Ramalakshmi Subbiah

Publications

• Comparative studies on removal of fast green dye from aqueous solutions by activated carbon prepared from Gloriosa superba waste and Alternaria raphani fungal biomass

  Ramalakshmi S, Muthuchelian K, Swaminathan K

  journal of envirtonmental science and technology. 01/2012;

• Anlaysis of bio-active constituents from the leaves of Mallotus tetracoccus (Roxb.) Kurz by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry.

  RamaLakshmi. S, Muthuchelian. K

  International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research. 01/2011; 2:1449-1454.

  Mallotus tetracoccus (Roxb.) Kurz. is found in Western Ghats of India. Mallotus tetracoccus is one of the medicinally important plants belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae, commonly known as “vatta kanni” in Tamil. In the present study the ethanolic extract of Mallotus tetracoccus has been subjecte... [more] Mallotus tetracoccus (Roxb.) Kurz. is found in Western Ghats of India. Mallotus tetracoccus is one of the medicinally important plants belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae, commonly known as “vatta kanni” in Tamil. In the present study the ethanolic extract of Mallotus tetracoccus has been subjected to GC-MS analysis. The major chemical constituents are Bis (2-ethyl hexyl) phthalate (46.78%), 3-methyl-2-(2-oxypropyl) furan (13.31%), E-8-methyl-9-tetradecen-1-ol acetate (6.63%), Octadecanoic acid, 2-oxo (4.46%) and Longiborneol (2.39%). Thus the extract of Mallotus tetracoccus was characterized by substantial levels of diesters (50%), alcohols (15%), alkanes (3%), sesquiterpenes (5%), terpenoids (13%), fattyacid (5%) and sugars (2.6%). The presence of some of these constituents in the plant extract provides the scientific evidences for the antipyretic, anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective properties of the plant.

• Cancer and oncogenes- An Overview.

  RamaLakshmi. S, Muthuchelian. K

  Academic journal of cancer research. 01/2011; 4:10-17.

  Cancer results from many factors such as environmental, toxic chemicals, viruses, life style, epi-genetic and genetic. In genetic level, cancer is caused by oncogene, tumor suppressor gene and miRNA. These genes are required for normal cell proliferation and differentiation, where aberrant expressio... [more] Cancer results from many factors such as environmental, toxic chemicals, viruses, life style, epi-genetic and genetic. In genetic level, cancer is caused by oncogene, tumor suppressor gene and miRNA. These genes are required for normal cell proliferation and differentiation, where aberrant expression leads to abnormal cell proliferation. The gene level changes include mutation, translocation, DNA rearrangement in the genes results in activation and formation of tumour. Ras and p53 are the paradigms for oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, respectively. The products of oncogenes include growth factors, growth factor receptors, signal transducers and nuclear transcription factors, where antibodies against oncogene products are the current anti-cancer drugs. MicroRNA, which are the next targets for cancer drug research has gained significant attention, has also proved for its potential to be used in disease prognosis and diagnosis.

• GC-MS Analysis of bioactive components from the ethanolic leaf extract of Canthium dicoccum (GAERTN.) TEIJSM & BINN.

  Raja Rajeswari. N, RamaLakshmi. S, Muthuchelian. K

  J. Chem. Pharm. Res. 01/2011; 3:792-798.

  Medicinal plants are sources of important therapeutic aids for alleviating human ailments. Canthium dicoccum is one of the medicinally important plants belonging to the family Rubiaceae, commonly known as “nallamandharam” in Tamil. The major chemical constituents are Spathulenol (20.76 %), Caryophyl... [more] Medicinal plants are sources of important therapeutic aids for alleviating human ailments. Canthium dicoccum is one of the medicinally important plants belonging to the family Rubiaceae, commonly known as “nallamandharam” in Tamil. The major chemical constituents are Spathulenol (20.76 %), Caryophyllene oxide (19.25 %), Cedren-13-ol (10.62 %), Ledene oxide (5.24 %), m-mentho-4, 8-diene (6.41 %) and 2-furancarboxaldehyde (4.51 %). Thus the extract of Canthium dicoccum was characterized by substantial levels of sesquiterpenoids (55.87 %), nitrogenous compounds (12.93 %), aldehydes (8.7 %), terpinolene (6.41 %) and phenols (4.26 %). The presence of some of these constituents in the plant extract provides the scientific evidences for the antimicrobial, anti-tumor, Immuno modulatory and antioxidant properties of the plant.

• Utilization of modified Gloriosa superba waste as an adsorbent for the removal of reactive dyes from aqueous solutions

  Ramalakshmi. S, Selvakumar. R, Muthuchelian. K, Swaminathan.K

  World Academic Science Journal. 01/2011; 15:415-421.

  Carbon prepared from Gloriosa superba pericarp was used to remove reactive orange 107 and reactive black 5 from aqueous solution by adsorption technique under varying conditions of agitation time, dye concentration, adsorbent dose and pH. Adsorption depended on solution pH, dye concentration, carbon... [more] Carbon prepared from Gloriosa superba pericarp was used to remove reactive orange 107 and reactive black 5 from aqueous solution by adsorption technique under varying conditions of agitation time, dye concentration, adsorbent dose and pH. Adsorption depended on solution pH, dye concentration, carbon concentration and contact time. Equilibrium was attained at 165 minutes and 105 minutes for reactive orange 107 (RO 107) and reactive black (RB 5) dye respectively. Increase in biomass dosage increased the adsorption. Adsorption capacity (Qo) of Reactive black 5 was 23.92mg/g which was higher than Reactive orange 107 (21.72mg/g). The second-order kinetic model by Ho and Mckay described well the experimental data. Acidic pH was favorable for the adsorption of both dyes studied. Studies on pH effect and desorption show that chemisorptions seems to play a major role in the adsorption process. Among the reactive dyes studied, reactive black showed better adsorption capacity. Thus utilization of Gloriosa superba pericarp waste for reactive dye removal has potential application in dyeing industry wastewater treatment.

• Analysis of bio-active constituents of the ethanolic leaf extract of Tabebuia rosea (Bertol.) DC by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

  Ramalakshmi. S, Muthuchelian. K

  International Journal of ChemTech Research. 01/2011; 3:1054-59.

  Tabebuia rosea is one of the medicinally important plants belonging to the family Bignoniaceae. Tabebuia sp are native to tropical rain forests throughout Central and South America. The herbal products obtained from the bark of tabebuia trees are called “taheebo”, “lapacho”, “pau d’arco”, and “ipe r... [more] Tabebuia rosea is one of the medicinally important plants belonging to the family Bignoniaceae. Tabebuia sp are native to tropical rain forests throughout Central and South America. The herbal products obtained from the bark of tabebuia trees are called “taheebo”, “lapacho”, “pau d’arco”, and “ipe roxo”. Traditionally, taheebo has been used for treating ulcers, syphilis, gastrointestinal problems, candidiasis, cancer, diabetes, prostatitis, constipation, and allergies. In the present study the ethanolic leaf extract of Tabebuia rosea has been subjected to GC-MS analysis. The major chemical constituents are 2-furancarboxaldehyde, 5-hydroxy methyl (19.39%), 2-deoxy, D-erythropentose (11.01%), Santolina triene(8.28%), 4H-Pyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl (6.07%), 7-Quinolinol (6.01%), phenol, 2-(2-methyl propyl) (5.41%) and Cinnamadehyde (2.42%). Thus the extract of Tabebuia rosea was characterized by various types of active compounds such as aromatic aldehydes (21.81%), sugar (11.01%), aromatic compounds (7.28%), terpenoids (8.3%), quinone (6.01%), alkanes (6.35%), phenolics (6.85%) and flavonoid (6.07%).

• Kinetic and Equilibrium studies on biosorption of Reactive orange 107 dye from aqueous solution by native and treated fungus Alternaria raphani

  Ramalakshmi. S, Muthuchelian. K, Swaminathan.K

  Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research. 01/2011; 3:337-347.

  Batch mode experiments were carried out for the removal of Reactive Orange 107 from aqueous solution using native and dead mycelia pellets/biomass of Alternaria raphani. The effect of process parameters like contact time, dosage of adsorbent, adsorbate concentration and pH on adsorption was investig... [more] Batch mode experiments were carried out for the removal of Reactive Orange 107 from aqueous solution using native and dead mycelia pellets/biomass of Alternaria raphani. The effect of process parameters like contact time, dosage of adsorbent, adsorbate concentration and pH on adsorption was investigated. Higher the dye concentrations lower the adsorption. Increase in biomass dosage increased the adsorption. Experimental data were analyzed by the Langmuir and freundlich isotherms. Adsorption capacity (Qo) of autoclave biomass was 28.74mg/g, which was higher than native biomass studied. The second-order kinetic model by Ho and Mckay described well the experimental data. Acidic pH was favorable for the adsorption of RO 107. Studies on pH effect and desorption show that chemisorptions and physisorption play a major role in the adsorption process. Among the biomass studied, autoclaved biomass showed a better adsorption capacity. Utilization of autoclaved biomass is much safer as it does not pose any threat to environment. These results suggest that this fungus can be used in biotreatment process as biosorbent for reactive dyes.

• In-Vitro Cytotoxic and genotoxicity studies of Cry1Ac toxin isolated from Bt Cotton (RCH2 Bt) on human lymphocytes

  Mohammed Salim Bhat, Parimala P, RamaLakshmi S, Muthuchelian K

  Academic journal of plant sciences. 01/2011;

  Transgenic insecticidal plants based on Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) endotoxins and transgenic herbicide tolerant plants are widely used in modern agriculture for control of variety of insect pests in fields. Little is known about toxicity of Cry1Ac toxin of Bt cotton. This study presents the cytotox... [more] Transgenic insecticidal plants based on Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) endotoxins and transgenic herbicide tolerant plants are widely used in modern agriculture for control of variety of insect pests in fields. Little is known about toxicity of Cry1Ac toxin of Bt cotton. This study presents the cytotoxic and genotoxic effect of crude Cry1Ac toxin extract on human lymphocytes using MTT test, cytokinesis blocked micronucleus assay and erythrolysis tests as parameters. The exposure of human lymphocytes with increasing doses of toxin showed decreased cell survivability (47.08 %) at 72 h incubation. The number of micronuclei formed was found to be 2.52 %. The Cry1Ac toxin has haemolytic action on human lymphocytes. It was concluded that the crude Cry1Ac toxin has possible cytotoxic potential on human lymphocytes with increased dosage of toxin and time of exposure.

• Kinetic and equilibrium studies on biosorption of Reactive black5 dye from aqueous solution by native and treated fungus Alternaria raphani

  Ramalakshmi. S, Muthuchelian. K, Swaminathan.K

  Journal of Bioscience Research. 01/2011;

  Batch mode experiments were carried out for the removal of Reactive black5 from aqueous solution using native and dead mycelia pellets/biomass of Alternaria raphani. The effect of process parameters like contact time, dosage of adsorbent, adsorbate concentration and pH on adsorption was investigated... [more] Batch mode experiments were carried out for the removal of Reactive black5 from aqueous solution using native and dead mycelia pellets/biomass of Alternaria raphani. The effect of process parameters like contact time, dosage of adsorbent, adsorbate concentration and pH on adsorption was investigated. Higher the dye concentrations lower the adsorption. Increase in biomass dosage increased the adsorption. Experimental data were analyzed by the Langmuir and freundlich isotherms. Adsorption capacity (Qo) of live biomass was 23.7mg/g, which was higher than autoclaved biomass studied. The second-order kinetic model by Ho and Mckay described well the experimental data. Acidic pH was favorable for the adsorption of RB5. Studies on pH effect and desorption show that chemisorptions and physisorption play a major role in the adsorption process. Among the biomass studied, live biomass showed a better adsorption capacity. Utilization of biomass is much safer as it does not pose any threat to environment. These results suggest that this fungus can be used in biotreatment process as biosorbent for reactive dyes.