Publications (63) View all
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Article: Activation of a Non-cAMP/PKA Signaling Pathway Downstream of the PTH/PTHrP Receptor Is Essential for a Sustained Hypophosphatemic Response to PTH Infusion in Male Mice.
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ABSTRACT: PTH increases urinary Pi excretion by reducing expression of two renal cotransporters [NaPi-IIa (Npt2a) and NaPi-IIc (Npt2c)]. In contrast to acute transporter regulation that is cAMP/protein kinase A dependent, long-term effects require phospholipase C (PLC) signaling by the PTH/PTHrP receptor (PPR). To determine whether the latter pathway regulates Pi through Npt2a and/or Npt2c, wild-type mice (Wt) and animals expressing a mutant PPR incapable of PLC activation (DD) were tested in the absence of one (Npt2a(-/-) or Npt2c(-/-)) or both phosphate transporters (2a/2c-dko). PTH infusion for 8 days caused a rapid and persistent decrease in serum Pi in Wt mice, whereas serum Pi in DD mice fell only transiently for the first 2 days. Consistent with these findings, fractional Pi excretion index was increased initially in both animals, but this increase persisted only when the PPR Wt was present. The hypophosphatemic response to PTH infusion was impaired only slightly in PPR Wt/Npt2c(-/-) or DD/Npt2c(-/-) mice. Despite lower baselines, PTH infusion in PPR Wt/Npt2a(-/-) mice decreased serum Pi further, an effect that was attenuated in DD/Npt2a(-/-) mice. Continuous PTH had no effect on serum Pi in 2a/2c-dko mice. PTH administration increased serum 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 levels in Wt and DD mice and increased levels above the elevated baseline with ablation of either but not of both transporters. Continuous PTH elevated serum fibroblast growth factor 23 and blood Ca(2+) equivalently in all groups of mice. Our data indicate that PLC signaling at the PPR contributes to the long-term effect of PTH on Pi homeostasis but not to the regulation of 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3, fibroblast growth factor 23, or blood Ca(2+).Endocrinology 03/2013; · 4.46 Impact Factor -
Article: Loss of wnt/β-catenin signaling causes cell fate shift of preosteoblasts from osteoblasts to adipocytes.
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ABSTRACT: Wnt signaling is essential for osteogenesis and also functions as an adipogenic switch, but it is not known if interrupting wnt signaling via knockout of β-catenin from osteoblasts would cause bone marrow adiposity. Here, we determined whether postnatal deletion of β-catenin in preosteoblasts, through conditional cre expression driven by the osterix promoter, causes bone marrow adiposity. Postnatal disruption of β-catenin in the preosteoblasts led to extensive bone marrow adiposity and low bone mass in adult mice. In cultured bone marrow-derived cells isolated from the knockout mice, adipogenic differentiation was dramatically increased, whereas osteogenic differentiation was significantly decreased. As myoblasts, in the absence of wnt/β-catenin signaling, can be reprogrammed into the adipocyte lineage, we sought to determine whether the increased adipogenesis we observed partly resulted from a cell-fate shift of preosteoblasts that had to express osterix (lineage-committed early osteoblasts), from the osteoblastic to the adipocyte lineage. Using lineage tracing both in vivo and in vitro we showed that the loss of β-catenin from preosteoblasts caused a cell-fate shift of these cells from osteoblasts to adipocytes, a shift that may at least partly contribute to the bone marrow adiposity and low bone mass in the knockout mice. These novel findings indicate that wnt/β-catenin signaling exerts control over the fate of lineage-committed early osteoblasts, with respect to their differentiation into osteoblastic versus adipocytic populations in bone, and thus offers potential insight into the origin of bone marrow adiposity. © 2012 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.Journal of bone and mineral research: the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research 06/2012; 27(11):2344-58. · 6.04 Impact Factor -
Article: Phospholipase C signaling via the parathyroid hormone (PTH)/PTH-related peptide receptor is essential for normal bone responses to PTH.
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ABSTRACT: We have previously shown that differentiation of hypertrophic chondrocytes is delayed in mice expressing a mutated PTH/PTHrP receptor (PTHR) (called DSEL here) that stimulates adenylyl cyclase normally but fails to activate phospholipase C (PLC). To better understand the role of PLC signaling via the PTHR in skeletal and mineral homeostasis, we examined these mice fed a normal or calcium-deficient diet. On a standard diet, DSEL mice displayed a modest decrease in bone mass. Remarkably, when fed a low-calcium diet or infused with PTH, DSEL mice exhibited strikingly curtailed peritrabecular stromal cell responses and attenuated new bone formation when compared with Wt mice. Attenuated in vitro colony formation was also observed in bone marrow cells derived from DSEL mice fed a low-calcium diet. Furthermore, PTH stimulated proliferation and increased mRNAs encoding cyclin D1 in primary osteoblasts derived from Wt but not from DSEL mice. Our data indicate that PLC signaling through the PTHR is required for skeletal homeostasis.Endocrinology 08/2010; 151(8):3502-13. · 4.46 Impact Factor -
Article: Suppression of Wnt signaling by Dkk1 attenuates PTH-mediated stromal cell response and new bone formation.
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ABSTRACT: Parathyroid hormone (PTH) suppresses Dickkopf 1 (Dkk1) expression in osteoblasts. To determine whether this suppression is essential for PTH-mediated Wnt signaling and bone formation, we examined mice that overexpress Dkk1 in osteoblasts (Dkk1 mice). Dkk1 mice were osteopenic due to abnormal osteoblast and osteoclast activity. When fed a low-calcium diet, and in two other models of hyperparathyroidism, these mice failed to develop the peritrabecular stromal cell response ("osteitis fibrosis") and new bone formation seen in wild-type mice. Despite these effects of Dkk1 overexpression, PTH still activated Wnt signaling in Dkk1 mice and in osteoblastic cells cultured from these mice. In cultured MC3T3E1 preosteoblastic cells, PTH dramatically suppressed Dkk1 expression, induced PKA-mediated phosphorylation of beta-catenin, and significantly enhanced Lef1 expression. Our findings indicate that the full actions of PTH require intact Wnt signaling but that PTH can activate the Wnt pathway despite overexpression of Dkk1.Cell metabolism 02/2010; 11(2):161-71. · 17.35 Impact Factor -
Article: Functional analysis of a type 1 parathyroid hormone receptor intracellular tail mutant [KRK(484-6)AAA]: effects on second messenger generation and cellular targeting.
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ABSTRACT: The parathyroid hormone receptor type 1 (PTHR1) is activated by parathyroid hormone (PTH) and PTH-related protein (PTHrP) and primarily signals via intracellular pathways involving adenylyl cyclase and phospholipase C. The intracellular tail domain of the PTHR1 contributes to G protein subunit coupling that is important for second messenger signalling. In addition, the intracellular domain has a potential nuclear localization sequence (NLS) that, if functional, could point to an intracrine role for the receptor. In the present study, we have utilized 2 sets of constructs that employ either a [KRK(484-486)AAA](3Ala) mutation in the putative NLS or the non-mutant counterpart and included (a) the full-length rat PTHR1 with FLAG and c-myc epitope tags at the N-terminus and C-terminus, respectively (designated as PTHR1(3Ala)-TAG and PTHR1-TAG); and (b) only the putative NLS-containing intracellular domain (471-488), with green fluorescent protein (GFP) fused to the C-terminus (designated as GFP-(3Ala)471-488 or GFP-471-488). Porcine kidney LLC-PK1 cells stably expressing the PTHR1(3Ala)-TAG exhibited reduced signalling via both cAMP and cytosolic calcium transients in spite of greater cell surface expression relative to cells expressing PTHR1-TAG. We also examined the ability of the intracellular tail to influence the cellular localization of a heterologous protein. LLC-PK1 cells transiently transfected with GFP-471-488, exhibited increased fluorescence within the nucleus, relative to cells transfected with GFP alone that was not observed when cells were transiently transfected with the mutated construct, GFP-(3Ala)471-488. However, LLC-PK1 cells transiently transfected with either the full-length PTHR1-TAG or the PTHR1(3Ala)-TAG constructs did not exhibit nuclear localization of these receptors. Moreover, mouse osteoblast-like cells (MC3T3-E1) transiently expressing PTHR1-TAG also failed to demonstrate nuclear localization, although both full-length PTHR1 constructs exhibited plasma membrane immunofluorescence in both cell lines. Thus, the 484-486 sequence is critical for the full signalling responsiveness of the intact PTHR1, but the putative nuclear localization signal may not function as such within the intact receptor.Bone 12/2009; 46(4):1180-7. · 4.02 Impact Factor
