Article

Ischemic preconditioning: infarct size is a more reliable endpoint than functional recovery.

Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, PO Box 19063, Tygerberg 7505, Republic of South Africa.
Archiv für Kreislaufforschung (impact factor: 7.35). 10/2003; 98(5):337-46. DOI:10.1007/s00395-003-0427-6 pp.337-46
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT The search for the mechanism of preconditioning-induced cardioprotection has been hampered by controversial results obtained by workers using different animal species, experimental models, protocols and endpoints. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of the perfusion model (retrograde vs working), the infarct size and severity of ischaemia (regional vs global) as well as the endpoint (functional recovery vs infarct size) in preconditioning. The isolated perfused rat heart was preconditioned by 3 x 5 min global ischaemia, followed by different periods of regional or global ischaemia and reperfusion. Ischaemic preconditioning of working hearts resulted in increased functional recovery after 25-35 min global ischaemia, while retrogradely perfused hearts showed no significant improvement (except after 30 min global ischaemia). In addition, the percentage reduction in functional performance during reperfusion observed in the latter group was significantly less than in working hearts. Hearts were also subjected to regional ischaemia, perfused in either retrograde or working mode and infarct size determined. Regionally ischaemic working as well as retrogradely perfused hearts when preconditioned showed a significant increase in functional recovery after 35 min ischaemia only. In contrast to global ischaemia, the percentage recovery in mechanical performance of regionally ischaemic hearts was not affected by the mode of perfusion. Preconditioning of working hearts caused a significant reduction in infarct size after both 30 and 35 min ischaemia. However, preconditioned retrogradely perfused hearts showed a significant decline in infarct size after 35 min regional ischaemia only. In conclusion, the effect of the perfusion mode on functional recovery is dependent on the size and severity of ischaemia. It also affects the ischaemic time at which infarct size reduction by prior preconditioning occurs in the retrogradely perfused heart.

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Keywords

25-35 min global ischaemia
 
30 min global ischaemia
 
35 min ischaemia
 
35 min regional ischaemia
 
controversial results
 
functional performance
 
functional recovery
 
global ischaemia
 
infarct size reduction
 
ischaemic time
 
mechanical performance
 
percentage recovery
 
percentage reduction
 
perfusion model
 
preconditioned retrogradely perfused hearts
 
preconditioning-induced cardioprotection
 
regional ischaemia
 
Regionally ischaemic
 
regionally ischaemic hearts
 
retrogradely perfused hearts
 

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