Krystyna Gałazka
Research interests
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Interestsgastric fundic gland polyps, Combating Neoplastic Diseases, RCAS1, Lymphomas, Metalloproteins
Publications
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A diagnostically difficult case of chronic myeloid neoplasm with eosinophilia and abnormalities of PDGFRA effectively treated with imatinib in accelerated phase: case report.
Polskie archiwum medycyny wewnȩtrznej. 12/2009; 119(12):838-41.
Chronic myeloid neoplasm with eosinophilia and abnormalities of platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA), referred to until 2008 as chronic eosinophilic leukemia, is distinguished from hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES), if accompanied by genetic abnormalities that enable to determine eo... [more] Chronic myeloid neoplasm with eosinophilia and abnormalities of platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA), referred to until 2008 as chronic eosinophilic leukemia, is distinguished from hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES), if accompanied by genetic abnormalities that enable to determine eosinophil clonality. Typically, HES has a benign course and glucocorticosteroids suffice to achieve remission. In chronic myeloid neoplasm with eosinophilia and abnormalities of PDGFRA the FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion gene can be detected. Its product is a protein showing tyrosine kinase activity leading to malignant proliferation of eosinophil precursors. Differential diagnosis of HES is often difficult because hypereosinophilia may also be reactive and may occur in many nonhematological as well as hematological disorders. Thus, reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)is indicated in all patients with HES in order to detect the FIP1L1-PDGFRA transcript. Traditional treatment of chronic myeloid neoplasm with cytostatic drugs results in a short-term and transient remission or stabilization of the disease. We present the case of a 52-year-old patient with chronic myeloid neoplasm with eosinophilia and abnormalities of PDGFRA, in whom acceleration occurred after a year of cytostatic therapy with hydroxyurea and was successfully treated with imatinib. It was impossible to unequivocally determine the type of bone marrow disease based on histologic criteria, and a wide spectrum of molecular tests differentiating the type of myeloid proliferation were necessary to establish the diagnosis. RT-PCR did not reveal BCR-ABL or JAK2 V617F mutation. Further molecular testing showed rearrangement involving the FIP1L1 gene, thus enabling implementation of targeted therapy.
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Primary cutaneous CD30+ lymphoproliferative disorder--a 10-year follow-up. A case report and differential diagnosis.
Polish journal of pathology : official journal of the Polish Society of Pathologists. 04/2009; 60(1):43-8.
Primary cutaneous CD30+ lymphoproliferative disorders (LPDs) are the second most common group of primary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCLs). The spectrum of LPDs includes lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP), primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma (C-ALCL) and borderline cases. The term "bord... [more] Primary cutaneous CD30+ lymphoproliferative disorders (LPDs) are the second most common group of primary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCLs). The spectrum of LPDs includes lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP), primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma (C-ALCL) and borderline cases. The term "borderline lesions" refers to cases where histological features are similar to LyP, but clinically behave as C-ALCL, or to cases where histological features are typical for C-ALCL, but clinically behave as LyP. We present a clinical and morphological picture of LPD in a 57-year old patient treated in the Department of Oncology and of a relapse after ten years of follow-up and discuss clinical and morphological differential diagnosis and the significance of such diagnosis.
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Histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis without granulocytic infiltration (the so called Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease).
Polish journal of pathology : official journal of the Polish Society of Pathologists. 01/2008; 59(1):55-61.
The report describes five cases of a rare disorder--necrotizing lymphadenitis--diagnosed in Polish patients in the Department of Pathomorphology, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, in the years 1993-2006. The disease was firstly described by Kikuchi and Fujimoto in the Oriental popu... [more] The report describes five cases of a rare disorder--necrotizing lymphadenitis--diagnosed in Polish patients in the Department of Pathomorphology, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, in the years 1993-2006. The disease was firstly described by Kikuchi and Fujimoto in the Oriental population of Japan in 1972 and for this reason it is called Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (or Kikuchi lymphadenitis). Its characteristic histological picture includes necrosis without granulocytic infiltrate surrounded by plasmocytoid monocytes, histiocytes (CD68+, lysozyme+, myeloperoxidase+) and immunoblasts, sometimes with atypia, with concomitant lymphocytes, predominantly cytotoxic T CD8+. The histology together with the rare occurrence of the disease in Poland may be a considerable diagnostic challenge for a pathologist, leading to misdiagnosing the lesion as a neoplastic process (malignant lymphoma).
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[Concomitant myeloid sarcoma and plasma cell myeloma--case report of a hitherto undescribed association of two neoplasms]
Polski merkuriusz lekarski : organ Polskiego Towarzystwa Lekarskiego. 09/2007; 23(134):120-3.
A 65-year-old male patient initially presented with a penile tumour, identified as myeloid sarcoma. Subsequent bone marrow investigation revealed the presence of a synchronous plasma cell myeloma, without any evidence of a bone marrow-based myeloproliferative disorder. Although the course of both ne... [more] A 65-year-old male patient initially presented with a penile tumour, identified as myeloid sarcoma. Subsequent bone marrow investigation revealed the presence of a synchronous plasma cell myeloma, without any evidence of a bone marrow-based myeloproliferative disorder. Although the course of both neoplasms was progressive, with increasing bone marrow involvement by the plasma cell myeloma and cutaneous dissemination of the myeloid sarcoma, both neoplasms remained confined to their original tissue compartments. Different biology of both tumours, including markedly divergent response to therapies, contributed to a significant clinical dilemma and finally to the patient demise 16 months after the presentation. While the association of plasma cell myeloma and various myeloid leukaemias is well documented, this is a first report of simultaneous occurrence of a myeloma and a myeloid sarcoma.
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Incidence of lymphomas in Poland. The national register data for 2006.
Polish journal of pathology : official journal of the Polish Society of Pathologists. 02/2007; 58(3):199-206.
In Poland, data on the incidence and mortality associated with malignancies are collected by the National Cancer Register (NCR). The Register is based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10), which does not allow for assessing the incidence of lymphatic neoplasms classified accordin... [more] In Poland, data on the incidence and mortality associated with malignancies are collected by the National Cancer Register (NCR). The Register is based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10), which does not allow for assessing the incidence of lymphatic neoplasms classified according to the WHO classification system enforced since 2001. Under the National Program of Combating Neoplastic Diseases that focuses on detection and diagnosing malignant lymphomas in Poland in order to record and precisely classify lymphatic neoplasms, in 2006, the Haematopathological Section of the Polish Society of Pathologists, acting in collaboration with the Polish Lymphoma Study Group, initiated a nationwide register of lymphatic malignancies, a continuation of the Register of Lymphomas for the Province of Małopolska. The register not only renders epidemiological data more specific, but also allows for a comprehensive quality control.
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High prevalence of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas in Polish population--1106 new cases diagnosed according to WHO classification in only one district.
Polish journal of pathology : official journal of the Polish Society of Pathologists. 02/2006; 57(1):45-52.
The authors present the true incidence of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas basing on the cases diagnosed in Małopolska district during one-year period. The data point to higher lymphoma morbidity than the incidence of them reported by National Cancer Register. Noteworthy is also the distribution of lymph... [more] The authors present the true incidence of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas basing on the cases diagnosed in Małopolska district during one-year period. The data point to higher lymphoma morbidity than the incidence of them reported by National Cancer Register. Noteworthy is also the distribution of lymphoma types in Polish population being different from that one reported in majority of other Europe countries. The present report indicate the lymphomas become growing diagnostic and clinical challenge, as they place among the most frequent neoplasms in population.
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[Comparative analysis of CD56 lymphocytes and CD69 antigen expression in endometrium during decidualization]
Przegla̧d lekarski. 02/2006; 63(4):176-8.
INTRODUCTION: The exceptionality of endometrium, differentiating it from other epithelial tissues is related with its ability to regulate the number and activity of infiltrating immunological cells according to menstrual cycle phases. The aim of this study was a comparative evaluation of the number ... [more] INTRODUCTION: The exceptionality of endometrium, differentiating it from other epithelial tissues is related with its ability to regulate the number and activity of infiltrating immunological cells according to menstrual cycle phases. The aim of this study was a comparative evaluation of the number of CD56 positive cells, as well the analysis of CD69 antigen expression during decidualization. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The expression of CD56 and CD69 antigens was analyzed using the immunohistochemistry method in 20 decidual tissue samples derived after curettage following spontaneous abortion and in 38 endometrial tissue samples obtained during hysterectomy performed because of benign myoma diagnosis. The endometrial tissue samples were divided regarding to the menstrual cycle phases. Following phases were distinguished: early proliferative, mid-proliferative, late proliferative, early secretory, mid secretory and late secretory. RESULTS: The higher CD56 positive cells were recognized in the endometrium during mid secretory cycle phase. The number of CD56 positive cells was significantly lower in endometrium, independent of menstrual cycle phase in comparison to endometrium following abortion. The expression of CD69 antigen was observed to increase beginning with early secretory cycle phase and remained at high level during the secretory cycle phase and the abortion. CONCLUSIONS: The observed differences in the number of CD56 positive cells during decidualization without the changes in immune cells activity evaluated using CD69 antigen expression may indicate the participation of activated mononuclear cells in the normal development of pregnancy beginning with implantation.
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[Primary adrenal lymphoma in incidentally discovered adrenal tumour]
Przegla̧d lekarski. 02/2006; 63(8):701-5.
The new imaging techniques used during the last several years: ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging have improved detection of non-functional adrenal tumours s.c. "incidentaloma". Incidence of adrenal incidentaloma is not very low. They are detected in about 0.35-... [more] The new imaging techniques used during the last several years: ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging have improved detection of non-functional adrenal tumours s.c. "incidentaloma". Incidence of adrenal incidentaloma is not very low. They are detected in about 0.35-4.36% CT examination. In most of cases incidentaloma are benign and gave no clinical signs; however primary adrenal cortex cancer and metastases of different cancers are not uncommon. The primary adrenal lymphoma is an extremely rare disease. The predominant group of patients are men over 50 years with other manifestations of non Hodgkin lymphoma. Most frequently both adrenal glands are affected and signs of adrenal insufficiency (despite weakness, fever and loss of weight) are present. In our paper we present a case of primary, unilateral lymphoma in a 19 year old women. It was discovered as incidentaloma in ultrasound examination. Hormonal examinations were normal, but the tumour size was indication for surgery treatment. The diagnosis was made by histological examination and adjuvant chemotherapy was administrated.
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1.49Impact points
History and current status of Polish gastroenterological pathology.
Journal of physiology and pharmacology : an official journal of the Polish Physiological Society. 01/2004; 54 Suppl 3:183-92.
The present paper summarizes the contribution of Polish investigators to the development of gastroenterology, and especially pathology of the gastrointestinal tract. We called to mind meritorious scientists among the 19(th)-century and modern pathologists. Especially interesting are discoveries of B... [more] The present paper summarizes the contribution of Polish investigators to the development of gastroenterology, and especially pathology of the gastrointestinal tract. We called to mind meritorious scientists among the 19(th)-century and modern pathologists. Especially interesting are discoveries of Browicz, being the first, who described typhus bacilli and shortly after Kupffer - fagocytozing cells in the liver. Noteworthy are detailed description of tumorous lesions being the contribution to oncological pathology of the gastrointestinal tract as well as the reports on congenital malformations (i.e. esophageal fistulas). Moreover we remind the investigators dealing with pathology of gastric ulcer disease, its pathogenesis and mechanisms of healing. Of great importance was also the discovery of regeneration existing also outside the mucosal surfaces. In the paper, besides the above-mentioned Tadeusz Browicz investigations of professors: Leśniowski, Ciechanowski, Kowalczykowa, Stachura, Konturek are called to mind.
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Synchronous primary heart liposarcoma and papillary renal carcinoma--a case report.
Polish journal of pathology : official journal of the Polish Society of Pathologists. 02/2003; 54(2):153-9.
A case of synchronous primary cardiac dedifferentiated liposarcoma and papillary renal carcinoma is presented. The occurrence of typical areas of round cell liposarcoma made the pathological diagnosis of the sarcoma relatively easy; however the neoplasm was not diagnosed correctly before the autopsy... [more] A case of synchronous primary cardiac dedifferentiated liposarcoma and papillary renal carcinoma is presented. The occurrence of typical areas of round cell liposarcoma made the pathological diagnosis of the sarcoma relatively easy; however the neoplasm was not diagnosed correctly before the autopsy. Cardiac liposarcoma is a very rare primary malignant neoplasm and its diagnosis based on image procedures may be extremely difficult especially at non-advanced stage of disease.
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Pluribus unum of primary gastric antigen-dependent lymphomas.
Polish journal of pathology : official journal of the Polish Society of Pathologists. 02/2002; 53(4):239-46.
The paper presents start-of-art knowledge of primary gastric B-cell lymphomas. Despite the progress of the investigations, a lot of questions remain still unanswered and many doubts wait for explanation.... [more] The paper presents start-of-art knowledge of primary gastric B-cell lymphomas. Despite the progress of the investigations, a lot of questions remain still unanswered and many doubts wait for explanation.
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Evaluation of the proliferative activity as an adjuvant helpful tool in the diagnosis of primary gastric lymphoma in gastrobiopsy.
Polish journal of pathology : official journal of the Polish Society of Pathologists. 02/2001; 52(4):205-9.
Gastrobiopsy specimens obtained from 15 patients, in whom gastroscopy examination pointed to gastric cancer and primary gastric lymphoma was later diagnosed in surgical material after gastrectomy, were immunostained using the anti MIB-1 antibody to assess the proliferative index. A control study was... [more] Gastrobiopsy specimens obtained from 15 patients, in whom gastroscopy examination pointed to gastric cancer and primary gastric lymphoma was later diagnosed in surgical material after gastrectomy, were immunostained using the anti MIB-1 antibody to assess the proliferative index. A control study was carried out on representative surgical specimens from these patients and on 10 gastrobiopsy specimens from patients in whom histopathology revealed moderate/severe gastritis. The proliferative activity was assessed with respect to the type of lymphoma (primary gastric marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue MALT type vs. diffuse large B-cell lymphoma) and stage of the lymphoma, and we compared the proliferative indices between inflammatory infiltrate and lymphoma cells. There were significant differences in the proliferative indices between inflammatory infiltrate and lymphoma cells, with immunohistochemical reactivity for MIB-1 antigen being visible even in the case of markedly mechanically damaged (crushed) gastrobiopsy material and accompanying necrosis. There were also differences in the proliferative indices between the groups of lymphomas varying in stage, although without statistical significance. There were no statistical differences in the rate of proliferation between lymphomas varying in "malignancy". The present results argue for the auxiliary role of the assessment of proliferative activity in gastrobiopsy material facilitating differentiation between inflammatory infiltrate and neoplastic infiltrate, especially in cases where mechanical damage or necrosis do not allow for precise histopathological evaluation.
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Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma of the bronchus.
Polish journal of pathology : official journal of the Polish Society of Pathologists. 02/2000; 51(3):153-7.
The authors describe an extremely rare case of epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma of bronchial mucous glands involving lower lobe of the right lung, which was detected on a routine radiological examination in a 34-year-old woman, and then surgically resected.... [more] The authors describe an extremely rare case of epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma of bronchial mucous glands involving lower lobe of the right lung, which was detected on a routine radiological examination in a 34-year-old woman, and then surgically resected.
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Factors associated with progression of primary gastric marginal zone B-cell lymphomas of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT type).
Polish journal of pathology : official journal of the Polish Society of Pathologists. 02/2000; 51(3):115-25.
Sixty cases of primary MALT type lymphomas were subjected to a retrospective analysis, which assessed the proliferative (PI) and apoptotic (AI) indices. The MIB-1 antibody was used for the Ki-67 proliferative antigen epitope, as well as the Apoptag In Situ Apoptosis Detection Kit (Oncor). The group ... [more] Sixty cases of primary MALT type lymphomas were subjected to a retrospective analysis, which assessed the proliferative (PI) and apoptotic (AI) indices. The MIB-1 antibody was used for the Ki-67 proliferative antigen epitope, as well as the Apoptag In Situ Apoptosis Detection Kit (Oncor). The group included 32 low-grade and 28 high-grade lymphomas. In addition, the high-grade lymphomas group was divided into subgroups, depending on the presence or absence of a low-grade component. Significant differences were demonstrated in proliferative and apoptotic indices for cases differing with respect to their histological grade and stage. In low-grade lymphomas, the increase of AI value was associated with the increase of blast cells in the neoplastic infiltrate. It was necessary to exclude from this group cases of intensified plasmocytic differentiation, as such intensified differentiation alone was associated with increased AI values also. Considerable variations were noted in AI and PI values, even in groups with the same histological grade. The results suggest a potential clinical importance of AI and PI evaluations, stressing the necessity of treating each case of primary MALT type lymphoma individually. It appears that histological grade and stage evaluation alone may be insufficient when planning the management and prognosticating the response to therapy.
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Primary localized cutaneous amyloidosis--lichen amyloidosus. A case report.
Polish journal of pathology : official journal of the Polish Society of Pathologists. 02/1999; 50(2):119-22.
We report a case of primary localized cutaneous amyloidosis-lichen amyloidosus in a 55-year-old man. Immunohistochemistry using antibodies against cytokeratin and AL immunoglobulins revealed the presence of both components in amyloid foci located subepidermally, mainly in dermal papillae. The result... [more] We report a case of primary localized cutaneous amyloidosis-lichen amyloidosus in a 55-year-old man. Immunohistochemistry using antibodies against cytokeratin and AL immunoglobulins revealed the presence of both components in amyloid foci located subepidermally, mainly in dermal papillae. The results of histochemical reactions confirm the keratin-derived nature of amyloid in primary cutaneous amyloidosis.
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[Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in the course of allergic pulmonary alveolitis]
Pneumonologia i alergologia polska : organ Polskiego Towarzystwa Ftyzjopneumonologicznego, Polskiego Towarzystwa Alergologicznego, i Instytutu Gruźlicy i Chorób Płuc. 02/1998; 66(3-4):221-5.
20 years old man with history of acute allergic alveolitis 7 years ago, was admitted to hospital because of dyspnea, fever and cough after massive exposition to organic dust. Corticosteroids were introduced. During 3-weeks treatment respiratory failure progressed. Chest x-ray showed massive bilatera... [more] 20 years old man with history of acute allergic alveolitis 7 years ago, was admitted to hospital because of dyspnea, fever and cough after massive exposition to organic dust. Corticosteroids were introduced. During 3-weeks treatment respiratory failure progressed. Chest x-ray showed massive bilateral nodular opacities. Antibiotic therapy was not effective. The autopsy revealed invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Presence of precipitins to aspergillus fumigatus was confirmed postmortem. Diagnostic difficulties are discussed.
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Gastric fundic gland polyps (Elster's polyps) and Helicobacter pylori-induced gastritis.
Polish journal of pathology : official journal of the Polish Society of Pathologists. 02/1997; 48(3):159-61.
In a series of 555 gastric polyps characteristic Elster's polyps were identified in 31 cases. Spiral bacteria (Helicobacter pylori) in these polyps were sporadic, much less frequent (9.7%) than in hyperplastic polyps (35%) in the present series and in relation to the bacteria frequency found in ... [more] In a series of 555 gastric polyps characteristic Elster's polyps were identified in 31 cases. Spiral bacteria (Helicobacter pylori) in these polyps were sporadic, much less frequent (9.7%) than in hyperplastic polyps (35%) in the present series and in relation to the bacteria frequency found in our randomly chosen gastric biopsy specimens (43%). The present results indicate that Elster's polyps are not readily colonized by Helicobacter pylori and accordingly, they do not show the signs of active gastritis. The reasons for this are unknown. One of the mechanisms preventing from bacterial colonization may be a different from normal gastric mucosa and other polyps character of mucus produced by glandular neck cells, which was found in our series of gastric fundic gland polyps.
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Synchronous carcinoma and primary MALT-lymphoma of the stomach. A report of two cases.
Polish journal of pathology : official journal of the Polish Society of Pathologists. 02/1997; 48(1):57-62.
A synchronous presentation of an adenocarcinoma and a primary low grade B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) in the stomach is reported in a 73-year-old woman and a 55-year-old man. The diagnosis was based on microscopic examination of surgical specimens with immunohistochemis... [more] A synchronous presentation of an adenocarcinoma and a primary low grade B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) in the stomach is reported in a 73-year-old woman and a 55-year-old man. The diagnosis was based on microscopic examination of surgical specimens with immunohistochemistry. A possible etiology of the simultaneous presence of these two neoplasms in the stomach is discussed on the basis of our own material and review of the literature.
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[Acute mechanical intestinal obstruction]
Wiadomości lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland : 1960). 04/1988; 41(6):351-5.
Following (3)
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Anastazja Stój
Uniwersytet Jagielloński -
Jan Bahyrycz
Jagiellonian University in Kraków -
Grzegorz Dyduch
Uniwersytet Jagielloński
Topics (1)
