Article

Reconstruction with the latissimus dorsi flap after skin-sparing mastectomy.

Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 35294, USA.
Annals of Plastic Surgery (impact factor: 1.32). 04/2001; 46(3):229-33. pp.229-33
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT The latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous island flap was once the standard for breast reconstruction. With the increased use of tissue expanders and the development of the transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap for autologous tissue breast reconstruction, use of the latissimus dorsi has decreased. To reassess the role of the latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flap in breast reconstruction, a retrospective review was performed to evaluate women who had skin-sparing mastectomy followed by immediate reconstruction with a latissimus dorsi flap and permanent implants. The postoperative aesthetic results and donor site morbidity, including contour deformity and scarring, were examined. Satisfactory results were obtained in 17 of 18 patients. Complications were noted in 5 patients, and all were minor. Using the latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flap and a permanent breast prosthesis for immediate reconstruction is successful because it provides sufficient muscular coverage of the implant. In addition, it provides a good aesthetic result using a single-stage procedure. Illustrative cases are presented.

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    Article: Application and refinement of the superior gluteal artery perforator free flap for bilateral simultaneous breast reconstruction.
    Frank J DellaCroce, Scott K Sullivan
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    ABSTRACT: The gluteal artery perforator free flap represents the state of the art in autogenous breast reconstruction for the patient with insufficient abdominal donor tissue. Preservation of the gluteal musculature limits morbidity and allows for rapid patient recovery. The need for intraoperative repositioning has historically limited gluteal artery perforator flap breast reconstruction to one breast per operation. This results from a desire to avoid marathon surgical times when the flaps are dissected out sequentially and/or having the patient lie on the first reconstructed breast as the second flap is harvested. Prior protocols have relied on staging the reconstructions weeks apart to address these concerns. This is a significant issue for patients requiring bilateral mastectomy and results in the patient being subjected to two major sequential operations and their associated recoveries. The authors describe their experience and associated technical considerations with an initial 20 patients (40 flaps). The average operative time was 7 hours 47 minutes (excluding mastectomy). There were no vascular complications and no flap failures. Bilateral simultaneous gluteal artery perforator flap breast reconstruction may be performed safely with reproducible success and a complication rate that is comparable to that of other commonly performed autogenous tissue techniques. This report represents the largest described experience to date and the first dedicated treatise on a protocol that provides significant advantages and an option that has heretofore been unavailable to this group of patients.
    Plastic and reconstructive surgery 08/2005; 116(1):97-103; discussion 104-5. · 2.74 Impact Factor
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Keywords

18 patients
 
autologous tissue breast reconstruction
 
breast reconstruction
 
contour deformity
 
donor site morbidity
 
good aesthetic result
 
Illustrative cases
 
increased use
 
latissimus dorsi
 
latissimus dorsi flap
 
latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flap
 
latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous island flap
 
permanent breast prosthesis
 
permanent implants
 
postoperative aesthetic results
 
Satisfactory results
 
sufficient muscular coverage
 
tissue expanders
 
transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap