David Belyi
Publications
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47.05Impact points
The parathyroid as a target for radiation damage.
The New England journal of medicine. 08/2011; 365(7):676-8.
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1.84Impact points
Hematopoietic cell infusion for the treatment of nuclear disaster victims: new data from the Chernobyl accident.
International journal of radiation biology. 03/2011; 87(8):846-50.
PURPOSE: To present previously unavailable data on the use of stem cell administration to aid recovery of victims of the Chernobyl disaster. On 26 April 1986, an accident at Unit 4 of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant took place during the planned test of one of the safety systems. The diagnosis of ... [more] PURPOSE: To present previously unavailable data on the use of stem cell administration to aid recovery of victims of the Chernobyl disaster. On 26 April 1986, an accident at Unit 4 of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant took place during the planned test of one of the safety systems. The diagnosis of acute radiation syndrome (ARS) was confirmed in 134 individuals exposed to high levels of radiation. There were nine patients heretofore unreported in the scientific literature who underwent intraosseous injections of allogeneic bone marrow cells in Kyiv. CONCLUSIONS: Transplantation was associated with significantly shortened time to recovery of granulocyte and platelet counts in these patients. While current guidelines would certainly include the use of cytokines, these data provide an indication of the effectiveness of stem cell transplant to treat victims of radiation exposure.
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0.92Impact points
Non-cancer effects in acute radiation syndrome survivors in Ukraine.
Health physics. 06/2010; 98(6):876-84.
The 1986 Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant accident that occurred is known as the most severe nuclear disaster in the history of humankind. Acute radiation syndrome (ARS) was diagnosed in 237 persons but only 134 of those were confirmed, including 28 patients who died due to lethal total-body gamma-irra... [more] The 1986 Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant accident that occurred is known as the most severe nuclear disaster in the history of humankind. Acute radiation syndrome (ARS) was diagnosed in 237 persons but only 134 of those were confirmed, including 28 patients who died due to lethal total-body gamma-irradiation and severe skin injuries caused by beta/gamma-emitting radionuclides. A small group of ARS survivors offers an interesting observational insight pertinent to the on-going discussions about long-term non-cancer effects of ionizing radiation. This descriptive study summarizes more than 20 y of follow-up, makes attempts to offer a prognosis for the Chernobyl ARS survivors' health, and explores the link between the outcomes of interest and radiation exposure.
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0.71Impact points
EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS OF RESEARCH CENTER FOR RADIATION MEDICINE AND ITS HOSPITAL TO ADMIT AND TREAT THE PATIENTS WITH SIGNS OF ACUTE RADIATION SICKNESS.
Radiation protection dosimetry. 06/2009;
After the Chernobyl accident, the Research Center for Radiation Medicine (RCRM) was established in Kiev (Ukraine). Its main task was to maintain a high level of emergency preparedness and be ready to examine and treat patients who suffer as a result of hypothetical radiation accident. Based on the p... [more] After the Chernobyl accident, the Research Center for Radiation Medicine (RCRM) was established in Kiev (Ukraine). Its main task was to maintain a high level of emergency preparedness and be ready to examine and treat patients who suffer as a result of hypothetical radiation accident. Based on the previous experience, this institution's specialists worked out new diagnostic criteria and drug treatment schemata for acute radiation sickness, created a database on 75 patients with this diagnosis and improved educational programmes for medical students and physicians working in the field of radiation medicine. RCRM collaborates fruitfully with western partners through the joint research projects and connects with the World Health Organization's Radiation Emergency Medical Preparedness and Assistance Network centre. Collaboration with Kiev Center for Bone Marrow Transplantation allows RCRM to use aseptic wards having highly filtered air for the treatment of most severely irradiated patients.
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3.54Impact points
Thyroid examination in highly radiation-exposed workers after the Chernobyl accident.
European journal of endocrinology / European Federation of Endocrine Societies. 02/2009;
Context: Radioactive contamination from the Chernobyl nuclear accident which happened in the morning of 26 April 1986 had a major impact on thyroid health in the Belarus region. Objective: Observational study of a cohort of 99 adults, most strongly exposed to ionizing radioactivity. Design, Setting,... [more] Context: Radioactive contamination from the Chernobyl nuclear accident which happened in the morning of 26 April 1986 had a major impact on thyroid health in the Belarus region. Objective: Observational study of a cohort of 99 adults, most strongly exposed to ionizing radioactivity. Design, Setting, and Patients: Observational study performed between 1998 and 2000. The cohort was comprised of 99 workers (92 male) of the Chernobly nuclear power plant. Examination including physical examination, ultrasonography of the thyroid gland and measurement of serum free thyroxin (fT4), free triiodothyronine (fT3), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). Anti-TPO, anti-Tg antibodies and TSI were also determined. Main Outcome Measures: The impact of exposure to high dose radiation, including radioactive iodine, on the thyroid gland was examined. Results: Levels of fT4 in all probands were within the normal World Health Organization-defined range. Elevated levels of fT3 were found in two workers (2%), high titres of anti-TPO and anti-Tg antibodies was present in four subjects (4%). Mild hypothyroidism was present in one patient. Enlargement of the thyroid gland was observed in 17 workers (17%). There was no evidence of clinically overt thyroid cancer. Conclusions: The Chernobyl accident showed surprisingly little impact on the thyroid in a cohort of workers strongly exposed to radiation. Our data suggest an age-dependent heterogeneity in the response to short-lived radioiodine isotopes and favors long-term follow-up analysis.
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4.11Impact points
Delayed effects of accidental cutaneous radiation exposure: fifteen years of follow-up after the Chernobyl accident.
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 10/2003; 49(3):417-23.
BACKGROUND: During the Chernobyl accident in 1986, 237 individuals were identified as having the most severe exposure to ionizing radiation. In the period between 1998 and 2000, 99 long term survivors out of this group were reassessed for radiation-induced cutaneous lesions. OBJECTIVE: To identify s... [more] BACKGROUND: During the Chernobyl accident in 1986, 237 individuals were identified as having the most severe exposure to ionizing radiation. In the period between 1998 and 2000, 99 long term survivors out of this group were reassessed for radiation-induced cutaneous lesions. OBJECTIVE: To identify sequelae of accidental cutaneous irradiation. METHODS: Detailed dermatologic examinations, including biopsies of suspicious cutaneous lesions for histopathologic examination and 20 MHz sonography, were performed in all patients. RESULTS: Twenty-two of the 99 patients displayed radiation-induced cutaneous lesions. Epidermal atrophy, telangiectases, and pigment alterations were present in all these individuals. Keratotic lesions were found in 14 patients. Cutaneous fibrosis was documented in 8 individuals by the use of 20 MHz sonography, while a radiation ulcer was found in 5. In one patient, two basal cell carcinomas were found. CONCLUSION: The life-long follow-up of irradiated persons is of great importance in order to identify cutaneous neoplasms at an early treatable stage.
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2.95Impact points
The outcome of local radiation injuries: 14 years of follow-up after the Chernobyl accident.
Radiation research. 04/2001; 155(3):409-16.
The Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident on April 26, 1986 was the largest in the history of the peaceful use of nuclear energy. Of the 237 individuals initially suspected to have been significantly exposed to radiation during or in the immediate aftermath of the accident, the diagnosis of acute r... [more] The Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident on April 26, 1986 was the largest in the history of the peaceful use of nuclear energy. Of the 237 individuals initially suspected to have been significantly exposed to radiation during or in the immediate aftermath of the accident, the diagnosis of acute radiation sickness (ARS) could be confirmed in 134 cases on the basis of clinical symptoms. Of these, 54 patients suffered from cutaneous radiation syndrome (CRS) to varying degrees. Among the 28 patients who died from the immediate consequences of accidental radiation exposure, acute hemopoietic syndrome due to bone marrow failure was the primary cause of death only in a minority. In 16 of these 28 deaths, the primary cause was attributed to CRS. This report describes the characteristic cutaneous sequelae as well as associated clinical symptoms and diseases of 15 survivors of the Chernobyl accident with severe localized exposure who were systematically followed up by our groups between 1991 and 2000. All patients presented with CRS of varying severity, showing xerosis, cutaneous telangiectasias and subungual splinter hemorrhages, hemangiomas and lymphangiomas, epidermal atrophy, disseminated keratoses, extensive dermal and subcutaneous fibrosis with partial ulcerations, and pigmentary changes including radiation lentigo. Surprisingly, no cutaneous malignancies have been detected so far in those areas that received large radiation exposures and that developed keratoses; however, two patients first presented in 1999 with basal cell carcinomas on the nape of the neck and the right lower eyelid, areas that received lower exposures. During the follow-up period, two patients were lost due to death from myelodysplastic syndrome in 1995 and acute myelogenous leukemia in 1998, respectively. Other radiation-induced diseases such as dry eye syndrome (3/15), radiation cataract (5/15), xerostomia (4/15) and increased FSH levels (7/15) indicating impaired fertility were also documented. This study, which analyzes 14 years in the clinical course of a cohort of patients with a unique exposure pattern, corroborates the requirement for long-term, if not life-long, follow-up not only in atomic bomb survivors, but also after predominantly local radiation exposure.
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Medical monitoring results of survivors with acute radiation syndrome after Chernobyl disaster
International Congress Series.
A 16-year experience in the follow-up of survivors with acute radiation syndrome (ARS) caused by the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant accident is presented. Oncohematological diseases and sudden cardiac death were at the top of the list as causes of death. In the 16th year after the accident, the numbe... [more] A 16-year experience in the follow-up of survivors with acute radiation syndrome (ARS) caused by the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant accident is presented. Oncohematological diseases and sudden cardiac death were at the top of the list as causes of death. In the 16th year after the accident, the number of people with hematological syndromes was halved in comparison with the earliest 2 years observation. The radiation-induced combined immunodeficiency of 1986–1987 decreased in the later period of recovery. Nervous system disorders were characterized by a gradual increase in organic changes in the central nervous system. Endocrine system diseases were nodular goiter, thyroid carcinoma, hypothyroidism and diabetes. A slow increase of cardiovascular pathology was discovered during the post-accident years, mainly due to arterial hypertension and ischemic heart disease. Inflammatory and erosive-ulcerous pathological processes of stomach and duodenum have essential ratio in the total morbidity structure of the digestive system. From 1987 to 2002 the bronchopulmonal pathology increased from one-third to one-half of the survivors depending on the degree of ARS. Late skin changes after acute radiation lesion were characterized by atrophy, hyper- and hypopigmentation, peeling, telangiectases and trophic ulcers. The number of radiation cataracts correlated directly with ARS severity. Possible trends in international cooperative investigations of ARS patients are discussed.
Following (2)
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Gerard Wagemaker
Erasmus Medisch Centrum -
Johannes W. Dietrich
Ruhr-Universität Bochum
