Publications (13) View all
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Article: Wheat bran extracts: a potent source of natural antioxidants for the stabilization of canola oil
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ABSTRACT: In the present work, the antioxidant activity of different solvent extracts of wheat (var. Inqalab 91) bran was evaluated following different antioxidant assays using canola oil as the oxidation substrate. The bran samples were extracted with 80% and 100% methanol and acetone. A preliminary assessment of the antioxidant activity of the 80 and 100% acetone and methanolic extracts of wheat bran was done by the measurement of % inhibition of peroxidation in a linoleic acid system, total phenolic contents (TPC) and bleachability of β-carotene in the linoleic acid system. Additionally, the canola oil samples were stabilized with crude concentrated extracts and subjected to ambient aging (6 months). The extent of oxidative deterioration was followed by the measurement of peroxide-, p-anisidine-, conjugated dienes-, and trienes- values. The results of ambient stored samples revealed a significant improvement in these oxidation parameters. The overall order of antioxidant activity of the extracts as determined by various antioxidant assays was determined to be; 80% methanolic extract > 100% methanolic extract > 80% acetone extracts . 100% acetone extract. The results of the present comprehensive analysis demonstrate that extracts of the wheat bran indigenous to Pakistan are a viable source of natural antioxidants and might be exploited for commercial and neutraceutical applications.En el presente trabajo la actividad antioxidante de diferentes extractos obtenidos con disolventes del salvado de trigo (var. Inqalab 91) fue evaluada mediante diferentes ensayos antioxidantes y aceite de canola como substrato de oxidación. Las muestras de salvado fueron extraídas con metanol y acetona al 80% y al 100%. La evaluación preliminar de la actividad antioxidante de los extractos de metanol y de acetona al 80% y 100% fue hecha mediante la medida del % de inhibición de la peroxidación en un sistema con ácido linoleico, el contenido total de fenoles (TPC) y el blanqueamiento de β-carotene en un sistema con ácido linoleico. Además, las muestras de aceite de canola fueron estabilizadas con extractos crudos concentrados y sometidos a envejecimiento ambiental (6 meses). La extensión del deterioro oxidativo fue seguido mediante la medida del índice de peróxidos, de p-anisidine y de dienos y trienos congugados. Los resultados de las muestras almacenadas a temperatura ambiente revelaron una significativa mejora en los parámetros de oxidación. El orden general de actividad antioxidante de los extractos, determinados por varios métodos antioxidantes, fue el siguiente: extracto metanólico 80% > extracto metanólico 100% > extracto acetona 80% . extracto acetona 100%. Los resultados de los análisis demuestran que los extractos de salvado de trigo autóctono de Pakistán son una fuente viable de antioxidantes naturales y podría ser usado en aplicaciones comerciales y neutracéticas.Grasas y Aceites. 01/2011; -
Article: Spectrophotometric Quantification of Antioxidant Phytochemicals in Juices from Four Different Varieties of Citrus limon, Indigenous to Pakistan
Journal- Chemical Society of Pakistan 01/2011; 33((2),):188. · 1.38 Impact Factor -
Article: Extracto de salvado de trigo: una potente fuente de antioxidantes naturales para la estabilización del aceite de canola
Grasas y Aceites 01/2011; 62(2):190-197. · 1.14 Impact Factor -
Article: Security Issues for Voice over IP Systems
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ABSTRACT: Firewalls, Network Address Translation (NAT), and encryption produce Quality of Service (QoS) issues which are the basic building block to the operations of a VOIP system. There are two major non proprietary standards used for VoIP communications. They are H.323 and Session Initiation Protocol (SIP). Firewalls, NAT, and Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are used to filter unwanted packets in VoIP environment. To provide defense against an internal hacker, another layer of defense is necessary at the protocol level to protect the data itself. In VOIP, as in data networks, this can be accomplished by encrypting the packets at the IP level using IPSec. As VoIP is an IP based technology that utilizes the Internet it also inherits all associated IP vulnerabilities. This research paper focus on different security issues associated with voice over IP system.International Journal of Computer and Network Security. 01/2010; -
Article: Superficial bladder tumours: recurrence and progression.
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ABSTRACT: To determine various presentations of superficial bladder cancer, its management, recurrence and progression rates. Case series. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Urology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, from January 2002 to December 2009. Patients with pathologically proven superficial transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) with minimal 2 years of follow-up were included. Their clinical presentations and management was recorded. Complete transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT) was attempted in all patients. Tumour grading and staging was performed. Intra-vesical single instillation of Mitomycin-C was given postoperatively in selected patients. Cystoscopic surveillance was used to assess recurrence in all patients according to standard protocol. Metastatic work-up and biopsy record of follow-up TURBT was used to document progression in high risk patients. Results were described as simple descriptive statistics. A total of 92 patients were studied. The median age of patient was 62 years, with male preponderance (88%). Hematuria with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) was most common presentation (47.8%), followed by hematuria alone (25.7%), LUTS alone (9.2%) and upper tract symptom in 1.8% of patients. Complete TURBT in first attempt was possible in 72 patients (78.3%). Multiple tumours were seen in 34 patients (39.6%). Intravesical mitomycin was given in 70% patients. Over-all recurrence rate of 68.4% was noted. Patients with TaG2-3 showed recurrence rate of 58.8% which occurred late with good recurrence free interval. T1G2-3 patients have more and early recurrences (80.4%). Progression seen in 13 patients (14%), 6 patients have up-grading, four showed stage progression, one developed pelvic lymphadenopathy and another one had bone metastasis. One female patient (TaG2) developed right renal pelvic recurrence and progression while her bladder disease was well controlled. The number of patients with T1 disease was 45% in this study which is comparatively higher than other studies. Early recurrences and progression were observed with T1G2-3, while late recurrence were seen with Ta disease, having tumour free interval between 6 months to 2 years. Early radical cystectomy was advised to T1G3 disease and with multiple recurrences, but patient's compliance was poor..Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan: JCPSP 03/2011; 21(3):157-60. · 0.34 Impact Factor
