Boopathy Ramasamy

Publications (9) View all

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  Article: 2 3 Oxidation of refractory organics by heterogeneous Fenton to reduce organic load in tannery wastewater

  G Sekaran, S Karthikeyan, C Evvie, R Boopathy, P Maharaja
  Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy 06/2012; · 1.75 Impact Factor
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  Article: 2 3 Characterisation and recovery of sodium chloride from salt-laden solid waste generated from leather industry

  R Boopathy, S Karthikeyan, A B Mandal, G Sekaran
  Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy 05/2012; · 1.75 Impact Factor
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  Article: A First Report on the Selective Precipitation of Sodium Chloride from the Evaporated Residue of Reverse Osmosis Reject Salt Generated from the Leather Industry

  R Boopathy, A Gnanamani, A B Mandal, G Sekaran
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  ABSTRACT: The reverse osmosis process has been actively implemented in the leather sector for the recovery of water from secondary biologically treated wastewater. The membrane reject stream is evaporated in solar evaporation pan/multiple effect evaporator. The evaporated residue (ER) of the reject stream from reverse osmosis lacks reusable characteristics, owing to a high contamination of inorganic and organic salts. In this investigation, an attempt was made to separate sodium chloride from the saturated solution of ER by the common ion effect in the presence of other inorganic and organic contaminants, using hydrogen chloride gas. The optimized process parameters for the selective precipitation of sodium chloride were as follows: time, 3 min; pH, 8.0; temperature, 40 °C; and concentration of ER, 60% (w/v). The ER and the recovered salts were characterized, using SEM-EDX and XRD. This is probably the first report on the precipitation of sodium chloride from the ER. The cost toward the disposal of this ER was also analyzed.
  Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 03/2012; 51:5527-5534. · 2.24 Impact Factor
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  Article: Surface functionalized mesoporous activated carbon for the immobilization of acidic lipase and their application to hydrolysis of waste cooked oil: Isotherm and kinetic studies

  K Ramani, S Karthikeyan, R Boopathy, L John Kennedy, A B Mandal, G Sekaran
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  ABSTRACT: Process Biochemistry j o u r n a l h o m e p a g e : w w w . e l s e v i e r . c o m / l o c a t e / p r o c b i o a b s t r a c t This study deals with the surface functionalization of mesoporous activated carbon, using ethylenedi-amine and glutaraldehyde to facilitate the strong immobilization of acidic lipase (AL) onto MAC. The AL was produced from Pseudomonas gessardii by using slaughterhouse lipid waste as the substrate. The AL immobilized on functionalized mesoporous activated carbon (ALFMAC) was applied for the hydrolysis of waste cooked oil (WCO). The optimum conditions for the immobilization of AL onto functionalized mesoporous activated carbon (FMAC) were 90 min; pH 3.5; and 35 • C; which resulted at the maximum immobilization of 5440 U/g of FMAC (3.693 mg of AL/g of FMAC or the yield 2.7% or the expressed activity 103.7% or the activity per unit area of FMAC 1.08 mg of AL/m 2). The ALFMAC showed better thermal and storage stabilities than the free AL. The ALFMAC retained a 98% and a 92% initial activity at 40 • C and 50 • C, respectively, while the AL showed the thermal stability (residual activities) 65% and 38%, respectively. The storage stability of ALFMAC at 4 • C showed 100% initial activity up to 15 days from the initial day of the storage, whereas AL showed only 88% initial activity up to 15 days. The FMAC and ALFMAC were char-acterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The K m values of the ALFMAC and AL were 0.112 mM and 0.411 mM, respectively. The v max values of the ALFMAC and AL were 1.26 mM/min and 0.53 mM/min, respectively. Immobilization of AL onto FMAC obeyed the Freundlich and Redlich–Peterson isotherm models. The non-linear models of pseudo first, and second order, intra-particle diffusion, Bangham, and Boyd plot were also performed to understand the dynamic mechanism of immobilization. ALFMAC showed a 100% hydrolysis of WCO up to 21 cycles of reuse, and 60% up to 45 cycles. The hydrolysis of WCO was confirmed by using FT-IR spectra.
  PROCESS BIOCHEMISTRY 01/2012; 47:435-445. · 2.63 Impact Factor
• Article: Heterocatalytic Fenton oxidation process for the treatment of tannery effluent: kinetic and thermodynamic studies.

  S Karthikeyan, M Ezhil Priya, R Boopathy, M Velan, A B Mandal, G Sekaran
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  ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND, AIM, SCOPE: Treatment of wastewater has become significant with the declining water resources. The presence of recalcitrant organics is the major issue in meeting the pollution control board norms in India. The theme of the present investigation was on partial or complete removal of pollutants or their transformation into less toxic and more biodegradable products by heterogeneous Fenton oxidation process using mesoporous activated carbon (MAC) as the catalyst. Ferrous sulfate (FeSO(4)·7H(2)O), sulfuric acid (36 N, specific gravity 1.81, 98% purity), hydrogen peroxide (50% v/v) and all other chemicals used in this study were of analytical grade (Merck). Two reactors, each of height 50 cm and diameter 6 cm, were fabricated with PVC while one reactor was packed with MAC of mass 150 g and other without MAC served as control. The oxidation process was presented with kinetic and thermodynamic constants for the removal of COD, BOD, and TOC from the wastewater. The activation energy (Ea) for homogeneous and heterogeneous Fenton oxidation processes were 44.79 and 25.89 kJ/mol, respectively. The thermodynamic parameters ΔG, ΔH, and ΔS were calculated for the oxidation processes using Van't Hoff equation. Furthermore, the degradation of organics was confirmed through FTIR and UV-visible spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry. The heterocatalytic Fenton oxidation process efficiently increased the biodegradability index (BOD/COD) of the tannery effluent. The optimized conditions for the heterocatalytic Fenton oxidation of organics in tannery effluent were pH 3.5, reaction time-4 h, and H(2)O(2)/FeSO(4)·7H(2)O in the molar ratio of 2:1.
  Environmental Science and Pollution Research 12/2011; 19(5):1828-40. · 2.65 Impact Factor