Bernd Dittert
Research skills
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Technical- ceramic process technology (preparation of suspensions and feedstock mixtures, Extrusion, Injection Molding, slip casting, doctor blade, Dip Coating, debindering, Sintering, - nanoparticle synthesis, - characterization (gas adsorption methods, Thermal Analysis, Dynamic Light Scattering
Research interests
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InterestsBiomaterials, Ceramics, Nanoparticles, micro/mesoporous materials, aerogels, Coating, Sol-Gel
Other
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LanguagesGerman, English, Austrian
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Scientific MembershipsDeutsche Glastechnische Gesellschaft
Deutsche Keramische Gesellschaft
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Journal Referee- Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology
- Thin Solid Films
- Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
Publications
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Phase content controlled TiO2 nanoparticles using the MicroJetReactor technology
Journal of the European Ceramic Society. 01/2011; 31:2475–2480.
In this paper,a method for the continuous preparation of nanoscaled titania with controlled phase content ispresented.The method bases on the MicroJetReactor technology.The synthesis process was carried out by using the hydrolysis of titaniumtetraethylate(TET). Synthesis with flow rates to 14ml/min ... [more] In this paper,a method for the continuous preparation of nanoscaled titania with controlled phase content ispresented.The method bases on the MicroJetReactor technology.The synthesis process was carried out by using the hydrolysis of titaniumtetraethylate(TET). Synthesis with flow rates to 14ml/min are implemented,and temperatures are varied between 20 and 210 ◦C. Particle size distribution measurements by dynamic light scattering (DLS)show monomodal particle size distributions from 1 to 10nm, stable for more than 24 h.There is no correlation between hydrolysis temperature and the particle size distributions. XRD (X-raydiffractometry)investigations showed,that crystal structures of anatase,brookite,rutile and an amorphous content can bedetected in all samples.Quantitative analysis using the Rietveld refinement shows a significant effect of the synthesis temperature on the phase content.The relative phase content of anatase can be raised from 40wt%up to 75wt%, accompanied by a loss of all other phases.
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Phase Content Controlled TiO2 Nanoparticles Using The MicroJetReactor Technology
11. International Conference of Ceramic Processing Science, Zurich, Switzerland; 01/2010
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Micro Fluid Contact Printing of Sol-Gel-derived in-situ formed Catalysts for the structured Growth of Carbon Nanotubes
Surface & Coatings Technology. 01/2010; 204:3647–3651.
We present a novel method for the structured growth of carbon nanotubes using micrometer scaled dots of iron doped alumina and titania as catalyst system. To obtain the dots, sol–gel derived inks are deposited on quartz glass surfaces via a novel micro fluid contact printing (μFCP) method basing on ... [more] We present a novel method for the structured growth of carbon nanotubes using micrometer scaled dots of iron doped alumina and titania as catalyst system. To obtain the dots, sol–gel derived inks are deposited on quartz glass surfaces via a novel micro fluid contact printing (μFCP) method basing on inorganic inks and an Ormocer® hard stamp, and consolidated by a heat treatment. Multiwalled Carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) with and without bamboo-like morphology were obtained on this catalytic ceramic dots using a hot filament CVD process based on CH4/Ar/H2 gas mixtures.
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Sol-Gel Preparation of catalyst dots for selective growth of carbon nanotubes
20. European Conference on Diamond, Athen; 01/2009
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Micro Fluid Contact Printing (µFCP) of sol-gel derived CNT growing catalysts
Micro & Nano Engineering, Ghent, Belgium; 01/2009
We present a novel method for the structured growth of carbon nanotubes. Micrometer scaled dots of iron doped alumina and titania are the catalyst system. To obtain the dots, sol-gel derived inks were deposited on quartz glass surfaces with an Ormocer® hard stamp via a novel micro fluid contact prin... [more] We present a novel method for the structured growth of carbon nanotubes. Micrometer scaled dots of iron doped alumina and titania are the catalyst system. To obtain the dots, sol-gel derived inks were deposited on quartz glass surfaces with an Ormocer® hard stamp via a novel micro fluid contact printing (µFCP) method basing on inorganic inks, and consolidated by a heat treatment. Multiwalled Carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) with and without bamboo-like morphology can be obtained on the catalytic ceramic dots with a hot filament CVD process based on CH4/Ar/H2 gas mixtures. In opposite to former works [1], our µFCP approach bases only on inorganic systems. In detail, inks basing on TiO2 and Al2O3, respectively, were prepared. In case of the TiO2 ink, tetrabutyl orthotitanate was complexed with acetylacetone in order to decrease its reactivity. 2-Propanol was added, and Fe(NO3)3 • 9 H2O was dissolved in order to get a homogeneous solution. An ageing step of 3 days led to a stable, printable ink. The alumina based ink was prepared by the hydrolysis of aluminum-tri-sec-butylate in an aqueous solution of Fe(NO3)3 • 9 H2O in similar to the process described by Yoldas [2] in the variation of Nofz [3]. In opposite to the titania sol basing on 2-Propanol, the boehmite sol is not stabilized by a chelat complex, because it´s high water content preserves a fast drying. The sols were filtered with a PTFE filter (0.2 µm) and spin coated on a silicon wafer (20 sec, 8000 rpm). In a first step this silicon wafer was loaded as substrate into the EVG®620, and a rigid Ormocer® stamp was loaded, too. A µCP contact step was performed such that the pyramidal tips on the hard Ormocer® stamp were covered with the sol. Afterwards the sol covered silicon wafer was removed and the quartz substrate was loaded while the stamp stays within the EVG®620. To transfer the sol on the tips of the loaded stamp, a µCP step is performed such that the sol on the tip is transferred to the quartz substrate. These steps were performed for both sols. The sol-gel derived, iron contenting dots were calcined at 700 °C to form mixed oxides (TiO2/Fe3O4 and Al2O3/Fe3O4). The deposition of the carbon nanotubes was carried out by using a hot filament chemical vapour deposition (HF-CVD) process. CH4/Ar/H2 gas mixtures were applied with different pressures, filament and substrate temperatures to the quartz glass surface patterned with catalytic dots. As a result, multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) were obtained. Depending on the oxidic matrix of the catalyst, different morphologies of the MWCNT can be observed. A titania matrix led to bamboo-like MWCNT due to the separation of big catalyst particles during the deposition process. This is the origin for the segmentation of the nanotubes. The catalytic particles are more stable in the Al2O3 matrix than in the TiO2 matrix, there is no irregular growth and thus, no disassembling. In comparison to the CNT grown from a TiO2 matrix, the growth of the CNT from an Al2O3 matrix is more pronounced and more uniform on the dot surface. [1] W.Schwinger, I. Bergmair, M. Mühlberger, M. Bodnarchuk, M. Kovalenko, R. Haubner, E. Lausecker, W. Heiss, R. Schöftner, Digest of the 7th International Conference on Nanoimprint and Nanoprint Technology 2008 Kyoto, Japan, ISBN 4-9902472-6-4, p. 92-93. [2] B. Yoldas, Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull. 54 (1975) 289. [3] M. Nofz, R. Stösser, D. Schultze, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 25 (2005) 1095.
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Micro Fluid Contact Printing Sol-Gel basierter Katalysatoren für das strukturierte Wachstum von Carbon Nanotubes
5. Thüringer Grenz- und Oberflächentage, Friedrichroda; 01/2009
Das strukturierte Wachstum von Kohlenstoff-Nanoröhrchen (Carbon NanoTubes, CNT) im Hinblick auf die Erhöhung der anisotropen elektrischen und thermischen Leitfähigkeit von Werkstoffen ist das Ziel dieser Arbeit. Die Abscheidung der CNT erfolgte dabei über das Hot-Filament-CVD-Verfahren (HF-CVD) auf... [more] Das strukturierte Wachstum von Kohlenstoff-Nanoröhrchen (Carbon NanoTubes, CNT) im Hinblick auf die Erhöhung der anisotropen elektrischen und thermischen Leitfähigkeit von Werkstoffen ist das Ziel dieser Arbeit. Die Abscheidung der CNT erfolgte dabei über das Hot-Filament-CVD-Verfahren (HF-CVD) auf katalytischen Oberflächen. Als Katalysator diente Eisen, das durch die Reduktion von Fe3O4 während des HF-CVD-Prozesses entstand. In einem neuartigen Prozess wurden Sole auf der Basis von Titan-tetrabutylat und Acetylaceton bzw. Aluminium-tri-sec-butylat ähnlich dem Yoldas-Prozess [1] hergestellt, denen ein Eisensalz zugesetzt wurde. Diese Sole wurden nun nach dem micro fluid contact printing (µ-FCP) [2] strukturiert auf Quarzglas aufgebracht. Im Gegensatz zu [2] wurden anorganische Sole eingesetzt. Dazu wurde das Sol mittels spin coating auf einen Si-Wafer aufgebracht. Von dort wurde es - im Gegensatz zum bisherigen µCP - im flüssigen Zustand mit einem Ormocer-Stempel aufgenommen und maschinell auf Quarzglas-Substrate aufgebracht. Mittels einer Wärmebehandlung konnte so ein strukturiert vorliegendes TiO2/Fe3O4 bzw. Al2O3/Fe3O4 Composit erhalten werden. Auf dieser katalytisch wirksamen Struktur wurden nun aus CH4/H2/Ar-Mischungen Multi-Wall-CNT abgeschieden. Im Falle einer TiO2-Matrix waren die CNT segmentiert (bamboo-Effekt), während das Wachstum auf einer Al2O3-Matrix stabiler verlief. [1] B. Yoldas, Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull. 1975, 54, 289. [2] M. Wang, H. Braun, E. Meyer, Chem. Mater. 2002, 14, 4812.
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Mesoporous Silica with Varying Morphology and Pore Characteristics - Synthesis from surfactant-modified Alkoxide-Sols
Ceramic Forum International. 01/2007; 84:E37-E42.
The aim of this investigation was to synthesize mesoporous silica with varying morphology and porosity characteristics from surfactant-modified alkoxide sols. In this context the influence of different surfactant concentrations on the morphology, specific surface area and pore size distribution was ... [more] The aim of this investigation was to synthesize mesoporous silica with varying morphology and porosity characteristics from surfactant-modified alkoxide sols. In this context the influence of different surfactant concentrations on the morphology, specific surface area and pore size distribution was investigated. Both aerogel and xerogel monolith ceramics were produced from tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) in the presence of the anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). Nanoscaled porosity of the ceramics was measured by nitrogen adsorption methods and Field-Emission-Gun Scanning Electron Microscopy (FEGSEM).
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SNMS-Untersuchungen an nanostrukturierten SiO2- und SiO2/TiO2-Sol-Gel-Schichten
81. Glastechnische Tagung, Aachen; 01/2007
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Development of Novel Surfactant-Templated Nanostructured Thin SiO2, and SiO2-TiO2 Films
Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids. 01/2006;
Nanostructured oxidic thin films are of interest due to their applicability in many different fields like filtration technology, catalysis, biomaterials and self purification. In this paper, we present sol–gel derived SiO2 and SiO2–TiO2 thin films with a new fingerprint-like nanostructure. The films... [more] Nanostructured oxidic thin films are of interest due to their applicability in many different fields like filtration technology, catalysis, biomaterials and self purification. In this paper, we present sol–gel derived SiO2 and SiO2–TiO2 thin films with a new fingerprint-like nanostructure. The films were produced by dip-coating glass slides into the sol and a temperature treatment at 500 and 600 �C. The characterization methods were FEGSEM and AFM. The dimensions of the nanostructured surface pattern were calculated from the AFM data with the power spectral density method.
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Geordnete und ungeordnete Nanostrukturierung von Sol-Gel-abgeleiteten Materialien
01/2006
Degree: Dr. rer. nat.
Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Günter Ziegler
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Patterned nanostructures as surface modifications for enhanced cell adhesion
Cytotherapy. 01/2006; 8:44-45.
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Poröser Festkörper mit bimodaler Porengrössenverteilung sowie Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
Ref. No: DE 10 2006 037 497
Year: 01/2006
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Characterization of Fingerprint-like Nanostructured Oxidic Thin Films
79th ACS Colloid and Surface Science Symposium, Potsdam, USA; 01/2005
Nanostructured sol-gel-derived thin films of SiO2 and SiO2/TiO2 in different compositions were generated by dip-coating of glass slides and a following heat treatment. The dipping sols used in this work contained a molecular silica and/or titania precursor, water, solvent alcohol and a nonionic surf... [more] Nanostructured sol-gel-derived thin films of SiO2 and SiO2/TiO2 in different compositions were generated by dip-coating of glass slides and a following heat treatment. The dipping sols used in this work contained a molecular silica and/or titania precursor, water, solvent alcohol and a nonionic surfactant. Higher concentrations of the surfactant lead to the aggregation of the surfactant molecules to micelles. These aggregates form a nanosized lyotropic liquid crystal phase. Simultaneous, the inorganic material was synthesized by a sol-gel process in the environment of the micelles. These procedures led to an inorganic matrix with an embedded nanostructured organic phase. A heat treatment after drying caused the thermal elimination of the surfactant, the calcination and solidification of the inorganic matter. The micellar phases are the templates of the nanostructures in the thin oxidic films. The surface structure of the obtained films were characterized by FEG-SEM (field emission gun scanning electron microscopy) and AFM (atomic force microscopy). AFM was used both for height imaging and the investigation of the dimensions of the nanoscaled structures. This was carried out with the power spectral density function analysis (PSD) for the x- and y-direction as well as the section analysis method for the z-direction.
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Sol-Gel-abgeleitete dünne Filme mit neuartigen Nanostrukturen
DKG Jahrestagung, DGM-Symposium Hochleistungskeramik, Selb, Germany; 01/2005
Nanostrukturierte dünne Filme aus SiO2 sowie SiO2/TiO2 in unterschiedlichen Zusammen-setzungen wurden durch Tauchbeschichtung von Glasträgern und anschliessende thermi¬sche Behandlung hergestellt. Die dabei verwendeten Tauchsole enthalten neben molekula¬ren Precursoren für die entsprechenden Oxide n... [more] Nanostrukturierte dünne Filme aus SiO2 sowie SiO2/TiO2 in unterschiedlichen Zusammen-setzungen wurden durch Tauchbeschichtung von Glasträgern und anschliessende thermi¬sche Behandlung hergestellt. Die dabei verwendeten Tauchsole enthalten neben molekula¬ren Precursoren für die entsprechenden Oxide nichtionische Tenside (Block-Copolymere). Letztere bilden bei höheren Konzentrationen (die beim Abdampfen des Lösemittels aus der Schicht auftreten) durch die Aggregation der Moleküle Micellen aus. Diese ordnen sich regel¬mässig an und erzeugen dabei flüssigkristalline Phasen, deren Strukturen in der Grössen¬ordnung weniger Nanometer liegen. Die anorganische Komponente entsteht dabei gleichzei¬tig über einen Sol-Gel-Prozess in der die flüssigkristalline Phase umgebenden Lösung. So entsteht die Vorstufe eines oxidischen Materials, in das eine nanostrukturierte, organische Phase eingelagert ist. Die nachfolgende Wärmebehandlung führt zur thermischen Eliminie¬rung des Tensids und anschliessender Verfestigung des glasartigen, anorganischen Materi¬als. Die Micellen fungieren also als Schablonen (Template) für die Nanostrukturen in den oxidischen dünnen Filmen. Diese Materialien wurden sowohl elektronen- als auch raster¬kraftmikroskopisch untersucht. Die Rasterkraftmikroskopie diente dabei einerseits der bildli¬chen Darstellung der nanostrukturierten Oberflächen, andererseits der Ermittlung der Dimen¬sionen der Nanostrukturen in x- und y-Richtung über das Leistungsdichtespektrum der Ober¬fläche. Eine Bestimmung der z-Komponente erfolgte mittels der „section analysis“-Methode.
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Charakterisierung nanostrukturierter oxidischer Filme mittels Rasterkraftmikroskopie
6. Workshop „Rasterkraftmikroskopie in der Werkstoffwissenschaft“, Erlangen, Germany; 01/2005
Nanostrukturierte dünne Filme aus SiO2 sowie SiO2/TiO2 in unterschiedlichen Zusammen-setzungen wurden durch Tauchbeschichtung von Glasträgern und anschliessende thermische Behandlung hergestellt. Die dabei verwendeten Tauchsole enthalten neben einem Precursor für das herzustellende Oxid verschiedene... [more] Nanostrukturierte dünne Filme aus SiO2 sowie SiO2/TiO2 in unterschiedlichen Zusammen-setzungen wurden durch Tauchbeschichtung von Glasträgern und anschliessende thermische Behandlung hergestellt. Die dabei verwendeten Tauchsole enthalten neben einem Precursor für das herzustellende Oxid verschiedene Tenside in unterschiedlicher Menge. Diese Tenside bilden bei höheren Konzentrationen (wie sie sich beim Abdampfen des Lösemittels aus der Schicht einstellen) durch die Zusammenlagerung der Moleküle Micellen aus. Diese Aggregate ordnen sich aus energetischen Gründen regelmässig an und bilden dabei flüssigkristalline Phasen aus, deren selbstorganisierte Strukturen in der Grössenordnung weniger Nanometer liegen. Die anorganische Komponente wird dabei gleichzeitig über einen Sol-Gel-Prozess in Anwesenheit der flüssigkristallinen Phase synthetisiert. So entsteht eine Vorstufe eines oxidi-schen Materials, in das eine nanostrukturierte, organische Phase eingelagert ist. Die nachfol-gende Temperaturbehandlung führt zur thermischen Eliminierung des Tensids und anschlies-sender Verfestigung des glasartigen Materials. Die Micellen dienen somit als Schablonen (Template) für die Nanostrukturen in den oxidischen Schichten. Je nach Art des Tensids ent-stehen Domänenstrukturen bzw. Strukturen, die ihre Ausrichtung kontinuierlich ändern („fin-gerprint“-Strukturen). Diese Materialien wurden sowohl elektronen- als auch rasterkraftmikroskopisch untersucht. Die Rasterkraftmikroskopie diente dabei einerseits der bildlichen Darstellung der nanostruktu-rierten Oberflächen (height images). Andererseits wurden die Dimensionen der Nanostruktu-ren in x- und y-Richtung über das Leistungsdichtespektrum der Oberfläche ermittelt. Eine Bestimmung der z-Komponente war mittels der section analysis möglich. Die Aufnahmen wurden mittels eines Nanoscope Dimension 3100 (Digital Instruments) im Tapping Mode erstellt.
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Influence of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) on Pore Structure and Morphology of Sol-Gel Derived Mesoporous Silica Ceramic Monoliths
Conference of Porous Ceramic Materials, Brugge, Belgium; 01/2005
In this work the influence of surfactants on the nanostructure of sol-gel derived materials was investigated. Bulk monoliths basing on commercially available aqueous colloidal silica and tetraethyl orthosilicate were prepared. The synthesis was carried out using different concen-trations of the surf... [more] In this work the influence of surfactants on the nanostructure of sol-gel derived materials was investigated. Bulk monoliths basing on commercially available aqueous colloidal silica and tetraethyl orthosilicate were prepared. The synthesis was carried out using different concen-trations of the surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). With increasing surfactant concentration, the gelation time decreased for all experiments. In the case of colloidal silica, lower surfactant concentrations led to an increase of the specific surface and the pore volume of the xerogel ceramics. There was no significant influence on the pore radius. The influence of SDS on the structure is low due to the predetermined sol par¬ticle size in the aqueous colloidal silica. In comparison to this, the experiments using the molecular precursor tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) showed microporosity (pores smaller than 2 nm) for the xerogel-based materials. At 30 wt% SDS both xerogel and aerogel-derived TEOS ceramics are hardly porous. Electron micrographs show spherical structures in the dimension of a few micrometers. This structure is the result of a phase separation.
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Novel Nanostructured SiO2 and SiO2-TiO2 Thin Films Prepared by a Surfactant-Modified Sol-Gel Process
5th International Conference on Coatings on Glass, Saarbrücken, Germany; 01/2004
Nanostructured thin oxide films are applied in many fields, such as catalysis, filtration and se-paration, self purification, and biomedical technology. Most of these films are mesoporous with ordered (e. g. hexagonal) pores. In this work we present non-porous films with aligned surface structures.... [more] Nanostructured thin oxide films are applied in many fields, such as catalysis, filtration and se-paration, self purification, and biomedical technology. Most of these films are mesoporous with ordered (e. g. hexagonal) pores. In this work we present non-porous films with aligned surface structures. The unique feature of these films is the fingerprint-like structure in the range of 10 nm. The films from SiO2 and SiO2-TiO2 in different compositions were formed by dip-coating of glass slides with surfactant containing sols. The dipping sols were prepared from silicon and/or titanium alkoxides, water, acid, alcohol, and non-ionic surfactants. While silicon alkoxides can be used in the as received state, titanium alkoxides have to be complexed by a diketonate to avoid precipitation. The dipped glass slides were dried in air at room temperature. After a tempera-ture treatment nanostructured thin films were obtained. It was also possible to generate these films on other substrates like ZrO2 or titanium. Field emission gun scanning electron micros-copy (FEGSEM) was used as well as atomic force microscopy (AFM) to characterize these materials. The nanostructure was analyzed by using the AFM data to create power spectral density (PSD) functions of the surface patterns. Different kinds of nanostructures can be achieved by adding different surfactants. A polyoxyethylene alkyl ether leads to domains of parallel aligned structures. Increasing surfactant content causes a change from domain boun-daries to a continuous change of orientation. The PSD analysis shows that the spacing of the aligned pattern is 8 nm. The application of a PEO-PPO-PEO block copolymer leads to a fin-gerprint-like surface of the films. A spacing of 14 nm results from the power spectral density function analysis. Similar surfaces can be obtained by using different mixtures of silica and titania precursors. The curvature radius of the nanopattern is smaller than in a pure silica film, the spacing is about 15 nm.
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Sol-Gel-derived Mesoporous Silica Ceramics: Influence of Surfactants on Pore Morphology
International Conference on Ceramic Processing Science, Hamburg, Germany; 01/2002
Mesoporous ceramics are applied in catalysis, filtration technology and biotechnology. Such materials were synthesized from aqueous colloidal silica sols using different surfactants. Samples were dried in air or under super¬critical conditions and calcined at different temperatures. The specific sur... [more] Mesoporous ceramics are applied in catalysis, filtration technology and biotechnology. Such materials were synthesized from aqueous colloidal silica sols using different surfactants. Samples were dried in air or under super¬critical conditions and calcined at different temperatures. The specific surfaces of these high porous materials range from 200 to 270 m²/g and the pore radii from 3 to 15 nm. It is possible to influence the pore morphology by adding a surfactant. This leads to higher values of pore volume and a decrease in specific surface. The pore radii distribution is shifted to higher values and is getting broader. In this contribution especially the influence of surfactants on changes in pore morphology is discussed.
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Entwicklung tensidmodifizierter Sol-Gel-Synthesen für die Herstellung von porösen Aluminiumoxidkeramiken
01/2001
Degree: Diplom-Chemiker
Supervisor: Prof. Dr. G. Ziegler
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Tensidmodifizierte Sol-Gel-Synthesen zur Herstellung poröser oxidischer Keramiken
DKG-Jahrestagung, Bayreuth, Germany; 01/2001
Poröse Keramiken finden in vielen Bereichen Anwendungen, beispielsweise in der Katalyse, der Filtrationstechnik und in der Medizintechnik. Eine Methode zur Herstellung poröser Keramiken mit Porendurchmessern von einigen Nanometern ist der Sol-Gel-Prozess. Aus¬¬¬ge-hend von molekularen Vorstufen (Pre... [more] Poröse Keramiken finden in vielen Bereichen Anwendungen, beispielsweise in der Katalyse, der Filtrationstechnik und in der Medizintechnik. Eine Methode zur Herstellung poröser Keramiken mit Porendurchmessern von einigen Nanometern ist der Sol-Gel-Prozess. Aus¬¬¬ge-hend von molekularen Vorstufen (Precursoren) können die Eigenschaften der Gele durch Variation der molaren Verhältnisse der Edukte (Lösemittel, Precursor, Wasser und Kata-lysator) sowie durch die Alterungszeiten und die Wahl der Trocknungsmethode eingestellt werden. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit soll der Einfluss von ionischen sowie von nichtionischen Tensiden auf die Sol-Gel-Synthese sowie auf die Porenstruktur der Gele bzw. der Keramiken untersucht werden. Dazu werden verschiedene Sole, basierend auf Silicium- und Aluminiumverbindungen, hergestellt und mit Tensiden in unterschiedlichen Konzentrationen versetzt. Nach der Gelbildung erfolgt der Austausch des Lösemittels und Trocknung mit überkri¬tischem CO2 sowie die Calcinierung bei Temperaturen zwischen 600 und 900 °C. Sowohl die getrockneten Gele als auch die porösen Keramiken werden mit¬tels Stick¬stof¬f¬adsorption charakterisiert. Bei Sol-Gel-Synthesen auf der Basis von Silicium-Alkoxiden als auch bei rein wässrigen Systemen bewirken anionische Tenside eine Verkürzung der Gelzeit, nichtionische eine Verlän¬gerung. Die spezifische Oberfläche der getrockneten Gele sinkt dabei mit steigendem Tensidgehalt. Die Zugabe von ionischen und nichtionischen Tensiden hat eine Erhöhung des Porenvolumens zur Folge. Zudem verschiebt sich das Maximum der Porenradienverteilung deutlich hin zu höheren Werten. Die Temperaturbehandlung führt zur Verringerung der spezifischen Oberflächen, der Porenvolumina und der Porenradien.
Following (27)
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Aleksandra Gavrilovic
CEST - Kompetenzzentrum für Elektrochemische Oberflächentechnologie GmbH (Centre of Electrochemical Surface Technology) -
Dr.Ravi Shankar Kumar
GITAM (Gandhi Institute of Technology And Management) -
Rakesh Tripathi
sssvv ind -
Anderson Rodriguez Aguillon
<<Universida Industrial de Santander