Samuel Asagba
Research interests
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Interestsbiological sciences, Medical Science, Toxic Metals
Publications
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0.91Impact points
Biochemical changes in urine and plasma of rats in food chain-mediated cadmium toxicity.
Toxicology and industrial health. 09/2010; 26(8):459-67.
The present study sets out to assess the toxicity of cadmium (Cd) administered via the food chain. The food chain was mimicked by exposing rats to diet containing milled Cd-exposed catfish as the source of protein. The toxicity of Cd was monitored by the determination of indices of oxidative stress ... [more] The present study sets out to assess the toxicity of cadmium (Cd) administered via the food chain. The food chain was mimicked by exposing rats to diet containing milled Cd-exposed catfish as the source of protein. The toxicity of Cd was monitored by the determination of indices of oxidative stress and kidney dysfunction in plasma and urine of the rats after 1- and 3-month exposure periods. The results obtained indicate that Cd exposure in the rats was followed by marked accumulation of the metal in the liver and kidney with time. However, the kidney accumulated more Cd relative to the liver after both exposure periods. The levels of glucose, creatinine and lipid peroxidation were significantly (p < 0.05) increased in both plasma and urine of the rats after 1 month of exposure. Conversely, rats fed the test diet for 3 months had significantly (p < 0.05) decreased level of lipid peroxidation in the plasma and urine. However, the plasma and urine glucose concentrations were restored to levels not significantly (p > 0.05) different from control in rats fed the test diet for 3 months. Similarly, after 3 months, the creatinine level in the plasma was also restored to a level not significantly (p > 0.05) different from that of the control but was significantly (p < 0.05) elevated in the urine. A significant increase in urine protein concentration was demonstrated after 1-month exposure to Cd, but no significant change occurred in the plasma. Rats fed diet containing the Cd-incorporated fish for 3 months also had no significant (p > 0.05) change in plasma and urine protein concentrations. These results suggest that this route of exposure caused kidney impairment, oxidative stress as well as alteration in glucose metabolism after 1 month but not after 3 months, possibly due to adaptation occasioned by the antioxidative defense armory of the rats.
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3.17Impact points
Comparative effect of water and food-chain mediated cadmium exposure in rats.
Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine. 02/2010; 23(6):961-71.
This study sets out to compare the absorption and toxicity of Cadmium (Cd) administered via the food-chain and inorganic Cd administered in drinking water after 1 and 3 months exposure using rats as animal model. The food-chain was mimicked by exposing rats to diet containing Cd pre-exposed fish. Th... [more] This study sets out to compare the absorption and toxicity of Cadmium (Cd) administered via the food-chain and inorganic Cd administered in drinking water after 1 and 3 months exposure using rats as animal model. The food-chain was mimicked by exposing rats to diet containing Cd pre-exposed fish. The uptake of Cd by the rats after both mode of exposure was calculated by summing up the Cd burden in the liver and kidneys and was expressed in terms of % intake. The toxicity of Cd was assessed by monitoring biochemical indices of liver function in the plasma and liver. Regardless of the mode of exposure of the rats, the Cd load in the liver and kidney was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than the respective controls with the kidney having a significantly higher load than the liver after both periods of exposure. However irrespective of the mode of exposure, more Cd was accumulated in the liver and kidney of the 3 months exposed rats relative to those exposed for 1 month. The uptake of Cd by rats exposed to Cd via the food-chain for 1 and 3 months was significantly (P < 0.05) lower when compared to the corresponding water mediated Cd exposed rats, except for the liver after 3 months of exposure. The liver L-ALT activity of rats administered inorganic Cd in drinking water for 1 and 3 months was significantly (P < 0.05) lower as compared to controls. Parallel analysis of the plasma showed no significant (P > 0.05) difference in L-ALT activity between both groups after the same periods of exposure. The L-AST activity in the plasma of rats similarly exposed to Cd for 1 and 3 months was significantly (P < 0.05) higher as compared to controls with a corresponding reduction in the liver. Conversely no significant (P > 0.05) change was observed in plasma and liver L-ALT and L-AST activities after food-chain mediated exposure to Cd for 1 and 3 months in relation to their respective controls. These findings indicate that Cd incorporated in fish is more easily bioavailable, but less toxic relative to inorganic Cd salts at the end of 3 months of exposure in rats.
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Alteration in the activity of oxidative enzymes in the tissues of male Wistar albino rats exposed to cadmium.
International journal of occupational medicine and environmental health. 01/2010; 23(1):55-62.
The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of cadmium (Cd) on the activities of some oxidative enzymes [viz Aldehyde oxidase, AO (E.C. 1.2.3.1); Xanthine oxidase, XO (E.C. 1.2.3.2); Sulphite oxidase, SO (E.C.1.8.3.1.); and Monoamine oxidase, MO (E.C. 1.4.3.4)] in the liver and ... [more] The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of cadmium (Cd) on the activities of some oxidative enzymes [viz Aldehyde oxidase, AO (E.C. 1.2.3.1); Xanthine oxidase, XO (E.C. 1.2.3.2); Sulphite oxidase, SO (E.C.1.8.3.1.); and Monoamine oxidase, MO (E.C. 1.4.3.4)] in the liver and kidney. Male Wistar albino rats were administered 1, 2 and 4 mg Cd(2+)/kg body weight for one and three months. The activities of the oxidative enzymes were subsequently analyzed in the liver and kidney after both periods of exposure. There was a dose dependent increase in liver and kidney Cd concentration in the test rats as compared to control after both periods of treatment with the liver retaining higher concentration of Cd than the kidney for each of the exposure dose. The oxidative enzymes were decreased in a dose dependent manner in the liver and kidney after both periods of treatment. The percentage inhibition of these enzymes was less in the liver of rats treated with Cd for three months relative to the one month treated rats for each of the exposure dose. Conversely, the inhibition of the activities of these enzymes in the kidney of rats in all the treatment groups was more pronounced after three months relative to the trend in the one month treated rats. However, the activities of the oxidative enzymes were higher in the liver as compared to the kidney in all the treatment groups after both durations of Cd treatment. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the inhibition of the oxidative enzymes by Cd may disturb metabolism of bioactive endogenous substances, exogenous components of food and some xenobiotics.
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2.11Impact points
Palm oil induced changes in ocular tissue lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes and ATPases of rabbits in cadmium toxicity.
Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association. 09/2008; 46(9):3155-8.
This study determined the effect of supplementing rabbit diet with palm oil (PO) on lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes and ATPases of different sections of the eyes in ocular cadmium toxicity. Twenty male New Zealand rabbits were randomly assigned to 4 groups of 5 rabbits in a study that lasted... [more] This study determined the effect of supplementing rabbit diet with palm oil (PO) on lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes and ATPases of different sections of the eyes in ocular cadmium toxicity. Twenty male New Zealand rabbits were randomly assigned to 4 groups of 5 rabbits in a study that lasted for 4 weeks. The control was given deionised water as eye drops and the other groups of rabbits were given eye drops of solution of 2mgkg(-1) body wt cadmium (as 3CdSO(4).8H(2)O). One test group was fed with the normal chow alone and the other test groups were fed with the chow fortified with either 5% or 10% palm oil. Ocular treatment of rabbit with cadmium significantly (P<0.05) reduced their weight compared with the control. Feeding the animals with palm oil (PO) improved the weights of the animals and decreased cadmium accumulation in the eye tissues. Lipid peroxidation level was raised by cadmium in the cornea, lens and retina with palm oil supplementation of the animal diet significantly (P<0.05) reducing the level of lipid peroxidation of the retina. Cadmium significantly (P<0.05) reduced antioxidant enzymes and ATPases in the eye tissues compared with the control. Feeding the rabbits with PO significantly (P<0.05) increased the activities of these enzymes in the retina to levels comparable with the control, with the 10% supplementation producing a more pronounced effect. The study shows that PO can alter cadmium accumulation, antioxidant enzymes and ATPases in ways which suggest that it offers protection of the eyes from ocular exposure to cadmium.
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1.23Impact points
Bioaccumulation of cadmium and its biochemical effect on selected tissues of the catfish (Clarias gariepinus).
Fish physiology and biochemistry. 03/2008; 34(1):61-9.
The present study examines the pattern of accumulation of cadmium (Cd) and its biochemical effects on selected tissues of a variety of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus), after exposure to various doses of Cd. The results obtained indicate that at the end of 21 days of exposure, the total tissue o... [more] The present study examines the pattern of accumulation of cadmium (Cd) and its biochemical effects on selected tissues of a variety of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus), after exposure to various doses of Cd. The results obtained indicate that at the end of 21 days of exposure, the total tissue organ cadmium concentration followed the pattern kidney > gill > liver > muscle for each of the exposure concentrations. The levels of Cd in these organs were higher than those in ambient water. Moreover, while the rate of uptake of Cd increased with time in the kidney, liver and muscle, it decreased in the gill. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) was significantly elevated only in the kidney of catfish treated with 0.2 and 0.4 ppm of Cd for 7 days compared with the control. Conversely, gill SOD was significantly decreased in the same concentrations of Cd-treated catfish relative to the control. Statistically similar levels of SOD were observed in the liver, brain and muscle with all the treatments after the same duration of treatment. In the fish exposed for 21 days, SOD activity was significantly decreased in the kidney with a corresponding increase in lipid peroxidation (LPO), but it manifested only with the 0.2- and 0.4-ppm Cd treatment relative to the control. In the liver, however, Cd exposure significantly increased SOD in the 0.2- and 0.4-ppm treatments of the same duration. In conclusion, the present study indicates that the accumulation of Cd and its effect on SOD and LPO in C. gariepinus is dependent on concentration, tissue and time.
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1.13Impact points
Influence of aqueous extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. petal on cadmium toxicity in rats.
Biological trace element research. 02/2007; 115(1):47-57.
The effects of chronic exposure to cadmium (Cd) on some selected biochemical parameters, as well as the possible protective role of aqueous extracts of Hibiscus sabdariffa L petal were studied in 12-wk-old male Wistar albino rats. Exposure to Cd caused a significant increase in plasma Lalanine amino... [more] The effects of chronic exposure to cadmium (Cd) on some selected biochemical parameters, as well as the possible protective role of aqueous extracts of Hibiscus sabdariffa L petal were studied in 12-wk-old male Wistar albino rats. Exposure to Cd caused a significant increase in plasma Lalanine aminotransferases (ALT) only but with a corresponding decrease in liver L-alanine and L-aspartate aminotransferases (L-ALT, L-AST) when compared to the Cd-free control. Total superoxide dismutase activity was decreased in the liver, testis, and prostate of Cd-exposed rats, whereas malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations were increased relative to the Cd-free control. The metal significantly increased prostatic acid phosphatase activity in the prostate, but decreased the body weight gain of the rats and organ/body weight ratio for prostate and testis compared to the Cd-free control. Pretreatment of rats with aqueous extract of H. sabdariffa resulted in significantly less hepatotoxicity than with Cd alone as measured by plasma ALT and liver ALT and AST activities. The extract also protected the rats against Cd-induced liver, prostate, and testis lipoperoxidation as evidenced by significantly reduced MDA values in these organs, as well as reduced prostatic acid phosphatase activity in the prostate, when compared to the Cd-only exposed rats. Also, when compared to the organ/body weight ratios obtained from rats exposed to Cd alone the prostate and testis were protected by the extract as shown by enhanced prostate/body weight and testis/body weight ratios of Cd- and extract-treated rats. These data suggest that H. sabdarrifa L might be protective in Cd toxicity.
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Effect of Lipid-Based Diet on Some Lipid-Metabolizing Enzymes
Journal of Medical Sciences. 01/2007;
The effects of long-term feeding of lipid-based diet (containing 5 and 10% cholesterol) on some lipid-metabolizing enzymes were examined by determining the activities of Lecithin: Cholesterol Acyl Transferase (LCAT), lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and triglyceride lipase (TGL). The LCAT activity was found... [more] The effects of long-term feeding of lipid-based diet (containing 5 and 10% cholesterol) on some lipid-metabolizing enzymes were examined by determining the activities of Lecithin: Cholesterol Acyl Transferase (LCAT), lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and triglyceride lipase (TGL). The LCAT activity was found to increase significantly (p< 0.05) in the cholesterol fed rats when compared to control animals fed the control diet and the increase was found to be dose dependent. The cholesterol fed rats also showed relatively significant (p< 0.05) increases in the levels of both cholesterol ester and free cholesterol. Similarly, both LPL and TG lipase activities were also significantly (p< 0.05) elevated in the cholesterol fed rats when compared to control. Histochemical evaluation of the liver of the rats fed 10% cholesterol at the end of the feeding period revealed chronic venous congestion and fatty changes. The kidney showed fat embolism with glomerular capillaries distended with fat globules. The aorta lumen was reduced to less than half the normal diameter by a greatly thickened intima which contained cholesterol crystals, typical of artheromatous plague. The implications of these findings are discussed with respect to artherogenesis, hyperlipoproteinemia and hypertriglyceridemia.
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Influence of a Nigerian-like Diet on Calcium, Phosphate and Alkaline Phosphatase Levels in the Plasma and Bone of Cadmium Exposed Rats
Journal of Medical Sciences. 01/2006;
The purpose of this study was to assess the role of a wholly compounded Nigerian diet on some indices of bone metabolism in oral cadmium toxicity. Nine weeks old Wistar albino rats were exposed to 100 ppm cadmium in their drinking water and fed a Nigerian-like diet (high in carbohydrate and fibre bu... [more] The purpose of this study was to assess the role of a wholly compounded Nigerian diet on some indices of bone metabolism in oral cadmium toxicity. Nine weeks old Wistar albino rats were exposed to 100 ppm cadmium in their drinking water and fed a Nigerian-like diet (high in carbohydrate and fibre but low in protein) for sixteen weeks. The study reveals that the Nigerian-like Diet (NLD) caused less accumulation of cadmium in both the epiphysis and metaphysis of femur bones compared with the control diet. Plasma cadmium and phosphate levels did not change significantly with diet and cadmium exposure. Plasma alkaline phosphate activity was enhanced in rats fed with the NLD and cadmium exposure reduced the enzyme activity. The exposure to cadmium compared with the control significantly (p<0.05) reduced calcium and phosphate in both the epiphysis and metaphysis of the femur of rats, which was further enhanced by the NLD. The NLD increased alkaline phosphatase activity in both sections of the bone studied, though cadmium reduced the enzyme activity. The study shows that the NLD predispose rats to the debilitating effect of cadmium on bones by improving calcium and phosphate loss which promote bone resorption.
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0.99Impact points
Evaluation of lead and cadmium levels in some commonly consumed vegetables in the Niger-Delta oil area of Nigeria.
Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology. 09/2005; 75(2):278-83.
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3.17Impact points
A comparative evaluation of the biological effects of environmental cadmium-contaminated control diet and laboratory-cadmium supplemented test diet.
Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine. 04/2005; 18(2):155-61.
This study was designed to examine the effects of a diet contaminated by environmental cadmium on organ/body weight ratio and selected toxicological indices. It was also designed to permit a comparative analysis of the effects of the diet contaminated by environmental cadmium and that of cadmium sup... [more] This study was designed to examine the effects of a diet contaminated by environmental cadmium on organ/body weight ratio and selected toxicological indices. It was also designed to permit a comparative analysis of the effects of the diet contaminated by environmental cadmium and that of cadmium supplemented diet based on the same parameters. Our results show that even though the cadmium content of the environmental cadmium contaminated diet was 300% less than that of the cadmium supplemented diet, the former caused statistically significant changes in Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (P < 0.025), Na+/K+ ATPase activity (P < 0.005) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) level (P < 0.025) when values at the end of 1 month exposure were compared to the values at the end of 3 months exposure. These parameters were altered in the same manner by the cadmium content of the supplemented diet in addition to significant reduction in liver/body weight ratio (P < 0.005) within the exposure periods examined. By virtue of the very close nature of the values of these parameters in rats exposed to the two different diets, it appears that the background cadmium (cadmium from the environment) content of the diets is largely responsible for the observed changes, except in the case of liver/body weight ratio.
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3.17Impact points
Changes in carboxypeptidase A, dipeptidase and Na+/K+ ATPase activities in the intestine of rats orally exposed to different doses of cadmium.
Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine. 02/2005; 18(1):1-6.
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of cadmium on some protein digestive and absorption enzymes in rats. Thirty-six rats were grouped into three groups of 12 animals each; one group received deionised water and acted as control. One group received 445 microM Cd and the last g... [more] The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of cadmium on some protein digestive and absorption enzymes in rats. Thirty-six rats were grouped into three groups of 12 animals each; one group received deionised water and acted as control. One group received 445 microM Cd and the last group received 890 microM Cd in their drinking water for a period of one month. The results obtained indicate that increasing the level of cadmium from 445 microM to 890 microM in the drinking water of the rats led to 29% and 23% increase in accumulated cadmium in the proximal and distal small intestine respectively. The body weight gain of rats exposed to 445 microM and 890 microM Cd was decreased by about 24% and 43% respectively when compared with the control. The activities of carboxypeptidase A, dipeptidase and Na+/K+ ATPase were reduced in the mucosa of the proximal end of the small intestine of cadmium exposed rats. The reduction was dose dependent; with the 890 microM Cd exposed rats displaying the least activities. In the distal small intestine, the activities of these enzymes were restored in the 445 microM Cd exposed rats to levels that were not statistically different (P > 0.05) from those observed in the controls. In the 890 microM Cd exposed rats, dipeptidase activity improved by about 80% compared with the activity of the enzyme in the proximal small intestine. Likewise, Na+/K+ ATPase activity increased by about 125% compared with the observed level in the proximal small intestine. The study suggests that cadmium given to rats in drinking water compromise protein digestion and absorption of nutrients particularly in the proximal region of small intestine and could account for weight reduction associated with cadmium toxicity.
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Comparative Effect of Garden Egg Fruit, Oat and Apple on Serum Lipid Profile in Rats Fed a High Cholesterol Diet
Pakistan Journal of Nutrition. 01/2005;
The purpose of the present study was to compare the effect of Solanum melongena (garden egg plant), apple and oat on serum lipid profile of rats fed a hypercholesterolemic diet. One hundred rats were grouped into five groups of 20 animals each; one group was fed with grower`s marsh alone and acted a... [more] The purpose of the present study was to compare the effect of Solanum melongena (garden egg plant), apple and oat on serum lipid profile of rats fed a hypercholesterolemic diet. One hundred rats were grouped into five groups of 20 animals each; one group was fed with grower`s marsh alone and acted as the sham control. One group was fed grower`s marsh and 3% cholesterol and served as the test control. The other three groups were fed with the grower`s marsh, 3% cholesterol and either of 4% apple, oat, or garden egg plant for a period of one month. After 2 weeks, half of the animals in each group were sacrificed for mid-term studies. The results obtained indicate that garden egg plant significantly (P<0.05) reduced weight gain of rats and feed efficiency compared with the other supplementations. Garden egg plant significantly (P<0.05) reduced serum total cholesterol, triglyceride and increased serum HDL-cholesterol compared with oat and apple in both the mid-term and full-term studies. The study suggests that garden egg plant has a more hypolipidemic effect than apple and oat.
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1.13Impact points
Levels of lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase, and Na+/K+ ATPase in some tissues of rats exposed to a Nigerian-like diet and cadmium.
Biological trace element research. 08/2004; 100(1):75-86.
The purpose of the present study was to examine the role of a wholly compounded Nigerian-like diet on the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Na+/K+ ATPase and level of lipid peroxidation in oral cadmium toxicity. Nine-week-old Wistar albino rats (100 +/- 2.0 g) were exposed to 100 ppm cadm... [more] The purpose of the present study was to examine the role of a wholly compounded Nigerian-like diet on the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Na+/K+ ATPase and level of lipid peroxidation in oral cadmium toxicity. Nine-week-old Wistar albino rats (100 +/- 2.0 g) were exposed to 100 ppm cadmium in drinking water and the Nigerian-like diet (low in protein and high in carbohydrates and fiber) for 16 wk. The results obtained indicate that cadmium reduced weight gain and increased fecal output of rats, which was further potentiated by the Nigerian-like diet. Cadmium was concentrated in the intestine, liver, and kidney, with the highest level observed in the kidney, followed by the liver. The Nigerian-like diet reduced the concentration of cadmium in these tissues. Cadmium increased lipid peroxidation and inhibited SOD and Na+/K+ ATPase in the tissues. These were also aggravated in rats fed the Nigerian-like diet. Because the Nigerian-like diet increased lipid peroxidation and inhibited SOD and Na+/K+ ATPase in the tissues, it rendered rats more susceptible to cadmium toxicity.
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1.36Impact points
A comparative study on the archives of xanthine oxidase and aldehyde oxidase in different fish species from two rivers in the Western Niger-Delta.
Environmental monitoring and assessment. 03/2004; 91(1-3):293-300.
Glycaemia, a classical indicator of stress, xanthine oxidase and aldehyde oxidase which are involved in phase I detoxication were investigated in two different fish species from two rivers with different pollution levels in the Western Niger-Delta. Four sampling zones covering the entire lengths of ... [more] Glycaemia, a classical indicator of stress, xanthine oxidase and aldehyde oxidase which are involved in phase I detoxication were investigated in two different fish species from two rivers with different pollution levels in the Western Niger-Delta. Four sampling zones covering the entire lengths of Warri and Ethiope Rivers respectively were used in this study. For each species of fish five were obtained from a sampling zone in a river. Blood glucose was significantly higher (P < 0.001) in M. electricus from Warri River (82.13 +/- 5.50 mg cm(-3)) compared to the same species from Ethiope River (36.47 +/- 1.49 mg cm(-3)). With the same parameter a similar profile was observed for C. gariepinus; Warri River (56.92 +/- 10.31 mg cm(-3)); Ethiope River (37.65 +/- 0.90 mg cm(-3)) which was also significant (P < 0.01). The activity of xanthine oxidase in M. electricus from Warri River (255.80 +/- 41 it mol cm(-3)) was significantly higher (P < 0.001) compared to the value obtained for the same species (108 +/- 22.36 micro mol cm(-3)) from Ethiope River. Also the activity of xanthine oxidase in C. gariepinus from Warri River (197 +/- 34.65 micro mol cm(-3)) was significantly higher (P < 0.001) when matched with the value obtained for the same species (78.40 +/- 26.84 micro mol cm(-3)) from Ethiope River. That blood glucose level was related to xanthine oxidase activity in the two fish species from Warri River was supported by the high positive correlation between these two parameters (M. electricus. r = 1: C. gariepinus, r = 0.71). The activity of aldehyde oxidase in C. gariepinus from Warri River (143.80 +/- 28.45 micro mol cm(-3)) was significantly higher (P < 0.001) compared to the value obtained for the same species (61.20 +/- 15.21 micro mol cm(-3)) from Ethiope River. A similar profile in aldehyde oxidase activity observed for M. electricus; Warri River (130 +/- 28.39 micro mol cm(-3)); Ethiope River (89 +/- 19.70 micro mol cm(-3)) but an inferior statistical variation (P < 0.05) was obtained. The results obtained in this study indicate that the level of xanthine oxidase in M. electricus is a more specific marker and to a lesser extent its activity in C. gariepinus in monitoring environmental stress due to pollution.
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Effects of Oral Cadmium Exposure on Renal Glomerular and Tubular Functions in the Rat
Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management. 01/2004;
ABSTRACT: The effects of orally consumed cadmium on the functions of the kidney have been investigated in rats based on the reported level of the toxicant in Warri River. Relative to the corresponding controls there were significant (P < 0.05) increases in the amount of cadmium in the kidneys of ... [more] ABSTRACT: The effects of orally consumed cadmium on the functions of the kidney have been investigated in rats based on the reported level of the toxicant in Warri River. Relative to the corresponding controls there were significant (P < 0.05) increases in the amount of cadmium in the kidneys of rats in all the test groups. Biochemical analysis revealed significant (P < 0.05) changes in plasma creatinine after 2 months (control ¡V 1.20 b 0.20 e 10{2; test ¡V 0.92 b 0.26 e 10{2 Ýg/ml) and glucose after 1-month (control ¡V 91.67 b 3.39; test ¡V 102.75 b 5.99 mg/dL) exposure. Twenty-four hours urine volume were significantly decreased (P < 0.05) in rats exposed to cadmium for 1 and 2 months. Also in the Cd-exposed rats urine protein was significantly elevated in those exposed for 2 and 3 months but their urine glucose was demonstratively elevated only in those exposed for 2 months (control ¡V 33.00 b 7.80; test ¡V 43.00 b 9.80 mg/dL). Urine creatinine was not significantly altered in any of the test groups. Consistently there were significant (P < 0.05) decreases in total ATPase and Mg2+ - ATPase activities at the end of the 2 and 3 months exposure when compared to the controls @JASEM
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2.58Impact points
Increased superoxide dismutase and Na+, K+-ATPase activities in aortic strips from potassium-adapted rats: implication for altered vascular reactivity.
Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Toxicology & pharmacology : CBP. 05/2003; 135(1):61-5.
The contributions of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Na(+), K(+)-ATPase to the altered vascular reactivity in potassium-adapted rats were investigated to test the hypothesis that smooth muscle hyperpolarisation may be involved. Isometric contractions to noradrenaline (NA), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT),... [more] The contributions of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Na(+), K(+)-ATPase to the altered vascular reactivity in potassium-adapted rats were investigated to test the hypothesis that smooth muscle hyperpolarisation may be involved. Isometric contractions to noradrenaline (NA), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), and relaxations to acetylcholine (ACh), levcromakalim (LEV) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP), were measured in aortic rings from potassium-adapted rats. Pieces of the aortae were also excised from the animals and assayed for SOD and Na(+), K(+)-ATPase. Maximum contractile responses were significantly attenuated (P<0.05) in aortic rings from the potassium-adapted rats to NA and 5-HT, while relaxations were also significantly augmented (P<0.05) in the same rings to LEV and SNP, but not to ACh. Both SOD and Na(+), K(+)-ATPase activities were significantly higher (P<0.05) in the aortae from the potassium-adapted rats compared to controls. It is concluded that the alteration in vascular smooth muscle reactivity may be due to hyperpolarisation caused by the activities of SOD and Na(+), K(+)-ATPase.
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0.99Impact points
Effect of oral exposure to cadmium on the levels of vitamin A and lipid peroxidation in the eye.
Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology. 02/2002; 68(1):18-21.
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0.99Impact points
Comparative evaluation of the levels of some antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation in different fish species in two rivers in the Western Niger delta.
Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology. 10/2000; 65(3):351-6.
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Increased superoxide dismutase and Na+, K+-ATPase activities in aortic strips from potassium-adapted rats: implication for altered vascular reactivity
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology.
The contributions of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Na+, K+-ATPase to the altered vascular reactivity in potassium-adapted rats were investigated to test the hypothesis that smooth muscle hyperpolarisation may be involved. Isometric contractions to noradrenaline (NA), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), and... [more] The contributions of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Na+, K+-ATPase to the altered vascular reactivity in potassium-adapted rats were investigated to test the hypothesis that smooth muscle hyperpolarisation may be involved. Isometric contractions to noradrenaline (NA), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), and relaxations to acetylcholine (ACh), levcromakalim (LEV) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP), were measured in aortic rings from potassium-adapted rats. Pieces of the aortae were also excised from the animals and assayed for SOD and Na+, K+-ATPase. Maximum contractile responses were significantly attenuated (P<0.05) in aortic rings from the potassium-adapted rats to NA and 5-HT, while relaxations were also significantly augmented (P<0.05) in the same rings to LEV and SNP, but not to ACh. Both SOD and Na+, K+-ATPase activities were significantly higher (P<0.05) in the aortae from the potassium-adapted rats compared to controls. It is concluded that the alteration in vascular smooth muscle reactivity may be due to hyperpolarisation caused by the activities of SOD and Na+, K+-ATPase.
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Palm oil induced changes in ocular tissue lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes and ATPases of rabbits in cadmium toxicity
Food and Chemical Toxicology.
This study determined the effect of supplementing rabbit diet with palm oil (PO) on lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes and ATPases of different sections of the eyes in ocular cadmium toxicity. Twenty male New Zealand rabbits were randomly assigned to 4 groups of 5 rabbits in a study that lasted... [more] This study determined the effect of supplementing rabbit diet with palm oil (PO) on lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes and ATPases of different sections of the eyes in ocular cadmium toxicity. Twenty male New Zealand rabbits were randomly assigned to 4 groups of 5 rabbits in a study that lasted for 4 weeks. The control was given deionised water as eye drops and the other groups of rabbits were given eye drops of solution of 2 mg kg−1 body wt cadmium (as 3CdSO4 · 8H2O). One test group was fed with the normal chow alone and the other test groups were fed with the chow fortified with either 5% or 10% palm oil. Ocular treatment of rabbit with cadmium significantly (P < 0.05) reduced their weight compared with the control. Feeding the animals with palm oil (PO) improved the weights of the animals and decreased cadmium accumulation in the eye tissues. Lipid peroxidation level was raised by cadmium in the cornea, lens and retina with palm oil supplementation of the animal diet significantly (P < 0.05) reducing the level of lipid peroxidation of the retina. Cadmium significantly (P < 0.05) reduced antioxidant enzymes and ATPases in the eye tissues compared with the control. Feeding the rabbits with PO significantly (P < 0.05) increased the activities of these enzymes in the retina to levels comparable with the control, with the 10% supplementation producing a more pronounced effect. The study shows that PO can alter cadmium accumulation, antioxidant enzymes and ATPases in ways which suggest that it offers protection of the eyes from ocular exposure to cadmium.
