Article

Neuroeffector mechanisms involved in the regulation of dog splenic arterial tone.

Department of Pharmacology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.
Journal of Pharmacological Sciences (impact factor: 2.08). 07/2003; 92(2):84-92. pp.84-92
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT It has been recognized that sympathetic neurons release several transmitters but mainly adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP), noradrenaline, and neuropeptide Y (NPY). Recently, we reported that periarterial nerve electrical stimulation (PNS) produced biphasic vasoconstrictions consisting of an initial transient, predominantly P2X-purinoceptor-mediated constriction followed by a prolonged, alpha(1)-adrenoceptor-mediated one in canine isolated splenic arteries. In this article, we tried to analyze the effects of several selective key drugs that influence the PNS-induced responses, and we functionally showed sympathetic transmitter releasing mechanisms by pharmacological analysis using purinergic, adrenergic, and NPYergic agonists and antagonists.

0 0
 · 
0 Bookmarks
 · 
12 Views
  • Source
    Article: An update on cardiovascular adrenergic receptor physiology and potential pharmacological applications in veterinary critical care
    Kathryn M. Long, Rebecca Kirby
    [show abstract] [hide abstract]
    ABSTRACT: Objective: To review the recent human and veterinary literature on current adrenergic receptor physiology/pathophysiology and potential applications in veterinary critical care.Data sources: Human and veterinary clinical studies, reviews, texts, and recent research in receptor molecular biology.Human data synthesis: Recent development of molecular cloning and other biological research techniques has advanced the field of adrenergic physiology. The past decade of research has made available new knowledge of adrenergic receptor subtypes as well as their locations and functions. Many of the diagnostic compounds used in biochemical research to distinguish between α- and β-receptor subtypes may emerge as important additions to the arsenal of cardiovascular pharmaceuticals.Veterinary data synthesis: Veterinary adrenoceptor research is typically directed at investigating the effects of commercially available medications. Such studies demonstrate important species differences in addition to potential side effects and new indications for therapy. Many of the human molecular biology studies are performed on animal species, which can have direct application to veterinary medicine.Conclusions: Proper cardiovascular responses are essential to maintaining tissue perfusion and cellular homeostasis. α- and β-adrenergic receptors play a vital role not only in the pathophysiology but also in the therapy of diseases involving the cardiovascular system. For adrenergic pharmacotherapy to be successfully used, a thorough understanding of the mechanisms underlying adrenoceptor physiology is necessary. Recent research has illuminated various subsets within the α- and β-receptor classifications. Awareness of currently available and emerging adrenoceptor subtype-specific treatment options allows precise pharmacologic targeting of disease processes in critical illness.
    Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care. 01/2008; 18(1):2 - 25.
Data provided are for informational purposes only. Although carefully collected, accuracy cannot be guaranteed. The impact factor represents a rough estimation of the journal's impact factor and does not reflect the actual current impact factor. Publisher conditions are provided by RoMEO. Differing provisions from the publisher's actual policy or licence agreement may be applicable.

Keywords

adenosine 5'-triphosphate
 
biphasic vasoconstrictions
 
initial transient
 
neuropeptide Y
 
P2X-purinoceptor-mediated constriction
 
periarterial nerve electrical stimulation
 
pharmacological analysis
 
PNS-induced responses
 
selective key drugs
 
splenic arteries
 
sympathetic neurons release
 

Shigetoshi Chiba