Todd E Hogue

Publications (22) View all

• Article: Sexual Cognition Guides Viewing Strategies to Human Figures.

  Charlotte L Hall, Todd Hogue, Kun Guo
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  ABSTRACT: Gaze patterns to figure images have been proposed to reflect the observer's sexual interest, particularly for men. This eye-tracking study investigated how individual differences in sexual motivation tendencies are manifested in naturalistic gaze patterns. Heterosexual men and women (M = 21.0 years, SD = 2.1) free-viewed plain-clothed male and female figures, aged 10, 20, and 40 years old, while their eye movements were recorded. Questionnaires were used to measure sexual cognitions, including sensation seeking and sexual compulsivity, sexual inhibition and excitation, and approach and avoidance responses to sexual stimuli. Our analysis showed a clear role of sexual cognitions in influencing gaze strategies for men. Specifically, men who scored higher on sexual compulsivity dedicated more gaze to the waist-hip region when viewing figures of their preferred sexual partners than men who scored lower on sexual compulsivity. Women's sexual cognitions showed no clear effect on the gaze pattern in viewing figures of their preferred age and gender of sexual partners, suggesting women's gaze is unlikely to be a straightforward reflection of their sexual preferences. The findings further suggest that men's gaze allocation is driven by sexual preferences and supports the utility of eye tracking in the assessment of male sexual interest.
  The Journal of Sex Research 11/2012; · 2.53 Impact Factor
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  Available from: Todd E Hogue

  Article: Differential gaze behavior towards sexually preferred and non-preferred human figures.

  Charlotte Hall, Todd Hogue, Kun Guo
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  ABSTRACT: The gaze pattern associated with image exploration is a sensitive index of our attention, motivation, and preference. To examine whether an individual's gaze behavior can reflect his or her sexual interest, this study compared gaze patterns of young heterosexual men and women (M = 19.94 years, SD = 1.05) while they viewed photographs of plain-clothed male and female figures aged from birth to 60 years old. The analysis revealed a clear gender difference in viewing sexually preferred figure images. Men displayed a distinctive gaze pattern only when viewing 20-year-old female images, with more fixations and longer viewing times dedicated to the upper body and waist-hip regions. Women also directed more attention at the upper body on female images in comparison to male images, but this difference was not age-specific. Analysis of local image salience revealed that observers' eye-scanning strategies could not be accounted for by low-level processes, such as analyzing local image contrast and structure, but were associated with attractiveness judgments. The results suggest that the difference in cognitive processing of sexually preferred and non-preferred figures can be manifested in gaze patterns associated with figure viewing. Thus, eye-tracking holds promise as a potential sensitive measure for sexual preference, particularly in men.
  The Journal of Sex Research 10/2010; 48(5):461-9. · 2.53 Impact Factor
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  Available from: Todd E Hogue

  Article: Structural, item, and test generalizability of the psychopathy checklist--revised to offenders with intellectual disabilities.

  Catrin Morrissey, David Cooke, Christine Michie, Clive Hollin, Todd Hogue, William R Lindsay, John L Taylor
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  ABSTRACT: The Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R) is the most widely used measure of psychopathy in forensic clinical practice, but the generalizability of the measure to offenders with intellectual disabilities (ID) has not been clearly established. This study examined the structural equivalence and scalar equivalence of the PCL-R in a sample of 185 male offenders with ID in forensic mental health settings, as compared with a sample of 1,212 male prisoners without ID. Three models of the PCL-R's factor structure were evaluated with confirmatory factor analysis. The 3-factor hierarchical model of psychopathy was found to be a good fit to the ID PCL-R data, whereas neither the 4-factor model nor the traditional 2-factor model fitted. There were no cross-group differences in the factor structure, providing evidence of structural equivalence. However, item response theory analyses indicated metric differences in the ratings of psychopathy symptoms between the ID group and the comparison prisoner group. This finding has potential implications for the interpretation of PCL-R scores obtained with people with ID in forensic psychiatric settings.
  Assessment 10/2009; 17(1):16-29. · 2.01 Impact Factor
• Article: A response to Dr. Gudjonsson's commentary

  Mats Dernevik, Alison Beck, Martin Grann, Todd Hogue, James McGuire
  Journal of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology 08/2009; 20(4):520-522. · 0.88 Impact Factor
• Article: A comparison of offenders with intellectual disability across three levels of security

  Todd Hogue, Lesley Steptoe, John L. Taylor, William R. Lindsay, Paul Mooney, Lisa Pinkney, Susan Johnston, Anne H.W. Smith, Gregory O'Brien
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  ABSTRACT: Background A number of authors have described, with disparate results, the prevalence of people with intellectual disability and their characteristics, in a range of offender cohorts defined by service use. These have included high security, a range of criminal justice services and community services. There is a need for research comparing cohorts of offenders with intellectual disabilities across different settings.Aim and hypothesis To conduct such a comparison and test the hypothesis that severity of characteristics measured will be highest in highest levels of residential security.Method A clinical-record-based comparison a offenders with intellectual disability in high security (n = 73), medium/low security (n = 70), and a community service (n = 69).Results Groups were similar in age and tested IQ levels. Early psychiatric service contact had been more likely in the lower security groups. In line with the hypothesis, more complex presentations, in particular comorbid personality disorder, was more likely in the highest security group. Both fatal and non-fatal interpersonal violence convictions were significantly related to group, with more in the high security group sustaining a conviction both at the index offence and prior to that. Over 50% of all groups had at least one conviction for a sexual offence. A regression model accounting for 78% of the variance was made up largely of disposal variables (Mental Health Act status and probation) and indications of antisocial traits (criminal damage, lifetime conviction for murder and ICD-10 personality disorder classification).Conclusions and implications for practice The authors show that context of sampling affects most relationships between intellectual disability (ID) and offending when the methods for measuring ID are held constant. The results also present several questions on the relationship between risk, services available in an area and referral to higher security. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
  Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health 02/2006; 16(1):13 - 28. · 1.28 Impact Factor