Jaromir Piotr Jeszke

Publications

• [Ludwik Fleck and paradigm of Polish historiography of medicin]

  Jaromir Jeszke

  Medycyna nowozytna : studia nad historia medycyny / Polska Akademia Nauk, Instytut Historii Nauki. 02/2004; 11(1):33-46.

  The paper shows relations between Ludwik Fleck's philosophy of sciences and paradigm of polish historiography of medicine. The author defines historiographicall paradigm and talk over attributes of specific polish medical historiography. In this context the author shows abilities and limitations... [more] The paper shows relations between Ludwik Fleck's philosophy of sciences and paradigm of polish historiography of medicine. The author defines historiographicall paradigm and talk over attributes of specific polish medical historiography. In this context the author shows abilities and limitations for reception desk of Flek's ideas within polish historiography of medicine in XX of age. Especially important place puts hither relations of Fleck's conceptions for traditions so-called ,polish school of history medicine". The author took account of his considerable with T. Bilikiewicz and ideological atmosphere for planting history of medicine after WORLD WAR II in Poland. The important take of the paper is appreciation of importance his (Flack's) ideas for contemporary study on history of medicine in Poland. Author believes, that Flekck's conceptions can be available source of theoretical inspiration in process formations of "theoretical history of medicine".

• [The problem of environmental protection in scientific research and medical teaching in Wielkopolska in the years 1945-2000]

  Jaromir Jeszke, Mieczysław Jeszke

  Medycyna nowozytna : studia nad historia medycyny / Polska Akademia Nauk, Instytut Historii Nauki. 02/2002; 9(1-2):147-63.

  The article, using a selected region, Wielkopolska, as an example, answers the question in what way science and teaching have reacted to the influence of the problem of the natural environment and its protection on the lives and health of people and on the quality of life. A survey of environmental ... [more] The article, using a selected region, Wielkopolska, as an example, answers the question in what way science and teaching have reacted to the influence of the problem of the natural environment and its protection on the lives and health of people and on the quality of life. A survey of environmental research and teaching covered the period 1945-2000. This fifty year period accepted by the authors of the article seems a sufficient basis on which to judge the quality of scientific trends connected with this topic. The Wielkopolska survey is discussed against the background of society's growing expectations, expressed in the postulates of environmental organizations and in the concepts of eco-development, preferred by many European and some Polish communities.

• [Homeopathic collections at the Institute of Medical History of Stuttgart's R. Bosch Foundation]

  J Jeszke

  Medycyna nowozytna : studia nad historia medycyny / Polska Akademia Nauk, Instytut Historii Nauki. 02/2001; 8(2):209-15.

  The author contains the history, review and characteristics of the homeopathic collections kept at the Institute of Medical History in Stuttgart. This is the legacy of Samuel and Melania Hahnemann and other German homeopathic physicians. It encompasses printed texts, documentation of diseases, perso... [more] The author contains the history, review and characteristics of the homeopathic collections kept at the Institute of Medical History in Stuttgart. This is the legacy of Samuel and Melania Hahnemann and other German homeopathic physicians. It encompasses printed texts, documentation of diseases, personal manuscripts and elements of 'homeopathic material culture'. The review of the collections described in the article has been arranged in such a way as to serve as a guide for those researching this area.

• [Jerzy Kmita's conception of a theoretical history of science as an instrument in the study of the history of medical sciences]

  J Jeszke

  Kwartalnik historii nauki i techniki : Kwartal'nyĭ zhurnal istorii nauki i tekhniki -. 02/1998; 43(2):45-62.

  In the approach taken by Jerzy Kmita, the theoretical history of science is such reflexion on the history of scientific praxis that recognizes as its point of departure the technological role of that praxis as its defining function, while at the same time recognizing that such praxis is regulated in... [more] In the approach taken by Jerzy Kmita, the theoretical history of science is such reflexion on the history of scientific praxis that recognizes as its point of departure the technological role of that praxis as its defining function, while at the same time recognizing that such praxis is regulated in subjective-rational terms by the specific domain of modern European culture which is symbolically described as science. In this understanding science is social methodological awareness, i.e. the whole of norms and directives that are respected by the research community and which universally regulate scientific praxis in rational-subjective terms. The theoretical history of science takes account of two kinds of considerations, treating science as (1) the subjective-rational source of scientific praxis, and thus indirectly also of scientific knowledge (which is true, probably true, or coming closer to the truth than the already existent scientific knowledge); (2) a subjective-rational cultural regulator of scientific praxis and knowledge that is functionally determined by the needs of technological effectiveness, and possibly also evaluate-religious and educational effectiveness, and that is capable of satisfying such needs. Following the historical changes of those aspects is not subject to evaluative judgements relating to the plausibility of the emerging scientific knowledge, the developmental phases of science or the ideals of truth. The proposed theoretical history of science constitutes only an attempt to reconstruct the said phenomena in subjective-rational terms, and hence has a culture-descriptive character. The aim of the article is to present the potential and limitations of using this conception for the study of the history of medical sciences.

• [Hygiene issues in polish academic centres of the period of twenty years of Poland's independence after World War I]

  M Jeszke, J Jeszke

  Archiwum historii i filozofii medycyny / Polskii Towarzystwo Historii Medycyny i Farmacji. 02/1997; 60(4):327-44.

  Within the discipline as such, among Polish scientists of the period of twenty years of independence after the World War I, there was no agreement as to the understanding of the area of hygiene interests and as to the role of it. On one poend it was placed a concept of hygiene as the remedy towards ... [more] Within the discipline as such, among Polish scientists of the period of twenty years of independence after the World War I, there was no agreement as to the understanding of the area of hygiene interests and as to the role of it. On one poend it was placed a concept of hygiene as the remedy towards the basic sanitary inadvertences, covering only narrow segments of relationship between the organism condition and individual environment elements of positive or negative importance for health. This depiction was bringing a hygienist closer to such disciplines as physiology, pathophysiology, toxicology, bacteriology etc., it imposed typically natural point of view and research workshop. On the second end the issue of health has been considered within the broad social and cultural context. In such a meaning hygiene goes beyond the narrow concept of medicine, since the latter has not been able to replace the shortages of civilisation and it has not been interested in issues of cultural adaptation of desired sanitary behaviour. As a matter of fact, both views have been excluding each other, adopting different and "incommensurate" visions of the "world and human being" as well as methodological depictions. In the time under discussion, within Polish territories, a thesis, that individual health has a social dimension, makes a considerable economic value, decides on the defence abilities of state, so it is in the interest of the whole society the care for health of all members of society - was still having virtues of uniqueness. It was going like that despite earlier activity of many outstanding Polish hygienists, giving fruits both in information campaigns planned on a wide scale and civilisation experiments. ...

• [Historian and physician as researchers of the history of medical sciences]

  J Jeszke

  Medycyna nowozytna : studia nad historia medycyny / Polska Akademia Nauk, Instytut Historii Nauki. 02/1997; 4(1-2):63-83.

  It can be observed that recently the historiography of medical sciences has anew searched for its own identity and its place among other medical and historical sciences. On the one hand, the researchers in this field are not physicians exclusively any longer but more and more frequently the represen... [more] It can be observed that recently the historiography of medical sciences has anew searched for its own identity and its place among other medical and historical sciences. On the one hand, the researchers in this field are not physicians exclusively any longer but more and more frequently the representatives of other medical professions and professional historians, as well. On the other hand, the major direction of interest to the history of medical sciences, i.e. cultivating the traditions of medical professions and molding the attitudes of environments related with them is not sufficient in the long run. The variety of extra source knowledge, shared in the community of researches, diverse research approaches, hierarchy of problems worth studying and, finally scientific traditions individual research groups derive from have produced a significant ferment in the medical environments. At last disputes have been held, although quite often unofficially during various scientific meetings, on professional qualification of a historian of medical sciences and sometimes on the scope of his or her discipline. The author analyzes in detail the divergence in the features of individual study approaches for both groups and their consequences. The author's standpoint is that it is necessary to be aware of the diverse study approaches and hierarchy of problem eligible for studying to break the distinction and create interdisciplinary units. This will allow an interparadigmatic dialog, a professional division of work and search for the area of common interest, while retaining methodological autonomic features.

• [Relations between the physician and patient in Polish medical history studies]

  J Jeszke

  Archiwum historii i filozofii medycyny / Polskii Towarzystwo Historii Medycyny i Farmacji. 02/1995; 58(4):453-65.

  The author has presented the critical evaluation of Polish medical historiography, upbraiding it with concentration at the successes of scientific medicine, with not noticing this what is included into folk medicine or paramedicine and total lack of interest in patient. He can see the correct intere... [more] The author has presented the critical evaluation of Polish medical historiography, upbraiding it with concentration at the successes of scientific medicine, with not noticing this what is included into folk medicine or paramedicine and total lack of interest in patient. He can see the correct interest in social problems of medicine history only in works and centres dominated by the professional historians, not by the physicians. Despite the censorious opinion by the reviewer, the editorial staff has decided to publish the article accompanied by the answer to review, treating it as the introduction to methodological discussion between the medicine historians - physicians and historians - who are engaged in the history of medicine.