Bruce W Hollis

Publications (131) View all

• Article: Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) of Vitamin D Supplementation in Pregnancy in a Population with Endemic Vitamin D Deficiency.

  Adekunle Dawodu, Hussein F Saadi, Gharid Bekdache, Yasin Javed, Mekibib Altaye, Bruce W Hollis
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  ABSTRACT: Background:Vitamin D (vD) deficiency in pregnancy is a global health problem and the amount of vD supplementation to prevent vD deficiency is controversial.Objective:Determine effectiveness and safety of prenatal 2000 IU and 4000 IU/day compared with 400 IU/day vD3 supplementation in a RCT in population where vD deficiency is endemic.Design/Methods:Arab women were randomized at 12-16 weeks of gestation to 400, 2000 and 4000 IU/day vD3 which were continued to delivery. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were measured during pregnancy and at delivery. The primary outcome was maternal and cord blood 25(OH)D and the secondary outcomes were achievement of " sufficient" serum 25(OH)D [mteq]32 ng/ml ([mteq]80 nmol/L) at delivery.Setting:The locations were primary care and tertiary perinatal care center.Results:Of 192 enrolled, 162 (84%) continued to delivery. Mean serum 25(OH)D of 8.2 ng/ml (20.5 nmol/L) at enrollment was low. Mean serum 25(OH)D concentrations at delivery and in cord blood were significantly higher in the 2000 and 4000 IU than 400 IU/day group (p<0.001) and was highest in the 4000 IU/day group. The percent who achieved 25(OH)D >32 ng/ml and >20 ng/ml concentrations in mothers and infants was highest in 4000 IU/day group. Safety measurements were similar by group and no adverse event related to vD supplementation.Conclusions:Vitamin D supplementation of 2000 and 4000 IU/day appeared safe in pregnancy and 4000 IU/day was most effective in optimizing serum 25(OH)D concentrations in mothers and their infants. These findings could apply to other populations where vD deficiency is endemic.
  The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 04/2013; · 6.50 Impact Factor
• Article: Vitamin D effects on musculoskeletal health, immunity, autoimmunity, cardiovascular disease, cancer, fertility, pregnancy, dementia and mortality- a review of recent evidence.

  Pawel Pludowski, Michael F Holick, Stefan Pilz, Carol L Wagner, Bruce W Hollis, William B Grant, Yehuda Shoenfeld, Elisabeth Lerchbaum, David J Llewellyn, Katharina Kienreich, Maya Soni
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  ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Optimal vitamin D intake and its status are important not only for bone and calcium-phosphate metabolism, but for overall health and well-being. Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency as a global health problem is likely to be a risk for wide spectrum of acute and chronic illnesses. METHODS: A review of randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, and other evidence of vitamin D action on various health outcomes. RESULTS: Adequate vitamin D status seems to be protective against musculoskeletal disorders (muscle weakness, falls, fractures), infectious diseases, autoimmune diseases, cardiovascular disease, type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus, several types of cancer, neurocognitive dysfunction and mental illness, and other diseases, as well as infertility and adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes. Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency is associated with all-cause mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Adequate vitamin D supplementation and sensible sunlight exposure to reach optimal vitamin D status are among the front line factors of prophylaxis for spectrum of disorders. Supplementation guidance and population strategies for eradication of vitamin D deficiency must be included in the priorities of physicians, medical professionals and healthcare policy-makers.
  Autoimmunity reviews 03/2013; · 6.37 Impact Factor
• Article: Associations of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D with overall and breast cancer-specific mortality in a multiethnic cohort of breast cancer survivors.

  Adriana Villaseñor, Rachel Ballard-Barbash, Anita Ambs, Leslie Bernstein, Kathy Baumgartner, Richard Baumgartner, Cornelia M Ulrich, Bruce W Hollis, Anne McTiernan, Marian L Neuhouser
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  ABSTRACT: PURPOSE: Despite limited evidence on the association of vitamin D with outcomes in breast cancer survivors, some clinicians advise breast cancer patients to use vitamin D supplements. More evidence is needed to inform these recommendations. METHODS: In the Health, Eating, Activity, and Lifestyle study, we examined associations of post-treatment serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) on overall and breast cancer-specific mortality in 585 breast cancer survivors from western Washington State, New Mexico, and Los Angeles County. 25(OH)D was measured in stored blood collected 2 years post-enrollment. Outcomes were ascertained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registries and medical records. Cox proportional hazards models were fit to assess associations of serum 25(OH)D with overall and breast cancer-specific mortality. RESULTS: After a median follow-up of 9.2 years; 110 women died, including 48 from breast cancer. Standard cut points classified 211 (31.6 %) women as serum 25(OH)D deficient (<20 ng/mL), 189 (32.2 %) as insufficient (20-30 ng/mL), and 185 (36.2 %) as sufficient (>30 ng/mL). Compared to women with deficient 25(OH)D, those in the sufficient ranges had a decreased risk of overall mortality (age-adjusted HR = 0.58; 95 % CI 0.36-0.96); however, multivariate adjustments attenuated the association (HR = 0.90; 95 % CI 0.50-1.61). No association was found between serum 25(OH)D and breast cancer-specific mortality (sufficient: HR = 1.21; 95 % CI 0.52-2.80) in multivariate models. CONCLUSION: In this breast cancer cohort, higher serum 25(OH)D may be associated with improved survival, but results were not statistically significant and must be interpreted with caution. The potential prognostic effect of vitamin D from diet, supplements, or both should be evaluated in future larger studies with additional endpoints from breast cancer patients.
  Cancer Causes and Control 01/2013; · 2.88 Impact Factor
• Article: Health Characteristics and Outcomes of Two Randomized Vitamin D Supplementation Trials during Pregnancy: A Combined Analysis.

  Carol L Wagner, Rebecca B McNeil, Donna D Johnson, Thomas C Hulsey, Myla Ebeling, Christopher Robinson, Stuart A Hamilton, Bruce W Hollis
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  ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE: To assess the safety and health effects of vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy. Methods and Design: Datasets from two randomized clinical trials were first analyzed separately then combined for this analysis using a common data dictionary. In the NICHD trial, women were randomized to 400, 2000, or 4000 IU vitamin D(3)/day, stratified by race. In the Thrasher Research Fund trial, participants were randomized to 2000 or 4000 IU vitamin D(3)/day. Study drugs were from the same manufacturing lot for both trials. Identical questionnaires were given for comparable sociodemographics & clinical characteristics. Outcome measures were: [1] maternal and neonatal 25(OH)D achieved, and [2] maternal comorbidities of pregnancy (COP). SAS 9.3 was used for all analyses. RESULTS: In the combined cohort, there were 110 controls, 201 in the 2000 IU group, and 193 in the 4000 IU group. No differences between groups in baseline 25(OH)D were found; however, delivery and cord blood values were greater in the 4000 IU group (p<0.0001), an effect that persisted even after controlling for race and study. A greater percent were vitamin D replete in the 4000 IU group (p<0.0001). There was a trend where the 4000 IU group had decreased rates of comorbidities of pregnancy. There was a strong association between COP and final maternal 25(OH)D; an effect that persisted even after controlling for race and study (p=0.006). CONCLUSIONS: Supplementation with 4000 IU/day was associated with lower risk of hypovitaminosis D than Control and 2000 IU groups. While not statistically significant, there was a trend toward lower rates of COP as supplementation dose increased. Maternal delivery 25(OH)D was inversely associated with any comorbidity of pregnancy, with fewer events as 25(OH)D increased. Future studies are needed to confirm these findings and determine the mechanisms of action of such effects.
  The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology 01/2013; · 2.66 Impact Factor
• Article: Vitamin D(3) supplementation, low-risk prostate cancer, and health disparities.

  Bruce W Hollis, David T Marshall, Stephen J Savage, Elizabeth Garrett-Mayer, Mark S Kindy, Sebastiano Gattoni-Celli
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  ABSTRACT: Vitamin D promotes the differentiation of prostate cancer cells, raising the possibility that vitamin D deficiency over time may contribute to the progression from subclinical prostate cancer to clinical disease. Since low-risk prostate cancers are monitored over time in an effort to determine which progress into clinically important, more aggressive cancers, they provide an excellent model in which to study, over an extended period of time, the effects of enhancing vitamin D status and related changes in tumor progression. This is particularly relevant to African-American men, who exhibit a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency as well as higher incidence of prostate cancer and higher mortality rates from prostate cancer than Caucasians. Our research team has recently completed an open-label clinical trial aimed at assessing the safety and potential efficacy of vitamin D(3) supplementation at 4000 international units (IU) per day for one year in subjects diagnosed with early-stage, low-risk prostate cancer. The results of this clinical study suggest that supplementation with vitamin D(3) at 4000 IU per day may benefit patients with early-stage, low-risk prostate cancer on active surveillance, because of the improved outcome (a decreased number of positive cores at repeat biopsy) in more than half of the subjects enrolled in the trial. We also observed that, after one year of supplementation, there was no difference in circulating levels of vitamin D between African-American and Caucasian subjects who completed the study. These clinical results also suggest that robust and sustained vitamin D(3) supplementation can reduce prostate cancer-related health disparities in African-American men and that these health disparities are at least in part the result of widespread hypovitaminosis D within the African-American population.
  The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology 12/2012; · 2.66 Impact Factor