Olanike Kudirat Adeyemo

Publications

• 0.95

  Impact points

  Cattle cruelty and risks of meat contamination at Akinyele cattle market and slaughter slab in Oyo State, Nigeria.

  Olanike Adeyemo, Isaac Adeyemi, Emmanuel Awosanya

  Tropical animal health and production. 06/2009;

  Cattle transported to the government-run cattle market and slaughter slab in Akinyele, Oyo State, Nigeria on their final voyage are facing a disturbingly cruel, filthy and unsafe environment that is also raising the risk of contamination of meat sold for human consumption. This report gives a pictur... [more] Cattle transported to the government-run cattle market and slaughter slab in Akinyele, Oyo State, Nigeria on their final voyage are facing a disturbingly cruel, filthy and unsafe environment that is also raising the risk of contamination of meat sold for human consumption. This report gives a picture of what the cattle have to go through before they are slaughtered. This study also reveals cattle awaiting slaughter in abysmal health conditions, cows pulled with extreme force towards lairage and slaughter slab. Equally disturbing is the filthy situation inside the abattoir where the risk of contamination of meat is significant. Also, poor meat handling, transportation and sales practices subject meat to contamination leading to poor quality and exposure of human consumers to health risk. Development of hygienic slaughter slab operations, improved transportation system for both livestock and meat is therefore recommended; not only for Akinyele, but all abattoirs and slaughter slabs in Nigeria.

• Comparative assessment of sodium edta and heparin as anticoagulants for the evaluation of haematological parameters in cultured and feral african catfish (Clarias gariepinus)

  Olanike Kudirat Adeyemo, O. O. Okwilagwe, Ajani F

  Brazilian Journal of Aquatic Science and Technology. 01/2009;

  This study investigates the effect of anticoagulants on haematological parameters in thirty (30) feral (wild) and thirty (30) pond cultured African catfish (Clarias gariepinus). The anticoagulants used in this study were lithium heparin and sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). Red blood ce... [more] This study investigates the effect of anticoagulants on haematological parameters in thirty (30) feral (wild) and thirty (30) pond cultured African catfish (Clarias gariepinus). The anticoagulants used in this study were lithium heparin and sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). Red blood cell (RBC) count, packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin concentration (Hb), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), total white blood cell (WBC) count and differential count were determined. No significant differences (p >0.05) were observed in the total RBC, WBC and MCHC values in the feral and pond cultured fish. In the pond cultured African catfish, the neutrophil values were significantly higher (p =0.001) than those of the feral African catfish irrespective of the anticoagulant used. The values for PCV, Hb, lymphocytes, eosinophils, MCV and MCHC of the feral African catfish were significantly higher (p <0.05) than those of the pond cultured African catfish irrespective of the anticoagulant used. The monocyte value for the feral fish was significantly higher (p =0.041) when EDTA was used as the anticoagulant. This study therefore concludes that both anticoagulants could be used for haematological evaluation of fish blood. Also, the habitat and environmental conditions should be taken into consideration when analyzing blood samples in fish.
• 0.82

  Impact points

  Histological alterations observed in the gills and ovaries of Clarias gariepinus exposed to environmentally relevant lead concentrations.

  Olanike K Adeyemo

  Journal of environmental health. 06/2008; 70(9):48-51.

  Sublethal levels of pollutants usually cause biochemical or physiological effects at the subcellular level in an organism. Death is too extreme a criterion for determination of whether a substance is harmful or not; it is therefore important to find biomarkers of health and sublethal toxicant effect... [more] Sublethal levels of pollutants usually cause biochemical or physiological effects at the subcellular level in an organism. Death is too extreme a criterion for determination of whether a substance is harmful or not; it is therefore important to find biomarkers of health and sublethal toxicant effects. In the 11 local-government areas of Ibadan, a large metropolitan area in Nigeria, previous studies of lead levels in surface water and fish ponds revealed surface water levels in ranges of 0.5-2.35 mg/L (mean = 0.76 mg/L) during the dry season and 1.15-2.20 mg/L (mean = 1.34 mg/L) during the rainy season, and a range of 1.09-2.9 mg/L (mean = 1.88 mg/L) in fish ponds. In the study reported here, Clarias gariepinus was exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations (0.0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, and 1 mg/L) of lead nitrate over a period of eight weeks. The goal was to assess histological alterations in the gills and ovaries. The lesions observed in the gills included epithelial hyperplasia, atrophy and fusion of gill filaments, and marked degeneration and necrosis of the epithelial cells, with hemorrhages and marked disorganization and rupture in the secondary lamellae. In the ovaries, diffuse mild degeneration and necrosis of the follicles were initially observed; subsequently, the groups exposed to higher concentrations of lead nitrate showed marked severe degeneration of ovarian follicles. The results of this work clearly indicate that lead has adverse effects on the gills and ovaries of Clarias gariepinis. The severity of lesions caused by lead nitrate was positively correlated with the concentration.

• Geographical information system (GIS) mapping of spatio-temporal pollution status of rivers in Ibadan, Nigeria.

  Olanike K Adeyemo, Olutayo O Babalobi

  Pakistan journal of biological sciences: PJBS. 05/2008; 11(7):982-8.

  More accurate spatio-temporal predictions of urban environment are needed as a basis for assessing exposures as a part of environmental studies and to inform urban protection policy and management. In this study, an information system was developed to manage the physico-chemical pollution informatio... [more] More accurate spatio-temporal predictions of urban environment are needed as a basis for assessing exposures as a part of environmental studies and to inform urban protection policy and management. In this study, an information system was developed to manage the physico-chemical pollution information of Ibadan river system, Oyo State, Southwest Nigeria. The study took into account the seasonal influences of point and non-point discharges on the levels of physico-chemical parameters. The overall sensitivity of the watershed to physicochemical environmental pollution revealed that during dry season, of the 22 (100%) sample points, only 3 (13.6%) were unpolluted; 6 (27.3%) were slightly polluted; 10(45.4%) were moderately polluted; 2 (9.1%) were seriously polluted and 1 (4.5%) was exceptionally polluted. During rainy season, 3 (13.6%) were unpolluted; 7 (31.8%) were slightly polluted; 9 (40.9%) were moderately polluted; 2 (9.1%) were seriously polluted and 1 (4.5%) was exceptionally polluted. There is a considerable environmental risk associated with the present level of pollution of the Ibadan river water body on fish health and biodiversity. This research provides a basis for aquatic management and assist in policy making at national and international levels. Appropriate strategies for the control of point and non-point pollution sources, amendments and enforcement of legislation should be developed.

• Bioconcentration of Lead in the Tissues of Feral and Laboratory Exposed Clarias gariepinus

  Adeyemo Olanike Kudirat

  Journal of Medical Sciences. 01/2008;

  This study focuses on Pb bioaccumulation in the different tissues of the African catfish ( Clarias gariepinus ). Ten Clarias gariepinus were randomly allotted to each of experimental groups A-E and exposed to sublethal concentrations (0.0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg L^-1, respecti... [more] This study focuses on Pb bioaccumulation in the different tissues of the African catfish ( Clarias gariepinus ). Ten Clarias gariepinus were randomly allotted to each of experimental groups A-E and exposed to sublethal concentrations (0.0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg L^-1, respectively) of lead nitrate in triplicates. Bioconcentration of lead was between 9-600 and 20.2-800 mg kg^-1 at 4 and 8 weeks, respectively in different tissues. Rate of bioconcentration of lead in tissues decreased with increase in lead concentration in culture water. The heart generally had the highest metal concentrations. The liver, in its role as a storage and detoxification organ, also accumulated high levels of lead. Muscles and skin accumulated much less lead concentrations. The lowest lead concentration (10.28 mg kg^-1) accumulated in the muscle of fish sampled from commercial fish ponds. This study has shown that lead pollution is of hazardous proportions in Ibadan and environs. This has severe consequences on aquatic fauna and humans who consume such contaminated fish and shellfish. It is therefore recommended that human and animal health surveillance and environmental monitoring of lead be more intensified. Skin and muscles should also be included in biomonitoring programmes, because they are consumed by the general public.

• Habitat assessment for seasonal variation of river pollution in Ibadan, Nigeria, in a geographic information systems interface.

  Olanike K Adeyemo

  Veterinaria italiana. 44(2):361-71.

  More accurate spatio-temporal predictions of urban environment are needed as a basis for assessing exposure in environmental studies and to inform urban protection policy and management authorities. Using habitat assessment protocol, the author assesses the pollution status of rivers in Ibadan, Nige... [more] More accurate spatio-temporal predictions of urban environment are needed as a basis for assessing exposure in environmental studies and to inform urban protection policy and management authorities. Using habitat assessment protocol, the author assesses the pollution status of rivers in Ibadan, Nigeria. Data used include hydrographic feature data and habitat assessment data. These basic environmental components are the result of the integration of a wide range of relatively independent factors which enable a more complex analysis of the environment in urban areas. Geographic information systems were used for data management, input and output of data and visualisation. The pollution status of the inland rivers assessed during the rainy season (July to September) and dry season (October to March) in the eleven local government areas in Ibadan suggested that out of the twenty-two sample points, seven (31.8%) and six (27.3%) were slightly polluted and nine (40.9%) and ten (45.4%) were moderately polluted during the rainy and dry seasons, respectively. The environmental models are focused on the assessment of surface-water quality of habitat in relation to human activities. Although the models are calibrated and tested by application in the metropolitan area of Ibadan, the structure of this project is applicable to other similar areas.

• THE HAEMATOLOGICAL RESPONSE OF CLARIAS GARIEPINUS TO CHANGES IN ACCLIMATION TEMPERATURE

  ADEYEMO, O.K, AGBEDE, S.A, OLANIYAN, A.O, SHOAGA, O.A

  African Journal of Biomedical Research (ISSN: 1119-5096) Vol 6 Num 2.

  The effect of different acclimation temperatures on physiological parameters of Clarias gariepinus over a period of eight weeks was assessed. Thirty-two fishes weighing approximately 400.0+5.0g were divided into four groups (A-D) of eight fish each, based on the water temperature to which they were ... [more] The effect of different acclimation temperatures on physiological parameters of Clarias gariepinus over a period of eight weeks was assessed. Thirty-two fishes weighing approximately 400.0+5.0g were divided into four groups (A-D) of eight fish each, based on the water temperature to which they were subjected: Group A (29+1°C) was the control while groups B (23+1°C), C (35+1°C) and D (41+1°C) were the test groups. Haematological and biochemical parameters were considered after eight weeks. The result showed that there was no significant difference (at p<0.05) in the values at 23+1°C, 35+1°C and 41+1 ° C, except for haematocrit (Ht), haemoglobin (Hb) and total plasma protein (TPP) values, which were significantly different at 23 ± 1 °C and 41 ± 1°C relative to the control (29 ± 1 °C). The implication of temperature fluctuation of aquatic ecosystem on flora and fauna is discussed in the text.

• Haematological and histopathological effects of Cassava Mill Effluent in Clarias gariepinus

  O.K. Adeyemo

  African Journal of Biomedical Research (ISSN: 1119-5096) Vol 8 Num 3.

  Adult Clarias gariepinus of mean weight and mean standard length of 450 ± 50gm and 34 ± 5 cm respectively were allotted to aquaria at 10 fish per group (A-D) in replicates, based on the dose of cassava wastewater (CWW) to be administered (2, 5, 10 and 15 mls) respectively. Group E served as the cont... [more] Adult Clarias gariepinus of mean weight and mean standard length of 450 ± 50gm and 34 ± 5 cm respectively were allotted to aquaria at 10 fish per group (A-D) in replicates, based on the dose of cassava wastewater (CWW) to be administered (2, 5, 10 and 15 mls) respectively. Group E served as the control. The different doses were administered to the various groups for three consecutive days. After 96 hours, no mortality was observed in the control (Group E) and the group (Group A) injected with 2mls of cassava wastewater (CWW), 20% mortality was observed in the group that were injected with 5mls (Group B) and 50% mortality was observed in the 10mls group (C). None survived (100%mortality) in the group that was injected with 15mls CWW. Haematological changes in groups A, B and C includes: Anaemia marked by significantly low (at p< 0.05) PCV, Hb and RBC (in B and C alone). MCV values were significantly low in all the experimental groups relative to the control; MCH value was significantly low in Group A, while MCHC was significantly low (p< 0.05) in groups B and C. The total white blood cell (WBC) count was significantly higher (p< 0.05) than the control in all the experimental groups. Histopathological lesions were marked in the fish injected with the higher dose (10ml), the fish revealed severe necrosis, hypertrophy and vacuolation of hepatocytes. Other observation during the experiment includes reduced activities (swimming), haemorrahagic patches on the ventral surface of the fish, general discoloration and anoxia.

• Effect of semen extenders on the motility and viability of stored African Catfish ( Clarias gariepinus ) spermatozoa

  O.K. Adeyemo, O.A. Adeyemo, M.O. Oyeyemi, S.A. Agbede

  Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management (ISSN: 1119-8362) Vol 11 Num 1.

  This study assessed the effects of common extenders and diluents on the spermatozoa of African catfish ( Clarias gariepinus ), with the intent of obtaining a semen preservation protocol that can serve as a means of making fingerlings available to fish farmers all year round. Semen samples (milt) wer... [more] This study assessed the effects of common extenders and diluents on the spermatozoa of African catfish ( Clarias gariepinus ), with the intent of obtaining a semen preservation protocol that can serve as a means of making fingerlings available to fish farmers all year round. Semen samples (milt) were pooled from mature broodstock males and pre-extension qualities were evaluated. Egg yolk, tomato juice and sodium citrate buffers were combined in four different trials and used to preserve obtained semen at temperatures of 5°C and -40°C for 8 days and 4 weeks respectively in different trials. Motility indices of extended, preserved, refrigerated and frozen semen were used to analyze the effect of the various combinations. Forward, progressive and rectilinear motion was employed as a significant measurement of the livability of extended sperm cells and the efficacy of the extender solution. The result of the study showed that the buffer (sodium citrate) on its own performed excellently well (sperm motility was 85%) in enhancing survival within the first 24-48 hours post extension; Semen extended with 20% tomato juice gave the best survival rate when stored at 5°C, because the sperm cells were still viable by day 6 post- extension. Extender containing 20% egg yolk gave 70% motility while that containing 10% egg yolk mixed with 10% tomato juice gave 60% motility. However, motility decreased progressively as the period of storage increased. The results of the effect of freezing (at -40°C) on motility revealed that no motility was observed in all the cryopreserved trials except the sample containing 10% egg yolk and 10% tomato juice, which recorded 10% post-thaw motility.

• Proliferative Responses of Tilapia T-Like Lymphocytes to Stimulation by Concanavalin A

  Adedeji O.B and Adeyemo O.K

  African Journal of Biomedical Research (ISSN: 1119-5096) Vol 8 Num 3.

  Peripheral blood lymphocytes were cultured in vitro in the presence of a mitogen; Concanavalin A (Con A), this resulted into a process described as lymphocyte transformation. The morphological changes in the cells were studied using phase contrast and electron microscopes. The results presented corr... [more] Peripheral blood lymphocytes were cultured in vitro in the presence of a mitogen; Concanavalin A (Con A), this resulted into a process described as lymphocyte transformation. The morphological changes in the cells were studied using phase contrast and electron microscopes. The results presented corroborated the existence of lymphocyte heterogeneity in tilapias.

• Acute toxicity of diazinon to the African catfish ( Clarias gariepinus )

  Olufemi Bolarinwa Adedeji, Adetola Olamide Adedeji, Olanike Kudirat Adeyemo, Samuel Adewumi Agbede

  African Journal of Biotechnology (ISSN: 1684-5315) Vol 7 Num 5.

  Pesticides and drugs used in agriculture and veterinary medicine may end up in aquatic environments and bioaccumulate in the food chain, thus posing serious problems for fauna and human health. The lethal concentrations of 50% of sample (LC50) and 25% (LC25) were determined using semi-static method.... [more] Pesticides and drugs used in agriculture and veterinary medicine may end up in aquatic environments and bioaccumulate in the food chain, thus posing serious problems for fauna and human health. The lethal concentrations of 50% of sample (LC50) and 25% (LC25) were determined using semi-static method. Eighty-four adult catfish were used for the toxicity study. Seven fish per test concentration in 2 replicates were exposed to varying concentrations of diazinon (0, 1.62, 3.24, 6.48, 12.96 and 25.96 ppm) in water. The effect of diazinon (LC50) 6.6 ppm was further studied to determine the effect on behavioural, blood parameters and plasma biochemistry. The fish in the experimental group showed restlessness, increased reaction to exogenous stimuli, incoordination of movement and postural orientation before death. It is obvious from this study that diazinon negatively affects respiration and produces nervous signs with decrease acetylcholinesterase activities in fishes.