Question
How to extract ingredients in medicinal plant without destroying their natural values?
I am doing research on a permanent diabetic cure. Already I have invented procedure, but I have problem due to lots of wastage when extracting ingredients from valuable and rare herbal plants.
All Answers (172) Show full discussion
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Techniques of preparing plant material for chromatographic
separation and analysis
G. Romanik et al., J. Biochem. Biophys. Methods 70 (2007) 253–261
Its a beautiful manuscript. Kindly go through it
Thanks
Sushil -
Is there any process by which we can increase the yield of calcium salt of seenosides (extract) -
Quality of sandalwood oil could be confirmed by careful analysis, current price of quality sandalwood oil is over 2200$/kg
K R Dayananda -
Thanks, Dear Sushil Middha, 70 (2007) 253–261 pdf ver. I could downloaded . Yes it is good reference material. Mrs. Usha and Mr . Dayananda thanks for information. -
Hi Doctors...Sir Sushil Middha and Sir Laxman
there is other kind of techniques of preparing plant material for chromatographic
separation and analysis: the HSCCC' technique...I recomend -
Dear Dr. Pierre, thank lots. Can you describe about HSCCC. or please give us links and name few reference materials.
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you can try Web of Science or Portal CAPES or simply google schollar...put the name High Speed Counter Current Cromatography (HSCCC) and millions of papers about HSCCC you will see...
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But...this incredible technique is more powerful to polar compounds...
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For polar compounds I recommend the solvent system: water: acetate: butanol alcohol
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Dear scientists I have vision problem in my right eye. I think it will get cure withing few weeks. I will write to you as soon as possible. Many thanks for kind cooperation. Regards Laxman.
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Laxman, i have a rather good list of solvent systems for various HSCCC samples, If you are interested in pursuing that path i will upload the whole list so you don't have to divulge the class of your compound (s). Let me know :)
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Get well soon
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Ravi Sharma thanks. the list is big; there are other more plants that have not yet reached the chem abstract. in my lab we have tested med plants that have glucose lowering properties in animal models.
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(+) pinitol pure compound isolated from Abies pindrow have sugre lowering properties in rats. -
Perticular this paper is clinically importent.
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Dear RSG admin.
Thanks you so much . Now I can log in to my account
many thanks and regards
Laxman -
Hi Enitome Bator! thanks for the reply. these days I am thoroughly studying above matter. It is new field to me. I would like to say again thanks for the cooperation.
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If the plant material is likely to contain more quantities of tannins( especially bark and dark coloured leaves), it is better to sprinkle CaO and water and allow the polyphenolic to be blocked and the continue with the extraction procedures to get better outputs. -
Supercritical CO2 may be useful only for alkaloids
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Supercritical fluid extraction has wide applications in plant phytochemicals. It also helpful in extraction of essential oils, decaffeination of teas and coffee, extraction of anthocyanins, polyphenols, saponins etc. So many application not only limited to alkaloids. -
EVEN i agree with Enitome Bafor .
when i carried out the extraction of glycosides during my research project, maceration process was found to give more yield compared to soxhlet extraction process . -
Cold Maceration serves the purpose well. -
Super critical co2 extraction is the best means of extraction of essential and non essential components from natural plants without destruction of their natural values. Thought the initial investment is high but the running cost is very low and the results are very positive. Also its a green technology, -
Preparation of Chinese medicinal herbs in a given formulation is usually based on empirical practice and the ancient classic TCM literatures. The standard preparation procedures often are as follows: (1) Identify and clean the herbs for the formulation. (2) As pretreatment, soak the mixed herbs in pure water for a certain period of time (usually recommended for 30 min). (3) Boil or decoct the mixed herbs in the water for a certain period of time (usually recommended for 15-20 min), to obtain the final TCM medicine or herbal tea. The latter is also called an herbal water extraction in botanical studies. However, compared to numerous herbal efficacy investigations, much less attention has been paid to the quality control of extraction pretreatment of TCM herbal formulations . -
From my experience in medicinal plant studies/extraction process used vis-a-vis its efficacy, traditional methods like cold maceration will preserve the active ingredients in their 'native' states and that usually gives better synergistic effect. it is also important to consider whether it is the quantity or quality of active ingredients that is the focus. -
The quality and quality of extract and or bioactive ingridient is also dependent on the harvesting season, the processing methods (sun drying or shade drying or oven drying), the storage procedure (pre- and post- utility of the material) and the understanding of the integrity of extract or bioactive substance. -
Drying process can increase the yield, in order to preserve, i agree the maceration process is the best -
Keep a note of the heating procedures involved in the process. Just maintain sufficient temperature so that the thermolabile compounds are not degraded and their medicinal values are kept intact. -
Mostly flavanoids only responsible for anti diabetic activity, so go for methanol and Ethyl acetate extracts
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I agree with Dr. Lucky Legbosi Nwidu and Chitra Krishnan among others. I have found that flavonoids are sometimes sensitive to oxidation, so it may be best to avoid UV light and to dry samples under N2 gas to retain activity. I have the best yields of flavonoids with ethyl acetate or ethyl acetate-methanol extractions. Some useful flavonols or flavones also have sugars attached and dissolve better in methanol with a small amount of water. I guess I would consider the partially water soluble compounds when considering antidiabetic activity. -
Avoid high temperature during extraction procedure if you want to prepare aqueous extract avoid drying by evaporation you can use lyophilization instead of evaporation
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Medicinal plants show their activity for some time and then they become immune to the body and does not respond much
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The activity of any drug for that matter a medicinal plant formulation depends on the pharmacokinetics property or the mode of action in the body of a human or an animal. A whole animal body is a complex system. That is the reason why in vitro experiment is apparently easy to perform and get reproducible results. However, when it comes to the in vivo system it becomes difficult.
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As regarding to my experience in extraction of some sensitive natural products, i suggest you maceration method, in a cool and dark place is the best. -
Dear Manisha Bansal, it happens when we used wrong compound. When we prescribed medicinal plants component we must matched their active ingredients..
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Many a times air-drying under shade should be preferred to sun-drying in hot atmosphere as this could degrade volatile material to some extent. Though the former takes weeks to accomplish it is safer than the latter.
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I concur with Dr. Lucky. Direct sun light affects the plant components.
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Freeze concentration of hydrophic extracts (remove ice crystals) followed by freeze drying tend to retain higher activity at a lower cost. It worked very well in my lab por extraction and concentration of papain from papaya peels. -
Is there any method which can avoid use of organic solvent and economical from industrial point of view for extracting vitamin and minerals from plants? Supercritical fluid extraction has the downside that it is not cost effective... -
See this link. I think it s contains are valuable.
http://www.bioresearchonline.com/doc.mvc/common-misconceptions-in-freeze-drying-0001?sectionCode=TOC&templateCode=LifeScienceSponsor&user=2817362&source=nl:36718 -
First of all drying conditions play an important role after the collection of plant material, preferably shade drying is advantageous. Secondly, you have to select the solvent very carefully and then drying of extracts should be done using rotary evaporator or lyophilization technique.
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I think most of the answers address the issue poorly or partially. The issue of extraction is highly technical and unfortunately most people think boiling a herb in a solvent ensures extraction. Extraction is unrelated to pharmacology unless extraction is based on activity and this can only be done by purification or semi purification to determine active fractions, dose responses and pharmacokinetics. A simplistic approach is dangerous, and one answer even suggested that an active was less active than the herb. The term "active" needs to be understood since most people term markers as actives and unfortunately without proper activity guided bio assays all extracts get a bad reputation due to laziness of researchers rather than the active principle that many be either unreported or difficult to isolate. My suggestion is to perform activity guided assay and then subject the fraction to HPTLC fingerprinting to define the type of extract that displays activity. -
You can try maceration.the simplest of methods.preserves all active principles because no heat is invilved.
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Basically your question does not highlight what methods you are currently using, that results in losses. As a thumb rule it is wise to follow a activity guided isolation. Starting from simple maceration and checking the activity. This can then progress to differential solvent extractions which should progress from non polar to polar. If you can identify your activity in one of these fractions then you can try column chromatography or further techniques. Secondly it is also not clear from your question what kind of anti diabetic activity you are studying. A given plant has multiple anti diabetic activities, hence what you feel as losses may also be due to separation of different activities in course of your treatment.
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How to determine the anti-diabetic activity of a plant extract in vitro ?
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You can apply glucose tolerant test ( Oral or intro Venus)
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/224011605_Antihyperglycemic_activity_Evaluation_of_Rhizomes_of_Curcuma_zedoaria_(Christm.)_Roscoe_and_Fruits_of_Sonneratia_caseolaris_(L.)Engl?ev=prf_pub -
Mr. Akalpita Arvindekar, I have already given my diabetic healing methodology and traditional extraction procedures. thanks for interest.
Laxman
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