Article

Predictors, prodromes and incidence of postpartum depression.

Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA.
Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynecology (impact factor: 1.39). 07/2001; 22(2):103-12. pp.103-12
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of clinically significant depression occurring between 1 and 4 months postpartum and to investigate whether somatic complaints, subsyndromal depressive symptoms, or birth-related concerns among non-depressed women at 1 month were predictive of postpartum depression. This is a prospective cohort study of 465 women from the Wisconsin Maternity Leave and Health Project (WMLHP). Women who were not depressed at 1 month postpartum were reassessed 3 months later for depression occurring at any time in the interval between 1 and 4 months postpartum. Depression was defined as either meeting the criteria for major depression on the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Diagnostic interview Schedule (DIS) or scoring above 15 on the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Physical symptoms were assessed by an adapted Health Responses Scale. Other measures were developed specifically for the WMLHP. Of 465 women, 27 (5.8%) became clinically depressed between 1 and 4 months postpartum. In a logistic regression analysis, four variables (maternal age, depression during pregnancy, thoughts of death and dying at 1 month postpartum, and difficulty falling asleep at 1 month postpartum) were predictive of depression at 4 months postpartum. Breast-feeding, mode of delivery, family income, parity and mother's education did not predict depression. The existence of subsyndromal depressive symptoms, particularly thoughts of death and dying, may represent a prodromal phase of depression and should alert clinicians to the possibility of future postpartum depression. Women with a history of depression during pregnancy should be monitored for signs of postpartum depression for a minimum of 4 months. Obstetricians are in a unique position during the postpartum check-up to screen women for these predictors of future postpartum depression and possibly to avert the development of a clinically significant depressive episode.

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    A Faisal-Cury, A L Lauletta, I Datti, A F Oliveira, H Huang, P R Menezes
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    Article: Perinatal depression in a cohort study on Iranian women.
    Gholam Reza Kheirabadi, Mohamad Reza Maracy
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    Journal of research in medical sciences 01/2010; 15(1):41-9. · 0.46 Impact Factor

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Keywords

4 months
 
adapted Health Responses Scale
 
clinically depressed
 
clinically significant depression
 
clinically significant depressive episode
 
Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale
 
family income
 
future postpartum depression
 
Health Project
 
logistic regression analysis
 
major depression
 
maternal age
 
Mental Health
 
mother's education
 
National Institute
 
non-depressed women
 
postpartum depression
 
prospective cohort study
 
screen women
 
subsyndromal depressive symptoms