Angel Gil-Izquierdo

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  Available from: Angel Gil-Izquierdo

  Article: Sustained deficit irrigation affects the colour and phytochemical characteristics of pomegranate juice.

  Pedro Mena, Alejandro Galindo, Jacinta Collado-González, Sara Ondoño, Cristina García-Viguera, Federico Ferreres, Arturo Torrecillas, Angel Gil-Izquierdo
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  ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: No information exists on the consequences of water stress on the pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) tree in terms of the quality and health/nutritional properties of its juice. In this study the influence of two different sustained deficit irrigation treatments on the colour, antioxidant activity and total phenolic compound, total anthocyanin, punicalagin and ellagic acid contents of pomegranate juice was assessed. RESULTS: Control plants were irrigated at 75% ET(o) (crop reference evapotranspiration) in order to ensure non-limiting soil water conditions, while others were subjected to sustained deficit irrigation at 43 and 12% ET(o) throughout the experimental period. Both moderate (43%) and severe (12%) water stress treatments led to pomegranate juices with a more yellowish colour, lower antioxidant activity and lower total phenolic compound, punicalagin and total anthocyanin contents than those from control plants. CONCLUSION: Pomegranate juice from trees under sustained deficit irrigation was of lower quality and less healthful than that from trees without water stress. From a nutritional point of view, this means that a reduction in irrigation provides a dramatic decrease in bioactive phenolic compounds, especially anthocyanins and punicalagin, and consequently a lower visual attraction of the juice owing to the weak red colour of the fruit. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry.
  Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 05/2013; 93:1922-1927. · 1.44 Impact Factor
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  Article: Effects of a citrus based juice on biomarkers of oxidative stress in metabolic syndrome patients

  Juana Bernabé, Juana Mulero, Begoña Cerdá, Cristina García-Viguera, Diego A. Moreno, Soledad Parra, Francisco Avilés, Angel Gil-Izquierdo, José Abellán, Pilar Zafrilla
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  ABSTRACT: Bioactive substances found in numerous foods can be successfully and safely used to modify various cellular functions and affect the oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of a citrus-based juice (juice citrus (95%) with 5% of aronia extract (Aronia melanocarpa)) on biomarkers of oxidative stress in patients with metabolic syndrome compared with healthy individuals. The study comprised 20 healthy subjects and 33 patients with metabolic syndrome. Eighteen patients consumed daily 300 mL of a citrus-based juice during 6 months and 15 patients consumed 300 mL of a placebo beverage. The control group consumed a citrus-based juice (CJ). Before, and at sixth months after consuming of a citrus-based juice the following parameters were determined: 15-isoprostane F2, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), reduced and oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSH), carbonyl groups and oxidized LDL (ox-LDL). After consuming CJ during 6 months the values of 8-OHdG, carbonyl groups and LDL-ox decreased in both analyzed groups and the values of GSH/GSSH increased. Significant differences were observed in both groups. Thus consumption of citrus-based juice improved the biomarkers of oxidative stress in metabolic syndrome patients.
  Journal of Functional Foods 04/2013; · 2.45 Impact Factor
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  Article: Ellagic Acid and Derivatives from Cochlospermum angolensis Welw. Extracts: HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS(n) Profiling, Quantification and In Vitro Anti-depressant, Anti-cholinesterase and Anti-oxidant Activities.

  Federico Ferreres, Clara Grosso, Angel Gil-Izquierdo, Patrícia Valentão, Paula B Andrade
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  ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION: Cochlospermum angolensis Welw. bark is a medicinal plant consumed for the treatment of hepatic diseases and for the prophylaxis of malaria. Nevertheless, there are few studies concerning its chemical composition and biological potential. OBJECTIVE: Since phenolic compounds are described as powerful anti-oxidants and neuroprotective agents, the purpose of this study was to characterise the phenolic profile of this species and to extend the knowledge on its medicinal properties, namely its potential against oxidative stress, Alzheimer's disease and depression. METHODS: The phenolic composition of aqueous and hydromethanolic extracts was characterised by HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS(n) . Anti-radical potential was tested against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhdrazyl, superoxide anion and nitric oxide radicals, and neuroprotective effect was assessed against acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase and monoamine oxidase A. RESULTS: Eight compounds were characterised for the first time. Hydromethanolic extract was richer in methyl ellagic acid and its derivatives, while aqueous extract had higher amounts of ellagic acid and its derivatives. Methyl ellagic acid pentoside isomer and ellagic acid were the major compounds in the two extracts, respectively. Both extracts and ellagic acid revealed radical scavenging capacity stronger than that of ascorbic acid, but a weak effect on cholinesterases was observed. Their anti-depressant activity was also very strong. CONCLUSION: The results provided evidence of the value of C. angolensis as a source of health-promoting anti-oxidants and anti-depressant compounds, with potential to be used as a raw product for food and pharmaceutical industries. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
  Phytochemical Analysis 04/2013; · 2.63 Impact Factor
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  Article: Phenolic compounds from Jacaranda caroba (Vell.) A. DC.: approaches to neurodegenerative disorders.

  Federico Ferreres, Clara Grosso, Angel Gil-Izquierdo, Patrícia Valentão, Paula B Andrade
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  ABSTRACT: Diseases affecting the central nervous system are spread throughout the world. As so, more efficient and safe neuroprotective drugs are required. The present study describes, for the first time, the phenolic composition and bioactivity of Jacaranda caroba (Vell.) A. DC, a species whose infusion is consumed as traditional medicine. The HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS(n) analysis revealed the presence of four dicaffeoyl acid derivatives and nine flavonoids, comprising quercetin, kaempferol and isorhamnetin derivatives. Twelve compounds are described for the first time in Jacaranda genus. Although isorhamnetin-3-O-rhmanoside-7,4́-di-O-glucoside and quercetin-3-O-(2-pentosyl)hexoside are the main metabolites in both aqueous and hydromethanolic extracts, qualitative and quantitative differences were found between them. Aqueous extract is richer in dicaffeoyl acid derivatives. Both extracts proved to be strong radicals' scavengers and effective monoamine-oxidase A inhibitors, but showed weak protection against cholinesterases' activity. The results highlight the value of J. caroba as a source of health-promoting antioxidants and antidepressant compounds.
  Food and chemical toxicology: an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association 03/2013; 57:91-98. · 2.99 Impact Factor
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  Available from: Federico Ferreres

  Article: Integrated Analysis of COX-2 and iNOS Derived Inflammatory Mediators in LPS-Stimulated RAW Macrophages Pre-Exposed to Echium plantagineum L. Bee Pollen Extract

  Eduarda Moita, Angel Gil-Izquierdo, Carla Sousa, Federico Ferreres, Luís R Silva, Patrícia Valentã, Raú L Domínguez-Perles, Nieves Baenas, Paula B Andrade
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  ABSTRACT: Oxidative stress and inflammation play important roles in disease development. This study intended to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential of Echium plantagineum L. bee pollen to support its claimed health beneficial effects. The hydromethanol extract efficiently scavenged nitric oxide (N NO) although against superoxide (O 2 N2) it behaved as antioxidant at lower concentrations and as pro-oxidant at higher concentrations. The anti-inflammatory potential was evaluated in LPS-stimulated macrophages. The levels of N NO and L-citrulline decreased for all extract concentrations tested, while the levels of prostaglandins, their metabolites and isoprostanes, evaluated by UPLC-MS, decreased with low extract concentrations. So, E. plantagineum bee pollen extract can exert anti-inflammatory activity by reducing N NO and prostaglandins. The extract is able to scavenge the reactive species N NO and O 2 N2 and reduce markers of oxidative stress in cells at low concentrations.
  PLoS ONE 03/2013; 8(3):e59131. · 4.09 Impact Factor