Article

Selective angiotensin II receptor antagonism reduces insulin resistance in obese Zucker rats.

Muscle Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA.
Hypertension (impact factor: 6.21). 10/2001; 38(4):884-90. pp.884-90
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT Effects of oral administration of the angiotensin II receptor antagonist (selective AT(1)-subtype) irbesartan on glucose tolerance and insulin action on skeletal-muscle glucose transport were assessed in the insulin-resistant obese Zucker rat. In the acute study, obese rats received either vehicle (water) or irbesartan 1 hour before the experiment. Although irbesartan had no effect on glucose transport (2-deoxyglucose uptake) in the epitrochlearis muscle, which consists mainly of type IIb fibers, acute angiotensin II receptor antagonism led to a dose-dependent increase in insulin action in the predominantly type I soleus muscle. Irbesartan at 25 and 50 mg/kg induced significant increases (41% and 50%, respectively; P<0.05) in insulin-mediated glucose transport. Moreover, these acute irbesartan-induced improvements in soleus-muscle glucose transport were associated with enhancements in whole-body insulin sensitivity (r=-0.732; P<0.05), as assessed during an oral glucose tolerance test. After chronic administration of irbesartan (21 days at 50 mg. kg(-1). d(-1)), glucose tolerance was enhanced further, and insulin-mediated glucose transport was significantly elevated in both epitrochlearis (32%) and soleus (73%) muscle. Chronic angiotensin II receptor antagonism was associated with significant increases in glucose transporter-4 (GLUT-4) protein expression in soleus (22%) and plantaris (20%) muscle and myocardium (15%). Chronic irbesartan-induced increases in whole-body insulin sensitivity were associated with increased insulin-mediated glucose transport in both epitrochlearis (r=-0.677; P<0.05) and soleus (r=-0.892; P<0.05) muscle. In summary, angiotensin II receptor (AT(1)-subtype) antagonism, either acutely or chronically, improves glucose tolerance, at least in part because of an enhancement in skeletal-muscle glucose transport, and the effect of chronic angiotensin II receptor antagonism on type I skeletal-muscle glucose uptake is associated with an increase in GLUT-4 protein expression.

0 0
 · 
0 Bookmarks
 · 
40 Views
  • Source
    Article: The metabolic syndrome, oxidative stress, environment, and cardiovascular disease: the great exploration.
    Rebecca Hutcheson, Petra Rocic
    [show abstract] [hide abstract]
    ABSTRACT: The metabolic syndrome affects 30% of the US population with increasing prevalence. In this paper, we explore the relationship between the metabolic syndrome and the incidence and severity of cardiovascular disease in general and coronary artery disease (CAD) in particular. Furthermore, we look at the impact of metabolic syndrome on outcomes of coronary revascularization therapies including CABG, PTCA, and coronary collateral development. We also examine the association between the metabolic syndrome and its individual component pathologies and oxidative stress. Related, we explore the interaction between the main external sources of oxidative stress, cigarette smoke and air pollution, and metabolic syndrome and the effect of this interaction on CAD. We discuss the apparent lack of positive effect of antioxidants on cardiovascular outcomes in large clinical trials with emphasis on some of the limitations of these trials. Finally, we present evidence for successful use of antioxidant properties of pharmacological agents, including metformin, statins, angiotensin II type I receptor blockers (ARBs), and angiotensin II converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, for prevention and treatment of the cardiovascular complications of the metabolic syndrome.
    Experimental Diabetes Research 01/2012; 2012:271028. · 1.20 Impact Factor
  • Source
    Article: Acute angiotensin II receptor blockade improves insulin-induced microvascular function in hypertensive individuals.
    Amy M Jonk, Alfons J Houben, Nicolaas C Schaper, Peter W de Leeuw, Erik H Serné, Yvo M Smulders, Coen D Stehouwer
    [show abstract] [hide abstract]
    ABSTRACT: An effect of insulin that is crucial for stimulating glucose uptake is its ability to increase the number of perfused capillaries, and thereby enhance its own delivery, and that of glucose, to muscle cells. To unravel possible mechanisms involved in the insulin-sensitizing effects of angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) in hypertensive individuals we investigated the effect of single-dose ARB administration on insulin-mediated microvascular perfusion in hypertensive individuals. We examined the effects of ARB administration on hyperinsulinemia-associated capillary density by measuring baseline skin capillary density, capillary density during reactive hyperemia (hyperemic capillary recruitment), and capillary density during venous congestion in 17 hypertensive individuals in the basal state, during a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp, and during a hyperinsulinemic clamp with acute ARB administration (600 mg irbesartan), acute calcium channel blockade (CCB; 10mg felodipine ER), as a control for the reduction in blood pressure, or placebo. In addition, insulin sensitivity and blood pressure were measured. Compared to the basal state, hyperinsulinemia increased baseline capillary density (57.3 ± 6.8 vs. 60.3 ± 7.9 n/mm(2), P<0.01), but not hyperemic capillary recruitment. ARB and CCB treatment induced similar blood pressure reductions. Compared to placebo, ARB, but not CCB, increased hyperinsulinemia-associated baseline capillary density (+2.3 ± 3.4 (P=0.02) and -0.4 ± 4.4n/mm(2), respectively). Hyperinsulinemia-associated hyperemic capillary recruitment was not altered by either treatment. Compared to placebo, neither ARB nor CCB treatment enhanced insulin sensitivity. Acute ARB administration increases insulin-induced microvascular perfusion in mildly hypertensive individuals; this beneficial effect on microvascular perfusion was however not associated with increased insulin-mediated glucose uptake.
    Microvascular Research 07/2011; 82(1):77-83. · 2.83 Impact Factor
  • Source
    Dataset: Akt nitr PLOSone
    Alfredo Csibi, David Communi, Nathalie Müller, Serge P Bottari

Show more

Data provided are for informational purposes only. Although carefully collected, accuracy cannot be guaranteed. The impact factor represents a rough estimation of the journal's impact factor and does not reflect the actual current impact factor. Publisher conditions are provided by RoMEO. Differing provisions from the publisher's actual policy or licence agreement may be applicable.

Keywords

acute angiotensin II receptor antagonism
 
acute irbesartan-induced improvements
 
acute study
 
angiotensin II receptor
 
angiotensin II receptor antagonist
 
chronic administration
 
chronic angiotensin II receptor antagonism
 
Chronic irbesartan-induced increases
 
dose-dependent increase
 
epitrochlearis muscle
 
GLUT-4 protein expression
 
insulin-mediated glucose transport
 
insulin-resistant obese Zucker rat
 
irbesartan 1 hour
 
oral administration
 
oral glucose tolerance test
 
skeletal-muscle glucose transport
 
soleus-muscle glucose transport
 
type IIb fibers
 
whole-body insulin sensitivity