Khachik Muradian

Publications (42) View all

• Article: [Effects of relic microorganism B. sp. on development, gaseous exchange, spontaneous motor activity, stress resistance and survival of Drosophila melanogaster].

  A V Brushkov, V V Bezrukov, G I Griva, Kh K Muradian
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  ABSTRACT: The effect of relic microorganism B. sp., living in severe environment of Siberian permafrost during thousands and millions of years, on development and stress resistance of Drosophila melanogaster has been studied. In manipulating with such objects with practically "eternal life span", molecular carriers of the unprecedented longevity potential and possibilities of their transmission to other biological objects should primarily be addressed. Here we discuss for the first time the influence of B. sp. application on development, survival, stress resistance and the gross physiological predictors of aging rate in D. melanogaster. To establish optimal and toxic doses, wide range of B. sp. concentrations were tested (1-500 million cells of B. sp. per 1 ml of the flies feeding medium). Surprisingly, no toxic effects of B. sp. could be registered even on such a "sensitive" model as the developing larvae. In fact, the rate of development, survival and body mass gradually increased with elevation of B. sp. concentration. The gain of higher body mass within shorter periods of development could indicate enhanced anabolic and/ or declined catabolic effects of B. sp. Higher motor activity and gaseous exchange rates were observed in imagoes developed on the mediums with B. sp. application. Survival of these flies at the heat shock (30 min at 38 degrees C) and ultraviolet irradiation (60 min, 50W UV lamp) was increased, indicating elevated stress resistance, apparently due to stimulation of DNA-repair and chaperone-mediated protection of macromolecules. Further research is clearly warranted to identify more efficient anti-stress and antiaging preparations and schemes of B. sp. application on models of laboratory mammals and human cell cultures.
  Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiĭskai͡a akademii͡a nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo 01/2011; 24(2):198-206.
• Source

  Available from: uni-leipzig.de

  Article: Age-dependence of lipid parameters in the general population and vegetarians.

  V Richter, F Rassoul, B Hentschel, K Kothe, M Krobara, R Unger, K Purschwitz, W Rotzsch, J Thiery, K Muradian
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  ABSTRACT: Age-dependent changes of lipid metabolism may arise both as a result of mechanisms of biological ageing and factors influencing age-dependent changes. To study possible influences of nutrition and life-style of vegetarians on age-dependence of lipid parameters, subjects of general population were compared with vegetarians. In the frame of population-based lipid screening projects in the city of Leipzig/Germany (Lipid Study Leipzig, LSL) 10 550 subjects (3,816 men and 6,734 women, age 18-99 years) of general population were compared with 417 vegetarians (vegans, lacto-vegetarians, lacto-ovo-vegetarians, 148 men and 269 women, age 18-93 years). Most of the vegetarians included in the study were members of the German Society of Vegetarians. The study program included capillary blood cholesterol measurements and the determination of high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, the measurement of other cardiovascular risk factors and the evaluation of dietary and life-style factors. Evaluation of cardiovascular risk profile within LSL was connected with individual consultation. The mean total cholesterol and non-HDL-cholesterol level and the total: HDL-cholesterol ratio showed the expected age-dependence, with maximum values within the decade 60-70 years. Vegetarians showed lower total and non-HDL-cholesterol levels in comparison with the general population. Furthermore, the age-dependent increase of these parameters is less pronounced under the conditions of vegetarian nutrition and life-style. Especially in young adulthood a significant difference is observed. Thus, the results of the present study reveal the role of nutritional and life-style factors that determine the lipid profile on a population basis and suggest that the known age-dependent rise of the level of atherogenic plasma lipoproteins is partly preventable.
  Zeitschrift für Gerontologie + Geriatrie 07/2004; 37(3):207-13. · 0.61 Impact Factor
• Article: The role of apoptosis in aging and age-related disease: update.

  K Muradian, D O Schachtschabel
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  ABSTRACT: Programmed death of cells by apoptosis is regarded as a protective mechanism of the organism against an accumulation and spread of defective cells. The rate of apoptosis is elevated in most types of aging cell populations. However, there are also findings about a decreased susceptibility of senescent cells in vivo and in vitro, particularly to apoptosis induced by oxidative and energetic stress. Mitochondria appear to have a key function in apoptosis regulation. Thus, apoptosis can be induced by defective mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. The role of apoptosis in aging and age-related disease was outlined for different organs (brain, cardio-vascular system, immune system, intestine, macula of the eye, Langerhans islets, prostate gland, oocytes of ovaries). The age-related intensification of this dismantling system of cells seems to highlight the deterioration of tissue and organ structure and function in aging.
  Zeitschrift für Gerontologie + Geriatrie 01/2002; 34(6):441-6. · 0.61 Impact Factor
• Article: [Relation between membrane potential changes and DNA, RNA and protein synthesis in regenerating liver cells after partial hepatectomy].

  V V Frol'kis, N M Turaeva, Kh K Muradian, E L Levitskiĭ
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  ABSTRACT: Variations in the membrane potential and in DNA, RNA and protein synthesis were studied in experiments on rats at varying times after hepatectomy. Hyperpolarization of the hepatocyte plasmatic membrane was shown to develop during liver regeneration along with activation of DNA, RNA and protein synthesis. Actinomycin D prevented the development of hyperpolarization and activation of RNA and protein synthesis. Administration of liver filtrates from hepatectomized rats to intact recipients induced hyperpolarization of liver cells. Activation of protein biosynthesis following hepatectomy resulted in hyperpolarization of the cell membrane, this action being mediated via formation of a specific membrane-active factor.
  Biulleten' eksperimental'noĭ biologii i meditsiny 04/1981; 91(3):362-4.
• Article: [Effect of protein synthesis inhibitors on longevity].

  V V Frol'kis, L N Bogatskaia, S A Stupina, Kh K Muradian, A N Timchenko
  Doklady Akademii nauk SSSR 02/1980; 251(4):1009-11.