Publications (23) View all
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Article: Effect of short-chain fructooligosaccharide-enriched energy-restricted diet on weight loss and serum haptoglobin concentration in Beagle dogs.
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ABSTRACT: The effects of the dietary inclusion of two levels of short-chain fructooligosaccharides (sc-FOS) on weight loss, biochemical parameters and serum haptoglobin concentration were investigated in twelve experimental obese Beagle dogs. Dogs were randomised into two groups and submitted to a weight loss program (WLP): the control group (C) received a commercial energy-restricted high-protein diet containing 1 % DM sc-FOS, whereas the test group (T) received the same diet enriched with sc-FOS to attain a 3 % DM content. Body weight (BW) and body condition score were weekly assessed in each dog and blood was collected before and after WLP to measure total plasma cholesterol (CHOL), TAG, NEFA, glucose (GLUC), insulin, serum leptin and haptoglobin. Groups showed similar BW and blood parameters before treatment. When values before and after treatment of the dogs were compared, significant reductions were observed for all parameters, with the exception of NEFA and GLUC. However, when these reductions were compared between C and T groups, significant differences were detected only for haptoglobin (T before v. T after: 1545 v. 605 mg/l, P = 0.03; C before v. C after: 1635 v. 1400 mg/l, P = NS). Positive correlations between haptoglobin and CHOL and between haptoglobin and TAG were observed before but not after WLP. In conclusion, feeding obese dogs with the energy-restricted diet caused significant weight loss and reduction of blood parameters, irrespective of the sc-FOS content included. However, serum haptoglobin level, and the subclinical inflammatory condition associated with it, was significantly lowered in the T but not in the C group.The British journal of nutrition 10/2011; 106 Suppl 1:S120-3. · 3.45 Impact Factor -
Article: Short-chain fructooligosaccharides influence insulin sensitivity and gene expression of fat tissue in obese dogs.
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ABSTRACT: Dietary fibers may modulate insulin resistance and glucose homeostasis in dogs. Their efficacy is, however, dependent on their origin, physical properties, and fermentability in the large bowel. Eight healthy Beagle dogs were fed a commercial diet at twice their maintenance requirements until they became obese. They were then maintained in the obese state and used in a cross-over design study to evaluate the effects of short-chain fructooligosaccharide (scFOS) supplementation (1% wt:wt dry matter in the diet). The euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp technique was performed before and after fattening and at the end of each 6-wk cross-over period. Fat tissue biopsies were taken in food-deprived and postprandial phases to measure mRNA abundance of genes involved with fatty acid, glucose metabolism, or inflammation. Insulin resistance appeared progressively with fattening and the rate of glucose infusion during euglycemic clamp was lower (P < 0.05) at the end of the fattening period (7.39 mg.kg(-1).min(-1)) than at baseline (21.21 mg.kg(-1).min(-1)). In stable obese dogs, scFOS increased (P < 0.05) the rate of glucose infusion compared with control (7.77 vs. 4.72 mg.kg(-1).min(-1)). Plasma insulin and triglyceride concentrations were greater in obese than in lean dogs but were not altered by scFOS. Whereas mRNA was not affected in food-deprived dogs, scFOS increased uncoupling protein 2 (P = 0.05) and tended to increase carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 adipose mRNA levels during the postprandial period (P = 0.09). Adding 1% scFOS to the diet of obese dogs decreases insulin resistance and appears to modulate the transcription of genes involved in fatty acid or glucose metabolism.Journal of Nutrition 10/2008; 138(9):1712-8. · 3.92 Impact Factor -
Article: Dietary fibre in dogs diet: comparisons between cellulose, pectin, guar gum, and between two incorporation rates of guar gum
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ABSTRACT: ZusammenfassungDer Einfluß von unterschiedlichen Rohfaser komponenten (Cellulose, Pektin Guar Gum) in Rationen für HundeZiel der folgenden Experimente war es die Wirkung der Zufuhr von Faserstoffen (FS) in einer Ration für gesunde Hunde zu untersuchen. In einer ersten Studie wurden 4 ausgewachsene Beagle-Hunde in einem 4 times 4 lateinischen Quadrat benutzt. Man verabreichte ihnen entweder eine Kontrolldiät (FF1) basierend auf Hackfleisch und gekochtem Reis oder die gleiche Diät angereichert mit Zellulose (CEL), Pektin (PEC) oder Guar (GG), in einem Anteil von 3.4% der Trockenmasse. Die Magenentleerungsrate, welche durch aufeinanderfolgende Röntgenaufnahmen während 12 Stunden gemessen wurde, tendierte zu niedrigeren Werten, wenn GG hinzugefügt worden war. Die Xylose Absorption im Darmtrakt bei den Tieren mit der Diätration wurde nicht beeinflußt durch GG und PEC, wurde aber signifikant verlangsamt mit CEL (p < 0.05). GG und PEC verringerten den Gehalt an Trockenmasse der Faeces (p < 0.001 und p < 0.01 jeweils). Das Hinzufügen von FS reduzierte die Verdaulichkeit der verschiedenen Nährstoffe, wobei die Differenz signifikant war mit CEL für die Trockenmasse (p < 0.05), mit GG für Eiweß (und Ätherextrakt (p < 0.05) und mit PEC für Eiweß (p < 0.001). Durch Hinzufügen von DF ergaben sich keine Veränderungen der Plasmakonzentrationen von Glukose, Insulin α-Amino-Nitrogen; Harnstoff und Triglyzeriden, im Vergleich zu denen, welche vor der Mahlzeit gemessen wurden. PEC verursachte eine höhere postprandiale Insulinkonzentration (p < 0.05). Der postprandiale Anstieg des Plasma α-Amino-Nitrogen und Harnstoffkonzentrationen wurde bedeutend reduziert durch GG (p < 0.05 und p < 0.01 jeweils). GG bewirkte eine geringere Konzentration von Plasma-Cholesterin, sowohl bei gefütterten als auch bei nicht gefütterten Tieren (p < 0.05).In einer zweiten Untersuchung wurden 6 crwachsene Beagles in zwei kombinierten lateinischen Quadrat-Modellen benutzt. Sie wurden entweder mit einer Kontrolldiät (FF2) auf Basis von Hackfleisch und gedämpftem Reis gefüttert, oder einer mit 3.5% und 7% GG angereicherten Diät, auf Trockenmassebasis. Der steigende Anteil an GG reduziert den Trockenmassegehalt der Faeces und erhöhte den Eiweißgehalt (p < 0.001). Ein die Dosis reduzierender Effekt auf die Verdaulichkeit der verschiedenen Nährstoffe und auf die Plasmakonzentrationen von Insulin α-Amino-Nitrogen und Harnstoff (p < 0.01 und p < 0.001) wurde ebenfalls beobachtet. Das Hinzufügen von 7% GG reduzierte die pre- und postprandialen Cholesterinplasmakonzentrationen (p < 0.01).SummaryThe aim of the present experiments was to investigate the effects of adding dietary fibre (DF) to the diets of healthy dogs. In a first study, four young adult Beagle dogs were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design. They were offered either a control diet (FF1) based on minced meat and cooked rice or the same diet supplemented with cellulose (CEL), pectin (PEC) or guar gum (GG) at an incorporation rate of 3.4% on dry matter basis. Gastric emptying rate, measured by sequential radiographs during the 12 h after the meal tended to be lowered when GG was added. The intestinal absorption of xylose measured on fasted animals was not affected by GG and PEC but was significantly delayed with CEL (p < 0.05). The GG and PEC decreased the dry matter content of the faeces (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01, respectively). The incorporation of DF reduced the digestibility of the different nutrients, the differences being significant with CEL for dry matter (p < 0.05), with GG for protein and ether extract (p < 0.05) and with PEC for protein (p < 0.001). There were no effects of DF supplementation on plasma glucose, insulin α-amino nitrogen, urea and triglycerides concentrations measured before the meal. PEC induced higher post-prandial insulin concentration (p < 0.05) expressed as area under the curve. The postprandial rise of plasma α-amino nitrogen and urea concentrations were significantly reduced with GG (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). The GG induced lower concentrations of plasma cholesterol both in non-fed or fed animals (p < 0.05).In the second study, six adult Beagle dogs were used in two combined 3x3 Latin square design. They were offered either a control diet (FF2) based on minced meat and steam-treated rice or a diet supplemented with 3.5% and 7% GG on a dry matter basis. The increasing levels of GG decreased the dry matter content of the faeces and increased the protein content (p < 0.001). A dose-level lowering-effect on the different nutrients digestibility and on plasma concentrations of insulin α-amino-nitrogen and urea (p < 0.01 or p < 0.001) was also observed. Inclusion of 7% GG decreased pre- and postprandial plasma cholesterol concentrations (p < 0.01).J Anim Physiol a Anim Nutr 02/2011; 78(1‐5):220 - 229. · 0.86 Impact Factor -
Article: Influence of obesity on plasma lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in dogs.
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ABSTRACT: To determine effects of obesity and diet in dogs on plasma lipid and lipoprotein concentrations by assaying plasma leptin and ghrelin concentrations and determining total plasma cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations as well as the concentrations of cholesterol and triglycerides in various lipoprotein classes (ie, very-low-density, low-density, and high-density lipoproteins). 24 Beagles; 12 lean (mean [+/- SEM] body weight, 12.7 +/- 0.7 kg) and 12 chronically obese (21.9 +/- 0.8 kg) dogs of both sexes, between 1 and 9 years old. Total plasma cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations; lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations; and plasma ghrelin, leptin, free fatty acids, insulin, and glucose concentrations were measured and compared between lean and obese dogs, both of which were fed a complete and balanced maintenance diet. Chronically obese dogs were subsequently fed a high-protein low-energy diet to evaluate effects of diet composition on plasma lipid and lipoprotein measurements. Chronic obesity resulted in a significant decrease in plasma ghrelin concentration and a significant increase in plasma leptin, cholesterol, and triglyceride concentrations in dogs. High total plasma cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations resulted from increased cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in all lipoprotein fractions. In obese dogs, modification of diet composition resulted in beneficial effects on plasma lipid and leptin concentrations, even before weight loss was observed. Correlations exist between obesity and plasma measurements (ie, lipoproteins, leptin, insulin, and ghrelin) commonly associated with obesity. Modification of diet composition to control energy intake improves plasma lipid and leptin concentrations in obese dogs.American Journal of Veterinary Research 02/2005; 66(1):81-6. · 1.27 Impact Factor -
Article: Effects of chronic obesity and weight loss on plasma ghrelin and leptin concentrations in dogs.
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ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate, in dogs, the effects of obesity and weight loss on plasma total ghrelin and leptin concentrations. Twenty-four Beagle dogs, 12 control lean and 12 obese dogs of both genders and aged between 1 and 9 years, were used for the experiments. Mean body weight was 12.7+/-0.7 kg for the lean group and 21.9+/-0.8 kg for the obese group. The trial was divided into three phases. During phase 1, all 24 Beagle dogs were fed a maintenance diet. During phase 2, the obese dogs were submitted to a weight loss protocol with a high protein-low energy diet. The weight loss protocol ended once dogs reached optimal body weight. During phase 3, the dogs that were submitted to the weight loss protocol were maintained at their optimal body weight for 6 months. Plasma total ghrelin, leptin, insulin and glucose concentrations were measured to evaluate the effects of obesity and weight loss on these parameters in dogs. Body weight, body condition score, thoracic and pelvic perimeters, and ingested food amounts were also recorded during the study. Obese dogs demonstrated a significant decrease in plasma ghrelin and a significant increase in plasma leptin and insulin concentrations when compared with control dogs. During weight loss, significant increases in plasma total ghrelin and glucose and significant decreases in plasma leptin and insulin were observed. The increase in plasma ghrelin concentrations seemed to be transient. Body weight and the morphometric parameters correlated positively with leptin concentrations and negatively with total ghrelin concentrations. These results suggest that ghrelin and leptin could play a role in dogs in the adaptation to a positive or negative energy balance, as observed in humans.Research in Veterinary Science 11/2005; 79(2):169-75. · 1.65 Impact Factor
