; P = 0.32), soluble P-selectin (WMD: -1.53; 95% CI: -4.33, 1.28; P = 0.29), or soluble E-selectin (WMD: 0.46; 95% CI: -1.54, 2.46; P = 0.65). Subgroup analysis stratified by the subjects' health status showed that n-3 PUFA supplementation reduced sICAM-1 concentrations in healthy subjects (WMD: -8.87; 95% CI: -15.20, -2.53; P = 0.006; heterogeneity test: I² = 0%, P = 0.76) and in subjects with dyslipidemia (WMD: -15.31; 95% CI: -26.82, -3.81; P = 0.009; heterogeneity test: I² = 26%, P = 0.26).
n-3 PUFA supplementation can reduce plasma concentrations of sICAM-1. The effect is identified in both healthy subjects and subjects with dyslipidemia, which supports the hypothesis that n-3 PUFA can be supplemented as a primary or secondary means for preventing the development as well as the progression of atherosclerosis.

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    Article: Association of High w-6/w-3 Fatty Acid Ratio Diet with Causes of Death Due to Noncommunicable Diseases Among Urban Decedents in north India
    Jan Fedacko, Viola Vargova, Ram B Singh, Baby Anjum, Toru Takahashi, Miki Tongnuka, Suniti Dharwadkar, Surendra Singh, Vijendra Singh, Shallendra K Kulshresth, Fabien De Meester, Douglas W Wilson
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    ABSTRACT: Introduction: There is evidence that the Western type of diet has adverse effects, and prudent dietary patterns may have beneficial effects against deaths from cardiovascular and other chronic diseases. In the present study, we examine the association of dietary patterns with causes of deaths among urban decedents in north India. Subjects and Methods: Randomly selected records of death of 2222 (1385 men and 837 women) decedents, aged 25-64 years, were examined. Clinical data and causes of death were assessed by a questionnaire based on available hospital records and a modified WHO verbal autopsy questionnaire. Dietary intakes of the dead individuals were estimated by finding out the food intake of the spouse from 3-day dietary diaries and by asking probing questions about differences in food intake by the decedents. Results: The score for intake of prudent foods was significantly greater and the ratio of w-6/w-3 fatty acids of the diet significantly lower for deaths due to 'injury' and accidental causes compared to deaths due to non-communicable diseases (NCD). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that after adjustment for age, total prudent foods (OR,CI: 1.11;1.06-1.18 men; 109;1.04-1.16 women) as well as fruits, vegetables, legumes and nuts (1.07; 1.02-1.12 men; 1.05; 1.99-1.11 women) were independently, inversely associated whereas Western type foods (1.02; 0.95-1.09 men; 1.00; 0.94-1.06 women); meat and eggs(1.00-0.94-1.06 men; 0.98; 0.93-1.04 women) and refined carbohydrates (0.98; 0.91-1.05 men, 0.95; 0.89-1.02 women) and high w-6/w-3 ratio of fatty acids were positively associated with deaths due to NCDs. Conclusions: Increased intake of high w-6/w-3 ratio Western type foods and decline in prudent foods intake may be a risk factor for deaths due to NCDs.
    The Open Nutraceuticals Journal 01/2012; 5:113-123 ( ISSN 1876-3960).
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Keywords

atherosclerotic disease
 
consistent results
 
healthy subjects
 
heterogeneity test
 
inhibiting inflammatory processes
 
n-3 PUFA
 
n-3 PUFA supplementation
 
oral supplementation
 
plasma concentrations
 
Previous studies
 
relevant articles
 
sICAM-1 concentrations
 
significant effects
 
soluble adhesion molecules
 
soluble E-selectin
 
soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 [sICAM-1
 
soluble P-selectin
 
soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1
 
subjects' health status
 
underlie atherosclerosis
 

Yang Yang